TIST Kenya Newsletter - August 2014

Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
English Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Great News: TIST has been voted The Best (Carbon) Offsetting Program in the
World. Page 2
TIST: Clear cutting of TIST tree groves is a serious violation of TIST Values and
Green House Gas contract. It hurts positive actions of thousands of TIST Farmers.
Page 3
TIST Program in Igembe Region. Page 4
TIST: Soil Fertility. Page 5
Inside:
ENGLISH VERSION 2
SUBSISTENCE FARMERS PROVE THEY CAN BETTER
THEIR LOCAL ENVIRONMENT AND HELP THE
PLANET
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A., 30 June, 2014 – The
International Small Group and Tree Planting
Program (TIST) has been voted Best Offsetting
Project in a global survey conducted by
Environmental Finance. This recognition, voted by
carbon market industry professionals throughout
the world, identified the many benefits that TIST
farmers receive from working together to plant
trees, and to develop and share local “best
practices” that improve their lives.
Environmental Finance is online news and
analysis service established in 1999 to report on
sustainable investment, green finance and the
people and companies active in environmental
markets.TIST is the first offsetting project to be
recognized by Environmental Finance.
TIST is an agriculture, tree planting,
development and carbon credit program that
operates in Kenya, India, Uganda and Tanzania.TIST
was developed with and for smallholder and
subsistence farmers who plant trees on degraded
land to improve their livelihoods and food security.
Their actions also address local, regional and global
environmental issues such as deforestation,
biodiversity loss, adaptation and climate change.
“The real credit for the outstanding results of
this program belongs to the farmers of TIST,” said
Ben Henneke, co-founder of TIST. “These farmers
collect local seeds, make nurseries, plant seedlings,
and keep them alive through droughts, floods, and
raids by cattle, goats and elephants.TIST farmers
are an incredibly inspiring group of people. They
are proud of the benefits their trees are having on
their lives and on the global environment. This
awardrecognizes the hard work done by more than
70,000 farmers planting trees, sharing information,
monitoring results and helping other farmers.”
“Tropical deforestation is one of the largest manmade sources of CO2, and smallholder farmers are
Great News: TIST has been voted The Best
(Carbon) Offsetting Program in the World.
among those most severely harmed by climate
change,” continued Henneke. “For the past 14 years,
more and more TIST women and men have taken
action to reverse deforestation and to improve
their own land and the land in their communities.
By carefully measuring the growth of their trees
they have created a new ‘Virtual Cash Crop’ –
carbon offsets. These carbon credits are sold to
companies, organizations and people who want to
encourage the TIST farmers’ efforts.”
TIST’s carbon offsets from India, Kenya and
Uganda are validated and verified to Verified Carbon
Standard (VCS) and Climate, Community &
Biodiversity (CCB) standards including the “Gold”
level. “Sales of these premium quality TIST tonnes
now fully support these existinglocations and
should continue profitably for another 25-30
years,”noted Henneke. “With additional expansion
capital, we willcontinue to replicate this selfsustaining process.”
Page 2 of 2
TIST farmers have demonstrated that using the
new agricultural approaches, planting a variety of
tree species, using higher efficiency stoves for
cooking, and adopting better health practices have
a large impact on their family’s income and health.
Recent studies required for the multiple
verifications have shown that the benefits the
farmers create far exceed the costs of developing
the program.
Henneke added, “We have partnered with
USAID Kenya over the last five years to expand
TIST in Kenya so that more farmers, especially
women and youth, could create more benefits for
themselves, improve biodiversity and water quality,
and protect forests. USAID’s help in Kenya also
benefited participants in each of the other countries
when new best practices developed in Kenya were
shared from farmer to farmer. TIST is showing that
improving the local and the global environment
creates more income and more opportunities.With
more than one billion hectares of degraded land in
ENGLISH VERSION 3
Last month, we discussed about clear tree cutting
during the GOCC seminar held at Gitoro in June
2014, immediately after TIST-USAID Five years of
successful partnership celebration.
This month, we are carrying a reminder of last
month’s article with a call for information and
suggestion from TIST farmers on the best ideas on
how to completely avoid clear cutting. TIST’s
Leadership council appointed Charles Ibeere (0720
474209) to work closely with Cluster leaders,
GOCC Representatives and TIST farmers in
addressing this issue.
It is important to note the Green House Gas
contract, which all TIST farmers are party to,
stipulates an agreement by the farmers to keep trees
for long-term. It only allows farmers to thin their
trees (if closely spaced), prune branches for
firewood, and cut up to 5% of the group trees each
year when the trees are 10 years or older.
The above rule is necessary for continued
participation in carbon program. Carbon buyers
want to be assured that the trees from which they
buy carbon credits are kept alive. Where the
farmers cut their trees, carbon buyers always
decline to buy credits from such entities because
they are considered high risk.This is why an action
of few farmers who violate this rule could make
carbon buyers shun from buying other TIST farmers
carbon credits.
There have been other concerns too. A farmer
who cuts down all his trees has been receiving TIST
Trainings, Quantification and Mazingira Bora
newsletters.All the expenses incurred by him are
passed on to other farmers.
As a reminder about actions GOCC said they
would implement, please contact Charles (0720
474209) about:
a) Ideas from other farmers in Clusters meeting
about the actions that should be taken on
those who clear-cut.
b) How such a farmer who clear-cut would
compensate other farmers so as to cushion
them from losses in the carbon business.
TIST: Clear cutting of TIST tree groves is a
serious violation of TIST Values and Green House
Gas contract. It hurts positive actions of
thousands of TIST Farmers.
need of restoration,TIST demonstratesthat creating
‘Payments for Environmental Services’for farmers
in the tropics can rapidly reduce greenhouse gasses
and provide time for the technological development
of other ‘low carbon’ approaches to mature and
be proven out.”
Charlie Williams, vice president of Clean Air
Action Corporation (CAAC), commented, “For the
past 14 years we have had three primary concerns:
First, that the farmers who joined TIST create a
better life for themselves through their efforts.
Second, that CAAC would create the monitoring
systems and processes to accurately and
transparently measure their results.And third, that
their measured results would create a new source
of income for them.” In May of 2011, the TIST
program was“First in the World” to complete the
VCS and CCB certifications and have now
completed that process a total of 14 times.Williams
added, “We are pleased to have customers who
recognize both the technical excellence and the
human benefits that purchasing TIST tonnes
provides. Two of those important customers,The
Carbon Neutral Company, and Microsoft have also
won awards from Environmental Finance. The
Carbon Neutral Company was voted ‘The Best
Offset Retailer’ and Microsoft was voted ‘Best
Corporate Offset Programme.’ TIST continues to
replicate and expand because there are millions of
farmers who want to join. We look forward to
accomplishing the financing to meet the needs of
those farmers, and to increase the beneficial impact
of TIST on global climate change”
ENGLISH VERSION 4
We, TIST Farmers from Igembe South are happy to
report our achievements from participating in the
TIST program.They include but are not limited to:
1. We receive trainings monthly by cluster
servants as well as monthly newsletter known
as Mazingira Bora. This has enabled us to
increase our farm productivity in maize, fruits
and other crops. We have learned to organize
our shambas better, control soil erosion,
increase soil fertility, practice conservation
farming and do compost manure.
2. Farmers bordering rivers are trained about
conservation of riparian areas.This has ensured
consistent and reliable supply of clean water
for our animals and for domestic use.
Additionally, we have protected our lands from
constant degradation as soil erosion is
controlled.
3. TIST Values and Rotational Leadership minding
about gender sensitive has greatly transformed
our society. Women, Men and Youth have equal
opportunities to take leadership positions,
demonstrate and pass on their leadership gifts
and talents, build confidence amongst
themselves and provide new ideas for our
development and growth.
4. Tree incentives from TIST have helped change
many farmers’ lives. In some of the Clusters,
farmers have organized themselves to do table
banking, merry go rounds and therefore
multiplying the amount of help that goes to the
farmer.
5. The use of TIST energy saving stoves help
increase tree lives as fewer trees are cut for
firewood. The stoves have significantly
improved health and safety as smoke is minimal
and always directed out of kitchen area, and
children’s safety in the cooking area is greatly
enhanced.
TIST Program in Igembe Region.
By William Mwito, TIST Cluster Servant.
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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ENGLISH VERSION 5
What is soil?
Soil is the uppermost layer of the earth. It contains
air, water, organic matter and mineral matter.
How is Soil formed?
The weathering (breakdown) of rocks provides the
minerals needed to support plant life. Plants are
then added to the soil as organic matter. As more
rock is broken down and more organic matter is
added, so more water can be held in the soil, further
promoting plant growth
Why is organic matter important?
Organic matter (mainly formed through the
decomposition of plant material) releases a lot of
nutrients, which are available for uptake to new
plants. It also supports the life of beneficial
microorganisms in the soil, helps with water
infiltration and helps to bind the soil together.
What determines the type of soil found?
• The climate: both the temperature and water
availability affect the rate of weathering of rock.
• Organisms: bacteria, fungi and worms amongst
many others live in the soil. Some play a key
role in mixing the soil, such as earthworms.
Soil organisms help decompose organic matter,
and some help plants to fix nitrogen (e.g.
Rhizobium bacteria).
• Topography: the shape of the land. For example,
soil on slopes is generally thinner and more
easily eroded than the soil found collected in
valleys.
• Parent material: the type of rock the soil is
formed from.
• Human behavior: the way we use and care for
our soil (or not) will greatly affect its fertility.
The texture of the soil you have depends on how
much sand, silt and clay it is made from.The diagram
on the following page shows you the main
categories of soil texture. The texture of the soil
and structure influence how easily roots can
penetrate the soil, and how much water can be
retained.
Why is soil pH important?
How acidic or alkali a soil is (its pH) affects how
available soil nutrients are for plant uptake and what
type of soil organism life can be supported.
Generally most soil nutrients are more soluble (and
therefore available for plant absorption) when in
an acidic soil compared to a neutral or alkaline soil.
However, if the soil is too acidic many bacteria
cannot grow, and this will affect the rate of
decomposition of organic matter. Most good
topsoils have a pH between 5.5 and 7.5 and are
relatively dark in color.
What is a fertile soil?
A fertile soil is one that has an available supply of
all the nutrients needed to support plant life.
• Primary nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus,
potassium
• Secondary nutrients: sulphur, magnesium,
calcium
• Micronutrients: iron, manganese, boron,
chlorine, zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel
Strategies to improve soil fertility
• Consider adding nitrogen (in the form of green
manure from nitrogen-fixing plants) and
phosphorus (in the form of rock phosphate).
• Collect and use livestock manure and urine.
This is better in composted form. Fresh
sources may contain too much ammonia
content (which may harm plants) and may
contain higher amounts of pathogens (diseasecausing organisms). Composted manure
contains fewer pathogens. If you do use fresh
manure, use moderately and leave a minimum
of two months in between applications.
• Add organic matter through composting
(details below).
• Practice conservation agriculture best practices
as described in previous units:
o Crop rotation
o Intercropping
o Agroforestry
o Planting leguminous cover crops
o Leaving land fallow
o Use of mulch
o Using conservation farming holes
o Reduce water erosion through tree
planting, terraces, fanya juu
• Consider intercropping with Pigeon pea
(Cajanus cajan), Dolichos lablab, Mucuna
pruriens, Crotalaria, Canavalia.
• Consider adding ash, which is rich in calcium
and potassium carbonate.
• Add lime if you know your soil is too acidic
• It is best not to add additional minerals (apart
from those found in compost) without testing
the soil first to see what nutrients and minerals
are actually needed.
• There may be some circumstances when you
need to apply inorganic chemical fertilizers.
Use accordingly to the manufacturer
instructions and research which ones are most
ecologically sound for your area through
getting advice from your extension officers
TIST: Soil Fertility.
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
ENGLISH VERSION 6
Composting
Compost manure is a natural fertilizer to help your
crops grow. It is better than chemical fertilizer
because it is natural and has no damaging effects
for the crops and environment. Composting is one
of the easiest, cheapest and most effective ways of
improving soil fertility.
What can be used for compost?
• Crop residues, weeds, dead leaves, any
trimmed vegetation, manure and urine from
livestock, bedding from livestock, kitchen food
waste from fruit and vegetables, ash, shredded
paper and cardboard.
• Don’t use meat, dairy products, fats, oils, metal
or plastic.
General best practices for composting:
• Choose a shaded area for your compost
• Cover with banana leaves or a plastic sheet
• Sprinkle with water during the dry season
• Protect from rain (which will wash nutrients
away)
• As a general guide aim for:
o One third ‘green vegetation’ (grass
clippings, fruit, vegetables, egg shells, nut
shells, manure, weeds, plants)
o One third ‘brown vegetation’ (dry leaves,
straw, sawdust, cardboard and fine crop
residues)
o One third bulky material such as chopped
branches and larger crop residues.
o Ensure you use plant material that has not
yet seeded, and do not use diseased
material
o Layer the materials in a pile or in a hole.
Air is needed for compost, so mix the
materials together and do not compact
the material down
• Water the pile of material, cover and leave so
that material decomposes over the next couple
of months. You can occasionally mix the
material.
• If the material becomes slimy or smelly over
time it may be too wet or have too much green
vegetation.Add more brown vegetation if this
is the case, and mix.
• Try to have your batch of material ready for
mixing, watering, covering and leaving 2-3
months before the rainy season so it will be
useful for the planting season.
• The compost should be brown and crumbly
when ready. You can sieve the material to get
a finer mixture, and add the larger pieces back
into the compost pile for the next batch.
Some of the TIST groups use a more specific
method, which they have found effective. They have
described the process below:
Preparation of compost manure by some
TIST groups:
1) Choose an area 4m x 4m for your compost pit
2) Clean the area
3) Dig a hole of diameter 3 - 4m and 1.5m deep
4) Collect all the remains of the crops you have
and cut them into small pieces. (e.g. the leaves
and stalks of maize, millet, beans)
5) Put these crops remains into the hole up to a
depth of 0.5m.
6) Then add 5 liters of ash
7) Next add about 30cm (or as much as available)
of animal dung (e.g. dung from pig, cow, goat
or chicken).
8) Next put another layer of crop leaves and
stalks (0.5m)
9) Add another 5 liters of ash
10) Add the leaves and stalks again until the hole
is almost filled
11) Finally, add a layer of soil until the hole is filled
12) While filling the hole with soil, put a long stick
in the middle of the hole so it reaches the
bottom.
13) Leave the compost pit for 90 days (3 months).
14) During this period use your dirty water to
water the compost pit. For example, after
cleaning your house or clothes, empty the used
water over the compost pit. If you have animals
you can also pour animal urine over the pit.
15) Try to water the compost pit in this way every
day, or whenever water is available.
16) After the 90 days the manure will be ready.
Use the stick as a thermometer – when the
compost is ready it should be hot and you may
even see steam coming from the stick after
you have removed it.
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kimeru Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Ntumiri inthongi mono:TIST nithuritwe iri muradi juria mwega buru jwa gukucia ruugo
ruruthuku ndene ya nthiguru yonthe. Page 2
TIST: Ugiti bwa miti yonthe ndene ya miunda ya TIST ni kuuna na njira inene jaria TIST
ikirite na kinya kandarasi ya GhG. Nikugitaragia mantu jameega jaria jakuthithua ni
arimi ba TIST ngiri nyingi. Page 3
TIST ndene ya Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Unoru bwa muthetu. Page 5
Inside:
KIMERU VERSION 2
ARIMI BA MIUNDA IMININI NIBONENIE ATI NO
BATHONGOMIE NARIA KUBATHIURUKITE NA
KINYA GUTETHIA NTHIGURU YONTHE
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A., Tariki mirongo
ithatu mweri jwa itantatu, 2014 – The International
Small Group and Tree Planting Program (TIST)
nithuritwe iri muradi juria mwega bru kiri kurita
ruugo ruruthuku ndene ya utari bwa nthiguru
yonthe buria bwathithirue ni kiama gigwitwa Environmental Finance. Kumenyeka guku, kuria
kwaringirwe kura ni bonthe ndene ya thoko ya
ruugo ya nthiguru yonthe, nikwonere baita inyingi
iria arimi ba TIST boonaga kuumania kuritaniria
ngugi kuanda miti, na kwambia na kugaana mitire
iria miega buru ya kuhtithia mantu gatai gati kao
iria itumaga miturire yao ikathongoma nkuruki.
Environmental Finance iji ni nteto iria
ciretagwa na gutegerwa gukurukira internet iria
yambirue 1999 iri ya kuejana ripoti kwegie utumiri
mbeca mantune jaria jakumbika ndene ya igita riraja,
mbeca kuumania na uandi na antu na kambuni iria
cikwonekana kiri thoko ciegie naria gututhiurukite.
TIST ni muradi jwa mbele kiri iria iritaga ruugo
ruruthuku iria ionekene ni Environmental finance.
TIST ni muradi jwegie urimi, uandi miti, witi na
mbele na kwendia ruugo juria jwitaga ngugi ndene
ya Kenya, India, Uganda na Tanzania.TIST niyambirie
ni arimi babanini ba irio baria baandga miti ndene
ya miunda iria ithukitue nikenda bathongomia
miturire yao na kumenyeera ati irio birio rionthe.
Ngugi cia arimi baba nicitegagiira thiina iria
cikwoneka naria kubathiurukite akui, ntuurene na
kinya ndene ya nthiguru yonthe ta ugiti miitu, kuthira
gwa gukaranira kwa mithemba mwanya na imingi
ya imera na nyomoo na kugaruka kwa rera.
“Baria eene kuumbana na aria muradi juju jukinyite
ni arimi ba TIST”, Ben Henneke umwe wa aambia
ba TIST niu augite. “arimi baba nibojanagia mbeu,
bakathithia minanda, bakaanda miti, na bakamika iri
moyo riria kurina uumo, kuigara kwa ruuji,
kuumania na nyomoo ta ng’ombe, mburi na njogu.
Arimi ba TIST ni gikundi kimwe kia antu kiria
gigwikira antu bangi wendo bwa kuthtia mantu.
Nibagwikumiria baita iria miti iji irinacio ndene ya
miturire yao na ndene ya nthiguru yonthe. Kiewa
giki nigikuuga ati ngugi ya arimi baba nkuruki ya
ngiri mirongo mugwanja ya uandi miti, kugaana
umenyo, kuthima baita na gutethia arimi bangi
nioni.”
“Ugiti miitu ndene ya nthiguru iria ciithagira
cirina ngai inyingi ni kiumo gia ruugo ruruthuku rwa
kaboni kimwe kia biria binene buru, na arimi
babanini ni bamwe ba baria bagitaragua nkuruki ni
kugaruka kwa rera,” Henneke netire na mbele
kuuga.“Ndene ya miaka iria ikurukite ikumi na inna,
ekuru na aume bangi na bangi ba TIST nibajukitie
itagaria kugarura jaria jaumanagia na ugiti miitu na
kuthongomia miunda yao bongwa na ingi ya ntuura
ciao. Na njira ya kuthima bwega ukuri bwa miti
nibambiritie kimera gikieru gia kurita mbeca
gukurukira kwendia ruugo. Krediti iji cia kaboni
niciendagirua kambuni na antu baria bakwanda
gwikiri ngugi cia arimi ba TIST inya.
Ruugo ruria rugwatitue ni miti ya TIST kuuma
India, Kenya na Uganda niruthimi na rwakurukithua
ni VCS na CCB amwe na “Gold level”. “ Wendia
bwa ruugo ruru kuumania na TIST nandi
nibugwataga mbaru miunda ya TIST iria irio na
niibati gwita na mbele kwona baita ndene ya miaka
mirongo iri na itano gwita mirongo ithatu iria iijite,”
Henneke oongera.“Kurina mbeca ingi cia gutamba,
tugeeta na mbele gucokera ngugi iji
igucirungamira.”
Page 2 of 2
Arimi ba TIST nibonenie ati bagitumagira mitire
imieru ya urimi, bakaanda miti mithemba mwanya
ya miti, gutumira mariko ja gutumira nkuu inkai, na
kwambiria mitire imiega ya kumenyeera thiria ya
mwili ni mantu jarina mwago jumunene kiri mbeca
iria bakwona na kiri thiria ya mwili. Uthomi bwa
akui buria bukwendekana kiri gukurukithua kairi
na kairi nibwonenia ati baita iria arimi boonaga
niigukuruka mbeca iria itumiritwe kwambiria na
gwitithia muradi juju.
Henneke noongerere, “ “Nitwitaniritie ngugi
na USAID Kenya ndene ya miaka itano iria ikurukite
kuaramia TIST ndene ya Kenya nikenda arimi bangi
babaingi, mono ekuru na antu babethi, bacithithiria
baita, bathongomia gukaraniria kwa imera na
nyomoo cia muthemba mwanya na bathongomia
utheru bwa ruuji na bakaria miitu. Utethio bwa
USAID ndene ya Kenya nibuete arimi baita ndene
ya nthiguru ingi cionthe riria miitire imieru iria
ithithagua Kenya ciaganirwe kuuma murimi gwita
Ntumiri inthongi mono:TIST nithuritwe iri
muradi juria mwega buru jwa gukucia ruugo
ruruthuku ndene ya nthiguru yonthe.
KIMERU VERSION 3
kiri ungi. TIST nikwonania ati kuthongomia naria
gutukuiritie na kinya naria kuri kuraja natwi
nikuthithagia mbeca na twanya tungi tutwingi.
Kurina munda hectare nkuruki ya bilioni imwe
juthukitue jukwenda gucokanirua,TIST nionenie ati
kuambiria “kuriwa niuntu bwa ngugi iriaa iti
kuthongomia naria kuthiurukite’ kwa arimi ndene
ya nthiguru iji ciri mbura inyingi nikunyiagia ruugo
ruria rurutagiria nthiugur na gugatua kanya ka witi
na mbele bwa kuthiria kuthithia na gukurukia njira
ingi iria itiita ruugo rwa kaboni rurwingi.
Charlie Williams, Munini wa munenene wa
Clean Air Action Corporation (CAAC), nawe
naugire, “Ndene ya miaka ikumi na inna iu ikurukite
nitwithiritwe turina wasi wasi kwegie mantu jathatu:
Mbele, ati arimi baria batonyete kiri TIST
bathongomie miturire yao gukurukira ngugi ciao.
Bwa jairi. Ati CAAC ikathithia bia gutegeera na
kuthima mantu ja TIST bwega na gutina witho. Bwa
jathatu ati mantu ja TIST jaathimwa arimi bakona
Mweri muthiru, nitwaariririe ugiti miti yonthe
ndene ya semina ya GOCC iria yathithirue Gitoro
mweri jwa itantatu 2014, orio tukurikia kiatho gia
kugwirirua uritaniri ngugi bwa TIST na USAID miaka
itano buria buumbene.
Mweri juju, nitukuburikania uria twaugire
mweri muthiru riria tworirie arimi ba TIST batue
nteto na mathuganio kwegie njira iria njega buru
ya kuthiria ugiti miti yonthe ndene ya miunda ya
TIST. Atongeria ba TIST ndene ya LC nibathurire
Charles Ibeere (0720 474209) kuritaniria ngugi ya
akui na atongeria ba cluster, arungamiri ndene ya
GOCC na arimi ba TIST kiri gutegeera untu bubu.
Kurina bata kurikana kandarasi ya GhG, iria
arimi bonthe basainiti, iria yugite arimi nibagwitikiria
gwika miti igita riraja. Itikagiria arimi aki gutaura
miti (kethira nikuianiritie mono), kugita biang’i bia
gutumira ja nku, na kugita mwanka gicunci kia miti
itano kiri o miti igana ya gikundi o mwaka miti
yakinyia miaka ikumi kana yakura nkuruki.
Rwatho ruru rurina bata mono kethira
tukendelea kwithirwa turi ndene ya thoko ya ruugo.
Aguri ba kaboni nibendaga guhakikishirwa ati miti
iria bakugurira ruugo igekwa iri moyo. Naria arimi
bagiitaga miti, aguri ba ruugo nibaregaga kugura
kuumania nabo niuntu boonaga kurina ugwati bwa
iguru mono. Giki nikio gitumi mathithio ja arimi
babakai baria baunaga rwatho ruru jomba gutuma
aguri bakarega kugurira arimi bangi ba TIST ruugo
rwao.
Nikwithiritwe kurina kinya mantu jangi.
Murimi uria ugitaga miti nethiritwe akiritanagwa,
gutarirwa miti na kuewa gazeti o mweri ni TIST.
Mbeca iji itumiritwe kiriwe niciriagwa ni arimi
bangi.
Kurikanua mantu jaria GOCC yaugire ikathithia,
ringira Charles (0720 474209) kwegie:
a) Mathuganio kuuma kiri arimi bang indene ya
micemanio ya cluster kwegie matagaria jaria
jabati kujukua kiri baria bagitaga miti yonthe
ndene ya miunda ya TIST.
b) Uria murimi uria ugitaga miti yonthe akaria
arimi bangi nikenda abarigiria mbeca iria
bakagitwa ndene ya thoko ya ruugo.
kiumo kingi kia mbeca kiribo. ” Mweri jwa itano,
2011, muradi jwa TIST jwari jwa mbele ndene ya
nthiguru kurikia gutegerwa ngugi na gukurukithua
na nandi nibathithiritue untu bou maita ikumi na
janna. Williamsa nongerere, “Turina kugwirua
kwithirwa turina aguri baria boonete uumbani
bwetu kiinto na baita kiri muntu iria kugura ruugo
rwa TIST kuretaga. Bairi ba aguri baba ba bata,The
Carbon Neutral Company na Microsoft kinyabo
nibashindite kiewa kuumani na Environmental Finance. Kambuni iji ya The Carbon Neutral Company niyathurirwe iri “Muguri umunini uria mwega
buru” na Microsoft niyathurirwe iri kambuni iria
njega buru kiri kambuni inene. TIST nitaga na mbele
gucokera na gutamba niuntu kurina milioni inyingi
cia arimi baria bakwenda gutonya. Nitweterete
mono kuumba kwona mbeca ing’ani cia gukinyira
jaria arimi bakwenda, na kwongera baita cia TIST
kiri ugaruki bwa rera ya nthiguru.”
TIST: Ugiti bwa miti yonthe ndene ya miunda ya TIST
ni kuuna na njira inene jaria TIST ikirite na kinya
kandarasi ya GhG. Nikugitaragia mantu jameega jaria
jakuthithua ni arimi ba TIST ngiri nyingi.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
Mantu jaja no ujone aja www.tist.org kana aja www.tist.org/mobile.
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KIMERU VERSION 4
Batwi, arimi ba TIST kuuma Igembe ria gaiti
nitukugwirua tukinenkanira ripoti ya jaria tuumbite
gukinyira gukurukira kwithirwa turi kiri muradi jwa
TIST. Ti aki indi ni amwe na:
1. Nituritanagwa o mweri ni nthumba cia cluster
na kinya kuewa gazeti ya o mweri iria itagwa
Mazingira Bora. Bubu nibutumbithitie
kuongerwa uciari bwa miunda yetu bwa
mpempe, matunda na imera bingi. Nituthomete
kubangira miunda yetu bwega nkuruki, kunyiyia
gukamatwa kwa muthetu, kwongera unoru
bwa muthetu, kurima na njira ya Kilimo Hai na
kuthithia mboleo ya mati.
2. Arimi baria baankene na nduuji nibaritani
kumenyeera nteere cia nduuji. Bubu nibutumite
gukethirwa kurina ruuji rurutheru igita rionthe
rwa ndithia cietu na rwa gutumira mantune jetu
ja nja. Kwongera, nitumenyerete miunda yetu
kuumania na kuthukua kuria kuumanagia na
gukamatwa kwa muthetu.
3. Mantu jaria TIST ikirite na utongeria bwa
kuthiuruka buria bumenyaga ati muntu wonthe
muka na murume nakwona kanya nigutumite
ntuura cietu ciagaruka na njira inene. Aka,
arume na antu babethi nibaei twanya
tung’anene twa kujukia itia bwa utongeria,
kwonania na kunenkanira iewa bia utongeria,
gwakana gatigati kao na kuuma na mathuganio
jameru niuntu bwa witi na mbele na gukura
gwetu.
4. Mbeca cia gwikanira motisha kuuma kiri TIST
nicitethetie kugarura miturire ya arimi babaingi.
Ndene ya cluster imwe, arimi nibaibanganitie
kuthithia wiki mbeca, kuriunganira kimbeca na
kwou bagaciarithania utethio buria bwitaga kiri
murimi.
5. Utumiri bwa mariko ja TIST jaria jatumagira
nkuu inkai nibutethagia kwongera miti niuntu
miti imikai nkuruki nigitagwa gutumirwa ja nku.
Mariko jaja nijatethetie kuthongomia thiria na
kunyiyia ugwati niuntu toi ni inkai na ieitagwa
ikauma riikone na kwou aana no bakare bwega
mono riikone niuntu ugwati nibunyiagua.
Cluster ya Athi ni imwe ya cluster cia TIST iria ikwibangania gukurukira gwika mbeca. Mbicha iji
yajukirue mucemanione jwao jwa o mweri jwa mweri jwa mugwanja 2014
TIST ndene ya Igembe.
Ni William Mwito , Nthumba ya cluster ya TIST ikuuga.
KIMERU VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Muthetu nimbi?
Muthetu ni gicunci kia iguru buru kia nthi. Jwithagirwa
jurina ruugo, ruuji, biria biorete na kinya mineral.
Muthetu juthithagua atia?
Kunangwa kwa maiga nikuejanaga mineral iria ciendekaga
kiri imera nikenda bitigakue. Imera riu nibiongagirwa
muthetune niuntu nibioraga na bikathuthurukanga. O
uria maiga jamaingi jakuunikanga nou imera bibi biori
bikwongereka, nikenda ruuji rurwingi nkuruki rumba
gwikwa ndene ya muthetu, na kwou rumba gwitithia
na mbele gukuria imera.
Niki into bibi biori birina bata?
Into bibi biori (mono kuumania na kwora kwa imera)
nibiritaga irio bibingi, biria biithagira birio niuntu bwa
imera bibieru. Kinya nibiikaga tunyomoo turia turi baita
ndene ya muthetu, bigatethia ruuji gutonya muthetune
na kinya bigatethia muthetu kugwatana amwe bwega.
Nimbi yugaga muthetu juria jurio ni jwa
muthemba juriku?
• Rera: Murutira na ruuji ruria rurio niruugaga mpwi
ya iiga ya kuunikanga
• Tunyomoo: Tunyomoo tumwe nituritaga ngugi ya
bata ya kuungania muthetu ja mang’ionyo jaria
jetagwa earthworms. Tunyomoo twa muthetu
nitutethagia kworia imera na nyomoo na tungi
nitutethagia gwikira nitrogen ndene ya muthetu
(ja Rhizobium bacteria).
• Uria muunda jukari: Mung’uanano, muthetu kibarine
ni jumuceke na jukamatangagwa nkuruki ya
muthetu juria jwithagirwa juri miurone.
• Iiga riria juumenie nario: muthemba jwa iiga riria
muthetu juumite.
• Mathithio ja antu: uria tutumagira na kumenyeera
muthetu jwetu gukauga unoru bwaju.
The texture of the soil you have depends on how much
sand, silt and clay it is made from.The diagram on the
following page shows you the main categories of soil
texture. The texture of the soil and structure influence
how easily roots can penetrate the soil, and how much
water can be retained.
Niki pH ya muthetu irina bata?
Acidi kana alkali iria iri kiri muthetu (PH yaju) niugaga
kethira irio birio niuntu bwa imera nani tunyomoo
turiku muthetune tukoomba gutuura. Jaria maingi irio
bia muthetu nibitonyaga ruujine (na kwou imera
nobibijukie bikijukia ruuji) riria muthetu jurina acidi
nkuruki ya riria jukiri kii kana juri alkaline.
Indi, kethira muthetu jurina acidi inyingi mono bakteria
inyingi itiumba gukura, na bubu bukanyia kwora kwa
imera na nyomoo. Mithetu imiega ya iguru imingi iri PH
ya 5.5 gwita 7.5 na nimiiru (rangi)
Muthetu jumunoru ni juriku?
• Muthetu jumunoru ni juria jurina irio bionthe biria
bikwendeka niuntu bwa imera gutuura bing’ani
• Primary nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
• Secondary nutrients: sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Micronutrients: iron, manganese, boron, chlorine,
zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel.
Kuongera unoru bwa muthetu
• Thugania kwongera nitrogen ( mboleo itiumi
kuumania na imera biria biikagira nitrogen
muthetune ) na Phosphorus ( rock phosphate).
• Uthurania na utumire ntaka ya ndithia na
maumago. Ni injega nkuruki yathithirua kirinyene.
Mboleo itiumi no ithirwe irina ammonia inyingi
mono (iria iumba kugitaria imera) na noithirwe iri
tunyomoo turia turetaga mirimo tutwingi.
Watumira ntaka itiumi, tunmira inkai na ukare mieri
nkuruki ya iiri mbele e wikira yo kairi.
• Ongera mati gukurukira gwika kirinyene (ja uria
ukwirwa aja nthi)
• Tumira mitire iria miega bubu ya urimi bubwega ja
uria wathiri jamaingi kanyuma au:
o Kugarurania imera
o Kuanda imera biungenue
o Kuungania miti na imera
o Anda imera biria bicokagia nitrogen
muthetune biri bia gukunikira nthi
o Tiga muunda jutiandi
o Use of mulch
o Tumira marinya ja kilimo hai
o Nyiyia ukamati bwa muthetu gukurukira
kuanda miti, kwinja mitaro
• Thugania kuandaniria Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan),
Dolichos lablab, Mucuna pruriens, Crotalaria,
Canavalia.
• Thugania kwongera muju, juria jurina calcium na
potassium carbonate na wingi.
• Ongera lime kethira nwiji muthetu jwaku jurina
acidi inyingi
• Ni bwega nkuruki kurega kwongera mineral ingi
(nkuruki ya iria ciithagirwa ciri mboleone)
utithimite muthetu jwaku kwona ni irio na mineral
iriku cikwendeka.
• Magitene jamwe no witie gwikira fertilizer ya nduka.
Ikira kulingana na uria muthithia aandikite na urie
afisa ba urimi ni iriku ciri injega kiri ntuura yaku
Kuthithia mboleo
Mboleo ya kuthithia na imera ni fertilizer ya kuumania
na into bitina ugwati ya gutethia imera biaku bikura
bwega. Ni injega nkuruki ya fertilizer cia nduka niuntu
TIST: Unoru bwa muthetu.
KIMERU VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
icithithitie yongwa na itina ugwati kiri imera na kiri naria
kuthiurukite. Kuthithia mboleo iji ni njira imwe ya iria
mbuthu, itina goro na injega ya kwongera unoru bwa
muthetu.
Nimbi yumba kuthithia mboleo?
• Matigari ja imera, iria, mathangu jamoomu, imera
biria bigiti, mboleo na maumago ja ndithia, mati jaria
ndithia imamagira, matigari ja irio kuuma riiko na
manyani, muju, maratati jagitangi na kandibodi
• Ugatumira nyama, into kinya biriku kuumania na
ndithia, maguta jamomu kana ja ruuji, sikerebu kana
mikebe ya mibira.
Mitire iria miega buru ya kuthithia mboleo ya
imera:
• Taara antu kurina kirundu gwa gwika int bibi biri
au iguru
• Kunikira na mabura kana kiratasi kia nailoni
• Ikiira ruuji igitene ria uumo
• Karia kuumania na ngai (iria yumba gukamata irio
biria bikwendeka)
• Ja mutaratara tegera ati:
o Gicunci kimwe kiri bithatu ni imera bitinyaari
( manyaki, matunda, nyani, makonyo ja nkara,
makonyo ja nkandi, mboleo kuumania na
ndithia, maria, imera)
o Gicunci kimwe kiri bithatu ni “imera binyaari
( mathangu joomi, nyaki injumu, sondasti,
makandibondi na matigari ja imera warikia
guketha)
o Gicunci kimwe kiri bithatu ni into bibirito ja
biang’i bigitangi na matigari jamanene ja imera.
o Menyeera ati uritumira imera biria
bitirathithia mbeu na ugatumira imera biria
biajitue.
o Rikanira into bibi amwe kana kirinyene. Ruugo
nirwendekaga kuthithia mboleo iji, kwou
urugania into bibi amwe bwega na ukamamiria
into bibi mono.
• Ikiira ruuji, ukunikire na urekane nabio mieri imikai
nikenda into bibi bikoora. No uruganie into bibi
o igita nyuma ya igita.
• Mboleo iji yeja gutendera kana kununka no ithirwe
irina ruuji rurwingi mono kana ithirwe irina into
bitiumi bibingi mono. Ongera imera bibiumu
gwakarika ou na uruganie.
• Geria into biaku biithirwe biri tayari kuunganua,
gwikirwa ruuji, gukunikirwa na gwikwa mieri iiri
kana ithatu mbele ya mbura yambiria nikenda
igatethia igitene ria kuanda.
• Mboleo iji ibati kwithirwa iria ya rangi ya muthetu
na ikiunikang’aga riria iri tayari. No ucunke mboleo
iji nikenda wona iria iunikangi bwega, na wongere
jau manene kirinyene nikenda ija gutumirwa riu
ringi.
Bimwe bia ikundi bia TIST nibitumagira njira imwe iria
boonaga igitaga ngugi. Nibaejene matagaria jaja:
Kuthuranira mboleo ya mati na njira iria ikundi
bimwe bia TIST bitumagira:
1) Taara antu aria ukeenja kirinya giaku kia warie bwa
mita inya na uraja bwa mita inya.
2) Theria antu au
3) Inja kirinya kirina warie bwa mita ithatu gwita inya
na mita imwe na nusu kwinama.
4) Uthurania matigari ja imera biaku jaria urinajo na
ugitange tue tunini. ( mung’uanano mathangu na
mati ja mpempe, miere na ming’au)
5) Ikira matigari jaja kirinyene mwanka gitigare nusu
mita.
6) Ongeera lita ithano cia muju
7) Riu wongere centimita mirongo ithatu (kana o iria
ikwoneka) cia mburi kana nguku).
8) Ongera matigari ja imera nusu mita
9) Ikira lita ingi ithano cia muju
10) Ongera matigari ja imera kairi mwanka kirinya
kiende kuujura
11) Mutia, ikira muthetu mwanka kirinya kiujure
12) Ukiujuria kirinya na muthetu, tonyithia muti
jumuraja gatigati ga kirinya mwanka jukinye
nthiguru buru.
13) Tigana na kirinya giki ntuku mirongo kenda (mieri
ithatu)
14) . Igitene riri tumira ruuji rwaku rwa ruko gwikira
boleo. Mung’uanano, warikia kuthambia nyomba
kana nguo ciaku, ituura ruuji ruru ugutumagira
kirinyene. Kethira urina ndithia ituura maumago
jacio iguru ria kirinya.
15) Geria wikagire kirinya kiu ruuji na njira iji ntuku
cionthe kana oriria ruuji rurio.
16) Ntuku mirongo kenda ciathira, mboleo ikethira
iri tayari. Tumira muti kuthima mwanki – mboleo
yayia no mwanka ithirwe irina mwanki mwanka
toi yoneke ikiumaga mutine wajurita ku.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kikuyu Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Uhoro mwega:TIST niicaguritwo iri namba 1 hari honge iria ciniinaga carbon thiini
wa thi yothe. Page 2
TIST: Gutema miti ya TIST ni kuna watho wa TIST values na Greenhouse Gas
Contract. Nigutumaga miturire ya arimi angi a TIST ithuke. Page 3
TIST Thiini wa Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Unoru wa tiiri. Page 5
Inside:
KIKUYU VERSION 2
ARIMI KWONANIA NOMAGIRITHIE MARIA
MATURIGICIIRIENAMATEITHIE THI YOTHE.
Thiini wa Tulsa, Oklahama, USA, kuri 30 June,
2014 – The International Small Group and Planting
Program (TIST) niyacagurirwo iri namba 1 hari
kueheria na kunina carbon hari utuiriauriia wekirwo
ni Enviromental Finance. Gukuuranwo guku,
gucagurwo ni athomi a thoko ya carbon thi yothe
nikwonanitie maundu maria arimi a TIST
makoretwo makiamukira kumana na kuruta wira
hamwe hari kuhanda miti na guthomithania maundu
megii kwagirithia miturire.
Enviromental Finance ni ngathiti ya online iria
yambiriirie mwaka wa 1999 niguo kuheana uhoro
wa wonjorithia, green finance ohamwe na
kumurika honge iria cikoragwo thoko-iniino ya
carbon. TIST niyo yabere hari honge ici
gukuuranwo ni Enviromental Finance.
TIST ni urimi, uhandi wa miti, uthii wanambere
na kwehutia carbon iria ikoragwo thiini wa Kenya,
Uganda, India na Tanzania. Tisti yambiriirio iri ya
murimi munini na ungihota kuhanda na gutungata
miti kuria kuhinyiririku niguo agirithie mugunda.
Njira ino niininaga mathina mucii na ikagirithia
maria maturigiciirie na utemi wa miti, biodiversity
kuninwo, imamo cia nyamu na ugaruruku wa riera.
Ngatho nyingi hari uhotani uyu ciagiriirwo niguthii
kuri arimi a TIST, uu niguo Ben Henneke, umwe wa
aria mambiriirie TIST augire. “arimi aya monganagia
mbegu, magathondeka nathari, makahanda miti na
makamiiga iri muoyo kuri na riua, makariithia mahiu,
arimi a TIST ni a magegania muno. Nimaretiira
umithio wa miti yao ohamwe na kugia na maria
maturigiciirie mega. Ngerenwa ino irakurana wira
muritu uria urutitwo ni makiria ma arimi 70,000
aria marahanda miti, magithomithanagia na
guteithania”
“Kunina mititu niyo njira imwe yak i-mundu
ya kuongerera CO2, na arimi anini ni amwe a aria
mahutagio ni ugaruruku wa riera,” Henneke agithii
na mbere. “hari miaka 14 mihetuku, atumia na athuri
makiria a TIST nimoete makinya ma gucokereria
miti na kwagirithia migunda yao na matuura.
Kuhitukira githimi kiega kia gukura kwa miti yao
na magathondekanjira ya kwona mbeca kuhitukira
kwendia carbon credits. Carbon credits ici
ciendagrio cabuni na andu aria marenda guteithia
mawira ma arimi a TIST”
Carbon credits cia TIST ciakuma India, Kenya
na Uganda cithuthuragio ni Verified Carbon
Standards(VCS) na Climate, Community &
Biodiversity(CCB) hamwe na “Gold” Level.“wendia
wa credits ici ci kirathi kia iguru cia TIST riu
niukoretwoukinyitirira miena ino na niyagirwo
guthii n mbere guteithia kwa miaka ingi 25-30, “
Henneke akiuga. Hari na kigina makiria kia
gutheremia, nituguthii na mbere na kwirugamirira
hari mutaratara uyu.
Arimi a TIST nimonnanitie ati riria twahuthira
njira njeru na cia ki-riu, kuhanda miti mthemba
miingi, kuruga na riiko ritarahuthira ngu nyingi na
kuiyukia njira njega cia ugima wa mwiri. Uthuthuria
wa ica ikuhi niwonanitie ati umithio uria arimi
makoretwo naguo niukirite garama ya gutwarithia
TIST na mbere.
Henneke ningi niaugire “nitunyitaniire na
USAID Kenya makiria ma miaka 5 niguo gutheremia
TIST Kenya niguo arimi makiria na muno atumia
na mbeu njithi magie na umithio muiingi na
meteithie, magirithie biodiversity na utheru wa
maai na kugitira mititu. Uteithio wa USAID thiini
wa Kenya ningi niuteithitie andu angi kuma
mabururi mangi riria mitaratara mieru iria
ithondekeirwo Kenya yathomithio arimi angi.TIST
niyonanitie ati riria wagirithia matuura hamwe na
thi yothe niguo uthondekaga njira nyingi cia
Uhoro mwega:TIST niicaguritwo iri namba 1 hari
honge iria ciniinaga carbon thiini wa thi yothe.
KIKUYU VERSION 3
uthondeki wa mbeca. Turi na makiria ma 1billion
acre cia migunda iria itari mirime na irabatra
kuhandwo miti,TIST niyonanitie ati “Payments for
Enviromental Services” kuri arimi nokunyihie
greenhouse gases na gikiro kinene muno na
guthondeka mibango yak i-riu ya “Low carbon”
Charlie Williams, Vece President wa Clean Air
Action Corporation (CAAC) akiuga “gwa kahinda
ka miaka 14 tukoretwo na maundu matatu ma
mbere: wa mbere ati arimi aria maingira TIST
nimagia na miturire miega kuhitukira wira wao. Wa
keeri, ati CAAC niiguthondeka mutaratara wa
kurumirira niguo ihote guthima maciaro
makinyaniru na wa gatatu, ati maciaro mao
nimatuika njira ya kwona mbeca kuri o.
Kuri May 2011, mutaratara wa TIST niguo wari
wa mbere thiini wa thi kurikia certification cia VCS
na CCB na riu niurikitie mutaratara ucio maita 14.
Williams akiuga. “ nitukenete nigukorwo na
customers marakuurana ati technical experience
na umithio wa mundu uria umanaga na Tist tonnes.
Eeri a customer aya a bata ni The Carbon Neutral
Company, na Microsoft aria onao makoretwo na
ngerenwa kuma kuri Enviromental Finance.The
Carbon Neutral Company niyacagurirwo iria njega
muno “The Best Offset Retailler” na Microsoft
igicagurwo “The Best Corporate Offset
Programme.” TIST niithiite nambere na gutherema
tondu kuri na arimi milioni nyingi aria marenda
kuingira. Nitwetereire kugia na kigina gia kuhota
gukinyaniria meririria ma arimi niguo tuhote
kuhurana na ugaruruku wa riera.
Mweri muhetuku, nitwaririe uhoro wa
utemi wa miti thiini wa GOCC semina iria ya Gitoro
kuri June 2014, thutha wa gukunguira TIST-USAID
partnership ya miaka 5.
Mweri uuyu, nituramuirikania uhoro wa last
month niguo kumuthomithia na kuigua maeoni
manyu uria tungihota kunina utemi wa miti.
Utongoria wa TIST niwathurire Charles Ibeere
(0720 474209) niguo arutithanie wira na atongoria
a TIST hamwe na arimi niguo uhoro uru wariririo
wega.
Niwega kumenya ati contract ya Green
House Gas, iria arimi othe a TIST mekirite kirore
yugite ati arimi magiriirwo nikuiga miti iri muoyo
gwa kahinda karaihu. Niitikiritie arimi kuhurura miti
na gutagania (angikorwo niikuhaniriirie) kana
gutema gicunji kia 5% kia miti ya gikundi rria yakinyia
miaka 10.
Mawatho maya nimathiite na mbere
nakuhuthika thiinwa tabaarira ya carbon. Aguri a
carbon nimendaga kuona miti iria maragura carbon
credits kuma kuri yo iri muoyo. Riria arimi matema
miti yao, aguri aya nimaregaga kugura carbon credits
icio kuma kundu kuu tondu gutuikaga kuri na ugwati.
Giki nikio gitumi arimi magiriirwo nigutiga
gutema miti niguo carbon credits ciao cigurwo.
Kuri na maundu mangi ningi. Murimi uria watema
muti akoretwo akiamukira githomo, utari wa miti
na ngathiti ya MB. Mahuthiro maria mari make
matwaragirwo arimi aria angi.
Ta kiririkania uhoro wigii maundu maria
GOCC yaugire niikurumirira, araniria na Charles
(0720474209) uhoro wigii:
a) Mawoni ma arimi aria angi thiini wa micemanio
ya cluster uhoro wigii makinya maria
makwoerwo aria matema miti.
b) Uria arimi aria matema miti maririhaga aria angi
niguo uhoro ucio unyihanyihe.
TIST: Gutema miti ya TIST ni kuna watho wa
TIST values na Greenhouse Gas Contract.
Nigutumaga miturire ya arimi angi a TIST ithuke.
KIKUYU VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Mwandiki: William Mwito, Ndungata ya Tist Cluster
Ithui, arimi a TISIT kuma Igembe South turi na gikeno
tukimenyithania ati maundu maria tuhotanite ni
maingi kumana na gukorwo turi thiini wa tabaarira
iro ya TIST. Maya nao ni;
1. Nitwamukagira githomo o mweri kuma kuri
ndugata cia cluster na kuamukira ngathiti ya o
mweri ya Mazingira Bora. Njira ino
niituteithitie kwongerera maciaro ma mbembe,
matunda na irio ingi. Nituthomete kwagirithia
migunda iitu, kugitira tiiri, kwongerera unoru.
Nituthomete maundu ta Kilimo Hai na
guthondeka thumu.
2. Arimi aria mari ruui-ini nimathomithagio
kugitira njuui. Njira ino niitigiriire ati kuri na
maai maingi kur nyamu na andu. Makiria,
nitugitirite migunda iitu kumana na kuhinjio
gwa tiiri.
3. Values ciaTIST na utongoria wa
guthiururukana tukirora muno atumia
niciteithitie hari kwagirithia matuura maitu na
miikarire. Athuri na atumia makoragwo na
mieke iiganaine thiini wa utongoria niguo
maheane na kuruithie iheo ciao wira kuri aria
aangi.
4. Mikahuro kumana na uhandi wa miti ya TIST
nicitumite miturire ya arimi aingi muno
igaruruke. Thiini wa cluster imwe arimi
nimeyumbite niguo makorwo na itati na
meteithie makiria.
5. Uhuthiri wa mariiko ma TIST nimateithagia
kwongerera miti tondu ti miingi iratemwo
niundu wa ngu. Mariiko maya nimongereire
ugima wa mwiri wa andu tondu matirutaga
ndogo nyingi na kwa uguo ciana cigakorwo
ciri ngitire muno.
TIST Thiini wa Igembe.
Mwandiki ni William Mwito, muruti wa wira wa cluster ya TIST
KIKUYU VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Tiiri ni kii?
Tiiri ni mwen wan a-iguru wa thi. Ukoragwo na
riera, maai na unoru hamwe na minerals.
Tiiri uthondekagwo atia?
Gwatukanga na kumumuthuka kwa mahiga nikuo
guthondekaga tiiri uria uhotithagia mimera gukura.
Mimera ningi niyongagirirwo tiiri-ini. Riria mahiga
makiria mamumuthuka, noguo tiiri muingi
uthondekagwo kwa uguo maai maingi nimakuigwo
tiiri-ini na kwongerera gukura kwa mimera.
Nikii organic matter iri ya bata?
Organic matter (Iria ithondekagwo muno kumana
na kubutha kwa mimera) niurutaga unoru muingi
uria woyagwo ni mimera na ikanyitirira miturire
ya indo cia tiiri-ini iria cikoragwo na umithio muingi
kuri tiiri na ukauteithia kugia na hinya na kuhotithia
maai gutonya thiini.
Nikii kimenyithanagia muthemba wa tiiri?
• Riera: Urugari na maai riria cioneka
nicikoragwo na effect kuri kumumuthuka kwa
mahiga.
• Organisms: Bacteria, fungi na minyongoro ni
imwe cia iria ciikaraga tiiri-ini. Imwe
nicinnyitaga itemi hari gutukania tiiri ta
earthworms. Organisms cia tiiri niciteithagia
kubutha na gueithia mimera.
• Topography: Uria mugunda uikare. Kwa
muhiano, tiiri uri kundu kuinamu niukoragwo
uri muceke na ugakuuo ni maai na-ihenya
gukira tiiri ungi uri kundu kuigananu.
• Parent material: Muthemba wa mahiga maria
mathondekete tiiri.
• Human Behaviour: Uria tuhuthagira na
kumenyerera tiiri witu niutumaga unoru
ukorwo uria uri.
Uria tiiri uhana kuringanaga na muigaa wa muthanga,
silt na clay uuthondekete. Diagram ino ironania
mithemba ngurani ya tiiri. Muthemba wa tiiri
niwonanagia uria miri ingiingira tiiri-ini na muigana
wa maai uria ungiimgira thi.
Bata wa soil pH nikii?
Uria tiiri uri na acini na alkali niyo pH na niyugaga
nutrients iria iri tiiri-ini na muthemba wa tiiri uria
ungikorwo mwena ucio na unyitirirwo wega.
Nutrients nyingi cia tiiri nicikoragwo na uhoti wa
kumumuthuka na kwa uguo cigateithia kuiyukio ni
mimera riria tiiri uri na acid gukira riria uri na alkali.
Ona kuri o uguo, angikorwo tiiri uri na acid nyingi
noguo bacteria nyingi citangikura na organic matter
cikaremwo ni kubutha.Tiiri muingi uria wa iguru
ukoragwo na pH ya 5.5-7.5 na ukoragwo na rangi
muiru.
Tiiri munoru ni uriku?
Tiiri uria munoru ni uria ukoragwo na nutrients
iria cibataranagia hari gukura kwa mimera.
• Primary nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus,
potassium
• Secondary nutrients: sulphur, magnesium,
calcium
• Micronutrients: iron, manganese, boron,
chlorine, zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel
Maundu ma kwongerera tiiri unoru.
• Ongerera nitrogen(na njira ya thumu muigu)
ohamwe na phosphorus(na njira ya mahiga).
• Ungania na uhuthire thumu wa mahiu na
mathugumo. Uyu ukoragwo uri mwega riria
wabutha. Uria utar mubuthu noukorwo na
ammonia nyingi(iria ingithukia mimera).
Thumu uyu niukoragwo na pathogens nini.
Ungihuthira utari mubuthu, huthira utari
muingi na uutige gwa kahinda ka mieri 2 .
• Ongerera organic matter kuhitukira
composting
• Huthira njira iria njega na hitukie.
o Kuhanda mithemba miingi ya irio hamwe
na gucenjania imera.
o Kuhanda miti mugunda-ini wa irio
o Gutiga mahuti mabuthire mugunda
o Kuhuthira marima ma Kilimo Hai.
o Nyihia erosion na kuhanda miti, kwenja
terraces kana fanya juu.
• Huthira intercropping na Pigeon pea (Cajanus
cajan), Dolichos lablab, Mucuna pruriens,
Crotalaria, Canavalia.
• Ongerera muhu, uria I ukoragwo na calcium
na potassium carbonate.
• Ongerera lime anbatarikgikorwo tiiri waku
niukoragwo na acid nyingi.
• Niwega kwaga kwongerera minerals (tiga iria
cikoragwo thumuini) utarorete tiiri wega
niguo wone kana nicirabatarikana.
• Nikuri hiingo wagiriirwo nikuongerera
inorganic chemicals fertilizers. Huthira
kuringana na mawatho ma athondeki na
ataalamu a maundu egii tiiri.
TIST: Unoru wa tiiri.
KIKUYU VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
Composting
Compost manure ni thumu utari wa fertilizer uria
uteothagia mimera gukura. Niukoragwo urimwega
gukira wa chemical tondu ni wa ki-nduire na
nduthukagia mimera na maria maturigiciirie.
Composting ni nnjira imwe ya iria huthu makiria
na citari na mahuthiro maingi cia kwongerera unoru
wa tiiri.
Nikii kingihuthika hari guthondeka compost?
• Matigari ma irio, riia, mahuti na mahuti ma miti,
main a mathugumo ma mahiu, irio cia nyumba
matunda, muhu na maratahi .
• Ndukahuthire nyama, daily products, fats, oil
Cuma kana plastic.
Maundu maria wagiriirwo nikurumirira riria
urathondeka compost.
• Huthira handu hari na kiiruru.
• Humbira na marigu kana plastic
• Itiriria maai riria kuri na riua.
• Gitira kumana na mbura(iria ingithambia unoru
wothe)
• Ta njira ici, tigirira;
o 1/3 “green vegetation” (nyeki, matunda,
mboga, makorogoca, makoni, thumu, riia
na mimera)
o 1/3 ‘brown vegetation’ mahuti momu,
straw, nuura, cardboard na matigari ma irio)
o 1/3 indo nene ta miti
o Tigirira niwahuthira indo citari nambegu
na ndukahuthire kindu kiri na murimu.
o Iganirira indo ici hamwe na ndugakindire.
• Itiriria indo icio maai,humbira na utige niguo
cibuthe gwa kahnda ka mieri ta iiri. Nouikare
ugitukanagia indo icio.
• Indo icio cingiambiriria kununga, nikuga ati ciri
na maai maingi kana green vegetation ni nyingi,
ongerera brown vegetation na utukanie.
• Geria gukorwo na indo ici ciothe niguo
utukanie, uitiririe maai na uhumbire na utigie
2-3 months mbere ya mbura niguo ukorwo uri
mwega ukihanda.
• Thumu uyu wagiriirwo gukorwo uri wa brown
na unyitanite. No ucunge thumu niguo wehutie
giko na ukoro na mutukanio mwega.
Ikundi imwe cia TIST nicihuthagira njira ngurani na
makona ciri njega na magataariria haha.
Kuhariria compost manure na TIST groups
1) Hariria handu ha 4mx4m ha kwenja irima.
2) Theria handu hau.
3) Enja irima ria 3-4m na 1.5 uriku.
4) Ungania matigari mothe ma irio na umatinangie
tunini tunini( muhiano mahuti ma mabebe,
muhia na mboco)
5) Itirira mahuti macio irima-ini na utigie 0.5m.
6) Ikira 5l cia muhu
7) Ongerera 30cm mai ma mahiu.
8) Ikira mahuti mangi.
9) Ikira 5l cia muhu ingi.
10) Ikira mahuti nginya uihurie mahuti nginya
uihurie irima.
11) Muthia, ikira tiiri nginya iguru.
12) Riria uraihuria tiiri, ikira muti miraihu gatagati
niguo ukinye thi.
13) Eterera thumu waku matuku 90 kannaa
(3months)
14) Gwa kahinda gaka, huthira maai mari na giko
gwikira irima-ini. Kwa muhiano, thtutha wa
guthambia nyumba, nguo huthira maai macio
kana mathuguma ma mahiu.
15) Itiriria irima maai o muthenya na njira ino kana
riria maai monekana.
Thutha wa 90days thumu waku niugukorwo uri
mwega. Huthira muti uria uhandite gatagati ta
thermometer – riria thumu wagira niwagiriirwo
nigukokorwo uri muhiu na waruta muti ucio.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kiswahili Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Habari njema:TIST imechaguliwa kuwa mradi unaoshughulikia
kusafisha hewa bora zaidi katika dunia nzima. Page 2
Kukata miti yote katika mashamba ya TIST ni kukiuka maadili ya TIST na mkataba
wa GhG wenye athari kubwa sana. Unadhuru matendo mazuri ya maelfu ya wakulima
katika TIST. Page 3
Mradi wa TIST eneo la Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Rutuba ya udongo. Page 5
Inside:
KISWAHILI VERSION 2
WAKULIMA WA MASHAMBA MADOGO
WATHIBITISHA KUWA WANAWEZA KUBORESHA
MAZINGIRA YAO NA KUSAIDIA SAYARI HII
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A., Juni tareha
thelathini, 2014 – Mradi unaoitwa The International
Small Group and Tree Planting Program (TIST)
ulichaguliwa kuwa mradi bora zaidi katika kusafisha
hewa katika utafiti wa dunia nzima uliofanywa na
Environment Finance.. Utambuzi huu uliopigiwa
kura na wasomi waliopo katika soko la kaboni
katika ulimwengu mzima, ulitambua faida nyingi
wanazopata wakulima katika TIST kutokana na
kufanya kazi pamoja ya kupanda miti, na kuunda na
kugawana na wengine njia bora za kufanya mambo
ambazo huboresha maisha yao
Environmental Finance ni huduma ya habari
na uchambuzi kupitia tovuti iliyoanzishwa mwaka
elfu moja mia tisa tisini na tisa ikiwa ya kuripoti
uwekezaji endelevu, fedha kutokana na mimea na
watu na kampuni zinazojishughulisha katika
masoko ya kimazingira.TIST ni mradi wa kusafisha
hewa wa kwanza kutambulika na huduma hii ya
Environment Finance.
TIST ni mradi wa kilimo, upandaji miti,
maendeleo na uuzaji wa kaboni unaofanya kazi
Kenya, India, Uganda na Tanzania.TIST ilianzishwa
na na kwa sababu ya wakulima wenye mashamba
madogo na wanaolima chakula wanaopanda miti
katika mashamba yaliyodhoofika ili kuboresha
maisha yao na kuboresha usalama wa chakula. Kazi
yao inashughulikia pia masuala ya kienyeji, ya
kikanda nay a kimataifa yanayohusu mazingira kama
ukataji misitu, kupotea kwa bionuwai, kuzoea na
mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa.
“Wanaofaa kupongezwa kwa matokeo mazuri
ya mradi huu ni wakulima wa TIST”, Ben Henneke,
mmoja wa waanzishi wa TIST alisema. “Wakulima
hawa wa TIST hukusanya mbegu, kutengeza vitalu,
kupanda miche na kuiweka hai wakati wa kiangazi,
mafuriko, na uvamizi wa ng’ombe, mbuzi na ndovu.
Wakulima wa TIST ni kikundi cha watu chenye
msukumo wa kiajabu. Wanajivunia faida miti yao
inaleta katika maisha yao na mazingira ya dunia
nzima. Zawadi hii ni ya kazi ngumu iliyofanywa na
wakulima zaidi ya elfu sabini wanaopanda miti,
kugawana taarifa, kupima matokeo na kusaidia
wakulima wengine.”
“Ukataji miti katika maeneo yalio na mvua
nyingi ni chanzo moja kubwa zaidi la hewa chafu
inayosababishwa na binadamu, na wakulima wadogo
ni pamoja na wengine wale wanaodhuriwa zaidi
na kubadika kwa hewa, “ aliendelea Henneke.
“Katika miaka iliyopita kumi na nne, wanawake na
wanaume zaidi katika TIST wamechukua hatua
kubadili ukataji wa misitu na kuboresha mashamba
yao na yale yalio katika jamii zao. Kwa kupima ukuzi
wa miti kwa umakini wametengeneza mmea wa
kuleta fedha usioonekana- kaboni inayowekwa
katika miti. Hewa hii iliyotolewa na iliyopimwa
huuziwa makampuni, mashiriki na pia watu
wanaotaka kuhamasisha jitihada za wakulima katika
TIST”. Kaboni ya TIST kutoka India, Kenya na
Uganda ilihakikishwa na kuthibitishwa na VCS na
CCB pamoja na ngazi ya dhahabu. “Mauzo ya tani
hizi za TIST za hali ya juu sasa hushikilia maeneo
yaliyopo na zafaa kuendelea kuleta faida miaka
ishirini na tano hadi thelathini ifuatayo,” alisema
Henneke. “Kukiwa na fedha nyongeza za kuanzia,
tutaendelea kurudia mchakato huu unaojishikilia
wenyewe.”
Wakulima katika TIST wameonyesha kuwa
matumizi ya njia mpya za kilimo, kupanda miti ya
aina mbali mbali, kutumia meko ya kusalimisha
nishati, na kuanza mazoezi mapya bora kiafya yana
athari kubwa sana kwa mapato na afya ya familia.
Masomo ya hivi karibuni kuhusu kudhibitishwa na
kupitishwa mara nyingi yameonyesha kuwa faida
wanazopata wakulima zinazidi kwa umbali gharama
ya kuendeleza mradi.
Henneke aliongeza, “Tumefanya kazi pamoja
na USAID-Kenya miaka mitano iliyopita ya kueneza
TIST katika Kenya ili wakulima zaidi wajiunge nayo,
sana sana wanawake na vijana, ili wapate faida,
waboreshe bionuwai na usfi wa maji, na kulinda
misitu. Usaidizi wa USAID nchini Kenya umefaidisha
wakulima katika kila nchi wakati njia bora za
kufanya mambo huanzishwa Kenya na kupitishwa
kutoka kwa mkulima hadi kwa mwingine. TIST
Habari njema:TIST imechaguliwa kuwa mradi unaoshughulikia
kusafisha hewa bora zaidi katika dunia nzima.
KISWAHILI VERSION 3
Mwezi uliopita, tulijadili kuhusu ukataji miti
yote katika semina ya GOCC iliyofanyika Gitoro
mwezi juni mwaka 2014, mara moja baada ya
sherehe za ushirikiano wenye mafanikio wa miaka
mitano kati ya TIST na USAID.
Mwezi huu, tunabeba kumbusho la makala
mwezi uliopita tukiitisha taarifa na fikira kutoka kwa
wakulima wa TIST kuhusu mawazo bora zaidi
yatayosaidia kumaliza kabisa ukataji miti yote.
Chama cha Uongozi wa TIST kilimchagua Charles
Ibeere (0720 474209) kufanya kazi ya karibu na
viongozi katika cluster, wawakilishi katika GOCC
na wakulima katika TIST kushughulikia suala hili.
Ni muhimu kujua kuwa kandarasi ya GhG ambayo
wakulima wote wa TIST walitia saini, ina mkataba
wa wakulima wa kuweka miti kwa muda mrefu.
Inaruhusu tu wakulima kupunguza miti (ikiwa
imekaribiana sana), kukata matawi ili kupata kuni,
na kukata miti hadi asili mia tano ya miti iliyo katika
kikundi kila mwaka miti inapfikisha miaka kumi au
zaidi.
Kanuni hii ni muhimu ili kuendelea kuhusika
katika mradi wa kaboni. Wanunuzi wa kaboni
huhitaji uhakika kwamba miti ambayo wananunulia
kaboni ipo hai.Ambapo wakulima hukata miti yao,
wanunuzi wa kaboni hukataa kila wakati
kuwanunulia kwani wao huona ni kufanya kazi
yenye hatari kubwa. Hii ndio sababu tendo la
wakulima wachache wanaokiuka kanuni hii laweza
kuwafanya wanunuzi wa kaboni kukataa
kuwanunulia wakulima wengine katika TIST.
Kumekuwa pia na wasi wasi zinginezo.
Mkulima anayekata miti yake yote amekuwa
akipata mafunzo ya TIST, kuhesabiwa miti na kupata
gazeti la Mazingira Bora. Gharama hizi zote
zilizotumika kwake upitishwa kwa wakulima
wengine.
Kama kumbusho, kuhusu hatua GOCC walizoamua
kuchukua, tafadhali ongea na Charles (0720 474209)
kuhusu:
a) Mawazo ya wakulima wengine katika mikutano
ya TIST kuhusu hatua zinazofaa kuchukuliwa
kwa wanaokata miti yote.
b) Jinsi mkulima aliyekata miti yote anafaa
kuwafidia wakulima wengine ili kuwaepusha
kutokana na hasara katika biashara ya kaboni.
yaonyesha kuwa kuboresha mazingira ya karibu nay
a dunia huleta mapato na nafasi zaidi. Kukiwa na
zaidi ya bilioni moja ya mashamba yaliyodhoofika
yanayohitaji kurejeshwa, TIST inaonyesha kuwa
kuanzisha huduma ya kulipia kazi zinazosaidia
mazingira za wakulima katika nchi zenye mvua
nyingi kwaweza kupunguza kwa kasi gesi
zinazoongeza joto duniani na kutupa wakati wa
kuendeleza na kuhakikisha njia zingine za
kiteknolojia zinazotoa kaboni kidogo zaidi.”
Charlie Williams, Makamu wa raisi wa shirika
la Clean Air Action Corporation (CAAC), alisema,
“Katika miaka kumi nan ne iliyopita tumekuwa na
wasi wasi za aina tatu za kimsingi: Kwanza, kuwa
wakulima waliojiunga na TIST wanajiboreshea
maisha kupitia kazi zao. Pili, kuwa CAAC
itatengeneza mifumo na michakato ya kufuatilia
mambo ili kupima kwa usahihi na uwazi matokeo
yao. Na tatu, kuwa matokeo yao yaliyopimwa
yatafanya chanzo kipya cha mapato kwao.” Mwezi
wa tano 2011, mradi wa TIST ulikuwa wa kwanza
katika dunia kukamilisha na kutunikiwa na VCS na
CCB na sasa umemaliza mchakato huu mara kumi
na nne. Williams aliongeza, “Tuna furaha kuwa na
wateja wanaotambua ubora wa kiteknolojia na faida
za kibinadamu ambazo huletwa na ununuzi wa
kaboni hii ya TIST. Wawili kati ya wateja hawa ni ,
The Carbon Neutral Company, na Microsoftambao
pia wametunukiwa zawadi kutoka kwa Environment
Finance. , The Carbon Neutral Company
ilichaguliwa kuwa “Mnunuzi mdogo bora zaidi wa
kaboni” na Microsoft ilichaguliwa kuwa “. TIST
inaendelea kurudia na kupanuka kwa sababu kuna
mamilioni ya wakulima wanaotaka kujiunga nayo.
Tunangoja sana kupata pesa zitakazosaidia kufikia
mahitaji ya wakulima hao, na kuongeza athari yenye
faida ya TIST kwa mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa.”
nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn
Kukata miti yote katika mashamba ya TIST ni
kukiuka maadili ya TIST na mkataba wa GhG
wenye athari kubwa sana. Unadhuru matendo
mazuri ya maelfu ya wakulima katika TIST.
KISWAHILI VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Sisi, wakulima wa TIST kutoka Igembe Kusini,
tunafaraha tukiripoti mafanikio yetu yaliyotokana
na kujiunga na mradi wa TIST. Haya ni pamoja na
bali si tu:
1. Tunapata mafunzo ya kila mwezi kutokana na
watumishi wa cluster pamoja na kupata gazeti
la kila mwezi linaloitwa Mazingira Bora. Haya
ni lili kutusaidia kuongeza uzalishaji wa
mashamba yetu katika mahindi, matunda na
mimea mingine. Tumefunzwa kupanga
mashamba yetu vizuri zaidi, kudhibiti
mmomonyoko wa udongo, kuongeza rutuba ya
udongo, kulima kwa njia ya Kilimo hai na
kutengeneza mbolea ya majani.
2. Wakulima wanaopakana na mito hufunzwa
kuhifadhi maeneo yaliyo kando ya mito.
Mafunzo haya huhakikisha uwepo wa maji safi
tosha kila wakati kwa sababu ya mifugo yetu
na matumizi yetu ya nyumbani. Kuongeza,
tunalinda mashamba yetu kutokana na
kudhoofika kwa kila wakati kwani
mmomonyoko wa udongo unadhibitika.
3. Maadili ya TIST na uongozi wa mzunguko
unaofikiria kuwapa wake na waume nafasi sawa
umesaidia sana kubadilisha jamii yetu. Wake,
waume na vijana wana nafasi sawa za uongozi,
kuonyeshana na kupitisha vipaji vyao vya
uongozi, kujenga imani kati yao na kuleta
mawazo mapya kwa maendeleo na ukuzi wetu.
4. Motisha za miti kutoka kwa TIST zimesaidia
kubadilisha maisha ya wakulima wengi. Katika
baadhi ya cluster, wakulima hujipanga kufanya
benki kati yao, kutembeleana na hivyo basi
kuzidisha usaidizi unaomfikia mkulima.
5. Matumizi ya meko ya kuokoa nishati husaidi
kuongeza miti ilio hai kwani ni miti michache
hukatwa kuwa kuni. Meko haya yamesaidia
sana kuboresha afya na usalama kwani moshi
ni kidogo na huelekezwa nje ya eneo la
kupikia kila wakati, na usalama wa watoto
katika eneo la kupikia huongezeka sana.
Mradi wa TIST eneo la Igembe.
Umeletewa na William Mwito, mtumishi katika cluster ya TIST
KISWAHILI VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Udongo ni nini?
Udongo ni safu ya juu zaidi ya ardhi. Udongo una hewa,
maji, viumbe hai na madini.
Udongo utengenezwa aje?
Kuvunjika kwa miamba ya mawe hutoa madini
yanayoshikilia maisha ya mimea. Mimea ndipo huongezwa
udongoni kama viumbe hai. Jinsi mawe zaidi
yanavyovunjwa na mabaki ya viumbe hai zaidi kuongezwa
ndivyo maji mengi zaidi yaweza kushikiliwa katika
udongo, na kuendelea kuboresha ukuzi wa mimea.
Mbona mabaki ya viumbe hai ni muhimu?
Viumbe hai (sana sana kutokana na kuoza na kutengana
kwa mimea) hutoa virutubisho vingi, vinavyopatikana ili
kuchukuliwa na mimea mipya. Pia hushikilia maisha ya
vijidudu vyenye faida vilivyopo katika udong, husaidia
maji kuingia udongoni na pia husaidia kushikilia udongo
pamoja.
Ni nini huamua aina ya udongo unaopatikana?
• Hali ya hewa: joto pamoja na uwepo wa maji
huathiri wepesi wa kuvunjika kwa mawe.
• Viumbe hai: bakteria, kuvu na minyoo pamoja na
viumbe hai vinginevyo vinavyoishi katika udongo.
Baadhi yavyo hufanya kazi muhimu ya
kuchanganya udongo kama minyoo. Viumbe hai
katika udongo husaidia kuvunja vunja viumbe hai
na vingine husaidia kuingiza naitrojeni udongoni
(kwa mfano Rhizobium bacteria).
• Sura ya ardhi: Kwa mfano, udongo katika miteremko
ni kondefu zaidi kwa ujumla kuliko udongo uliopo
katika mabonde.
• Mawe ulipotoka udongo: aina ya jiwe udongo
ulipotoka.
• Tabia ya binadamu: tunavyotumia na kuhudumia
udongo wetu huathiri rutuba kwa ukubwa.
Udongo unavyohisika kwa mkono hulingana na ni
kiwango kipi cha mchanga, silt na clay kilichopo. Picha
iliyopo kwa ukurasa unaofuata inaonyesha aina za
udongo tukifuatilia unavyohisika kwa mkono. Udongo
unavyohisika kwa mkono na ulivyojengwa huathiri
wepesi ambao mizizi itaingia kwa udongo na kiwango
cha maji kinachowekwa.
Ni kwa nini PH ya udongo ni muhimi?
Jinsi udongo una acidi au chokaa (PH) huathiri
virutubisho vilivyopo ili kutumiwa na mimea na vijidudu
vipi katika udongo vyaweza kuishi. Kwa kijumla
virutubisho vingi katika udongo umumunyika (na hivyo
basi huwa tayari kuchukuliwa na mimea) katika udongo
wenye acidi ikilinganishwa na usio na chochote au
uliona chokaa.
Hata hivyo, ikiwa udongo una acidi nyingi sana, bakteria
haziwezi kuishi na jambo hili litaathiri kutenganishwa
kwa viumbe hai. Udongo wa juu mwingi ulio mzuri huwa
na PH ya kati ya 5.5 na 7.5 na huwa na rangi ya giza.
Udongo wenye rutuba ni upi?
Udongo wenye rutuba ni uliopo na virutubisho
vinavyohitajika ili mimea kuishi kwa wingi.
• Virutubisho vya kimsingi: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
• Virutubisho vya sekondari: sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Virutubisho vinavyotakikana kwa kiwango kidogo:
iron, manganese, boron, chlorine, zinc, copper,
molybdenum, nickel
Mikakati ya kuboresha rutuba ya udongo
• Fikiria kuongeza naitrojeni ( iliyopo katika mbolea
ya kijani iliyotokana na mimea inayoweka naitrojeni
udongoni) na Phosphorus ( iliyopo kama Rock
phosphate).
• Kusanya na utumie kinyesi na mikojo ya mifugo
yako. Hii ni bora zaidi ikiwa katika mbolea
iliyotengenezwa katika shimo. Vyanzo safi huwa na
ammonia nyingi zaidi (ambayo hudhuru mimea)
na vyaweza kuwa na vijidudu vingi zaidi (vijidudu
vinavyoleta magonjwa). Mbolea iliyotengenezwa
katika shimo huwa na wadudu wachache. Ikiwa
utatumia mbolea isiyokauka, tumia kidogo na ukae
kwa muda wa miezi miwili kabla ya kuweka tena.
• Ongeza viumbe hai kupitia kutengeneza mbolea
kama ilivyoelezwa hapa chini
• Tumia njia bora zaidi za kilimo hai kama ilivyoelezwa
katika makala ya hapo nyuma:
o Mzunguko wa mimea
o kulima mimea tofauti pamoja
o Kilimo mseto
o Planting leguminous cover crops Kupanda
mimea ya kufunika ardhi inayoongeza
naitrojeni udongoni
o Kuacha mashamba yakiwa hayajapandwa
misimu mingine
o o Kufunika ardhi kwa mimea
o Kutumia mashimo ya kilimo hai
o Kupunguza mmomonyoko wa udongo
unaosababishwa na maji kwa kupanda miti,
kuchimba mitaro
• Fikiria kupanda pamoja Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan),
Dolichos lablab, Mucuna pruriens, Crotalaria,
Canavalia.
• Fikiria kuongeza jivu kwani lina madini ya calcium
na potassium carbonate kwa wingi.
• Ongeza chokaa (lime) iwapo wajua udongo wako
una acidi kali
• Ni bora zaidi usiongeze virutubisho vingine
(isipokuwa vilivyopo katika mbolea) kabla ya
kupima udongo kwanza ili kuona ni virutubisho
na madini vinahitajika.
• Kuna wakati mwingine unahitajika kuongeza
mbolea ya viwandani. Tumia kama ilivyoelekezwa
na uulizie nizipi ni ni nzuri kwa mazingira ya eneo
lako kupitia kupata ushauri kutokana na
wasimamizi wa kilimo wako
TIST: Rutuba ya udongo.
KISWAHILI VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
Kutengeneza mbolea ya majani
Mboleo ya majani ni mbolea ya kiasilia ya kusaidia mimea
yako kukua. Ni bora zaidi ya mbolea za viwanda kwani
ni ya kiasili na haina athari za kuumiza mimea na
mazingira. Kuandaa mbolea hii ni moja ya njia zilizo
nyepesi, zenye gharama ndogo na bora zaidi za
kuboresha rutuba ya udongo.
Ni nini hutumika kutengeneza mbolea hii?
• Masali ya mimea, magugu, majani yaliyokauka, mimea
iliyokatwa, kinyezi na mikojo ya mifugo, matandiko
ya mifugo, chakula kilichobaki jikoni kutokana na
matunda na mboga, jivu, makaratasi yaliyokatwa na
mbao nyepesi
• Usitumie nyama, vitu vinavyotokana na mifugo,
mafuta, chuma au plastiki.
Mazoezi ya kijumla yaliyo bora zaidi katika
maandalizi ya mbolea hii:
• Chagua eneo lenye kivuli la kuchimba shimo lako
• Funikia kwa majani ya ndizi au kwa karatasi ya
plastiki
• Nyunyizia maji wakati wa kiangazi.
• Linda dhidi ya mvua (ambao hubeba virutubisho)
• Kama mwongozo wa kijumla, lenga:
o Sehemu moja kwa tatu ‘mimea ya kijani’ (nyasi
iliyokatwa, matunda, mboga, mabaki ya mayai,
mabaki ya mbegu za mafuta, magugu, mimea)
o Sehemu moja kwa tatu mimea iliyokauka
(majani makavu, nyasi iliyokauka, mabaki ya
mbao, mbao nyepesi na masalamadogo
madogo ya mimea)
o Sehemu moja kwa tatu vitu vizito kama matawi
yaliyokatwa na mabaki makubwa ya mimea.
o Hakikisha unatumia mimea ambayo haina
mbegu, na usitumie mimea iliyo na ugonjwa.
o Weka vitu hivi kwa safu au katika shimo. Hewa
huhitajika kutengeneza mbolea, kwa hivyo
changanya vitu hivi pamoja na usifinyilie chini
• Nyunyizia maji, funika na uache ili vitengane kwa
muda na miezi michache inayofuata. Waweza
kukuchanganya tena kila baada ya wakati.
• Ikiwa mbolea itakuwa yenye kuteleza au inayonuka
jinsi inavyoendelea, yaweza kuwa na maji mengi
sana au kuwa na mimea ya kijani mingi sana. Ongeza
mimea iliyokauka ili likionekana na uchanganye.
• Jaribu kuhakikisha masala yako yapo tayari
kuchanganywa, kuwekewa maji, kufunikwa na
kuachwa kwa miezi miwili au mitatu kabla ya msimu
wa mvua kuanza ili mbolea iwe tayari wakati wa
kupanda.
• Mbolea yafaa kuwa ya rangi ya kahawia na yenye
kuvunjika kwa urahisi inapokuwa tayari. Waweza
kutenganisha mboleo iliyo na vipande vidogo
vidogo na ile yenye vikubwa vikubwa, na kurudisha
yenye vipande vikubwa shimoni ili iwe tayari wakati
utakaofuata.
Baadhi ya vikundi vya TIST hutumia njia maalum zaidi
ambayo waliiona kuwa yenye ufanisi. Wameeleza
mchakato huo hapa chini:
Hatua za Maandalizi ya mboleo zinazotumika
na baadhi ya vikundi katika TIST:
1) Chagua eneo lenye upana wa mita nne na urefu
wa mita nne la kuchimba shimo lako la taka
2) Fagia sehemu hiyo
3) Chimba shimo la mduara lenye upana wa mita tatu
au nne na mita moja na nusu kina.
4) Kusanya masala yote ya mimea uliyo nayo na
uyakate kuwa sehemu ndogo ndogo (kwa mfano
majani na mashina ya mahindi, mtama, maharagwe)
5) Weka masala haya ya mimea katika shimo ilo hadi
kina cha nusu mita.
6) Halafu ongeza lita tano za jivu
7) Halafu uongeze centimita thelathini (ama kiwango
kiliopo) za kinyesi cha mifugo (kwa mfano kinyesi
cha nguruwe, ng’ombe, mbuzi au kuku).
8) Ongeza safu nyingine ya majani ya mimea na
mashina (nusu mita)
9) Ongeza lita zingine tano za jivu.
10) Ongeza majani na mashina tena hadi shimo likaribie
kujaa.
11) Hatimaye, ongeza safu ya udongo hadi shimo lijae.
12) Unapokuwa ukiweka udongo shimoni, ingiza fimbo
ndefu katikati mwa shimo hadi ifike chini ya shimo.
13) Liache shimo la taka kwa miezi mitatu (siku tisini).
14) Katika kipindi hiki tumia maji yako machafu kuweka
katika shimo hili. Kwa mfano, baada ya kuosha nguo
au nyumba, yamwage maji uliyotumia juu ya shimo.
Ikiwa una mifugo waweza pia kumwaga mikojo ya
mifugo juu ya shimo.
15) Jaribu kuweka maji kila siku kwa njia hii, ama wakati
maji yapo.
16) Baada ya siku tisini mbolea itakuwa tayari. Tumia
fimbo kama kipima joto – mbolea inapokuwa tayari
lazima iwe na joto na waweza kuona mvuke ukitoka
kwa fimbo hiyo baada ya kuitoa.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kikamba Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Uvoo munene: TIST kusakuwa kwithiwa neyo nzeo kwa walany’o wa nzeve itavisaa
(Carbon) nthi yonthe. Page 2
TIST: Kutema miti ngulutu yoothe ila nitalikite nthini wa TIST ni ikosa inene nundu
nuuvitya kwialana wiw’ano na walany’o wa TIST na nyumba sya ngilini sya nzeve. Ni
iumiasya memoko maseo ma makili ma aimi maTIST. Page 3
Walany’o wa TIST kisioni kya Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Unou wa muthanga. Page 5
Inside:
KIKAMBA VERSION 2
AIMI MA NIMA NINI KUIKIITHYA NIMATONYA
KWAILYA MAWITHYULULUKO MOO NA
KUTETHEESYA IKONYO INYA
SYA NTHI KWAILA.
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A. kwi matuku 30/06/2014
TIST ila ni (The International Small Group and Tree
Planting Program) nimasakuiwe kwithiwa nemo
mambee nduniani mena walany’o museo wa
kwailya mawithyululuko nthi yothe usakuani ula
weekiwe ni Environmental Finance. Kumanyikana
kuu kula kwanyuviweni asomi na maprovesa nthini
wa soko ya nzeve itavisaa nthi yothe, imoolotile
moseo ala aimi ma TIST makwataa kumanan na
kuthukuma vamwe kuvandani kwa miti na kiana
vamwe na kumayiany’a iulu wa mawalanyo maseo
undu wa kwailya mathayu moo.
Environmental Finance ni kisese kinyaiikasya
na kunengane mawoni kwa nzia ya internet ila
mambiie unengane livoti syoo kuma mwaka wa
1999 iulu wa kwambiia undu wa kwikalauendee,
ukwati wa ngilini, andu na kambuni ila syiyumitye
undu wa mawithyululuko. TIST niyo yambee
kwambiia kumanyikana ni ngwatanio ino ikwitwa
Environmental Finance.
TIST ni nima ya liu, uvandi wa mi, kwiana na
kuta nzeve itavisaa ila yina wia wayo Kenya, India,
Uganda na Tanzania. TIST niyambiie na aimi anini
ala mavandie miti kusiia muthanga kukuwa na
kwailya mathayu moo vamwe na kwithiwa na liu
wa kwiana. Meko moo methiitwa maialyula vala
mai, nthi syoo na nthi yonthe mawithyululuko
makasenzya nundu wakwithiwa kutemwa kwa miti,
kwaa ka mithemba ya tene, na nzeve kukeuka.
“Makukathiia nthini wa wailu wa walany’o uu
ni aimi ma Tist” Niw’o Ben Hennek ula ni umwe
wa ambiia ma TIST. “ Aimi aya nimo makolanasya
mbindi na ngii sya miti kivathukany’o makaseuvya
ivuio, makavanda na kumisuvia miti ona ivinda yila
kumu kana mbua ne mbingi, makamisuvia indo na
nyamu
kwananga nginya ikena.Aimi ma TIST ni andu amwe
ma kuthuthya muno. Nimeyoneaa na kwikanthiia
undu wa vaita ula makwataa kuma miti mathayuni
moo na mawithyululukoni. Muthinzio uyu
niwaumanyithya na kwinanya wia woo museo ula
mekite na aimi mbee wa 70,000 ala mavandite miti,
makataana na kuolelanila umanyi, kusyaiisya kuvikia
usyao na kutethya aimi angi”.
“Kwengwa kwa miti isioni sya Topical ni
kimwe kati ka ila iseuvitye nzeve itavisaa kuma
munduni, na aimi anini ni amwe kati wa aimi ala
methiitwe maikwata wasyo kumana na uvinduku
wa nzeve”, Henneke niwaendeeie na kuweta.“Kwa
myaka 14 iveti na aume aingi na aingi moo nimoosie
itambya ya kutungiia miunda yoo kwa kuvanda miti
na kwailya itheka sya mbai syoo. Kwa kuthima undu
miti yianite na kuseuvya ingi myeu undu wa “nima
ya useuvya mbesa syinekee kwa menyenyi” (“virtual
cash crop”) ila ni carbon offsets. Nzeve itavisaa
yateewa kambuni, ngwatanio na andu ala
mendaakuthuthya kithito kya aimi ma TIST”.
Nzeve itavisaa kuma India, Kenya na Uganda
nikunikilawa/kuthianwa na kuvitukithya kuvika
kiwango kya Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) na
Climate, Community & Biodiversity(CCB) kila
kivamwe na kiwango kya “Thaavu”. “kutewa kwa
nzeve ya katikati na kiwango kya TIST yu
nikikwatitwe mbau vyu isioni ila syivo na kuendeea
kuete vaita kwa myaka 25-30 yukite” Henneke
niwawetie. “Kwa kuendeea kuthathaa,
nitukuendeea na kwailya wiko uu wa kwiyikalya.
Ithagu ya 2 kwa 2
Aimi ma TIST nimonanitye kwa kutumia nzia
nzau sya nima undu wa kuvanda mithemba
kivathukany’o ya miti, kutumia maiko meu mausuvia
mwaki kuua, kutumia nzia nzeo sya kwikalya uima
wa mii ni kwithiitwe na uthyo na vaita munene kwa
misyi yoo nthini wa ukwati na uima woo. Nthini
wa ukunikili ula uneekiwe omituki wionanya kana
mauseo ala aimi makwataa kwisila walany’oni uyu
nimaingi kwi kila kyatumikie kwambiia walany’o
uyu.
Henneke niwongelile kwasya, “nitweethiiwe
na wiw’ano wa ngwatanio na USAID KENYA kwa
ilungu ya myaka itano mivitu kwoondu wa uyaiikya
Tist kwa aimi aingi Kenya, munamuno iveti na yiika,
ala matonya useuvya moseo maingi kwoo ene, kwa
kwailya kila mwikalo wa kila mbai na kiw’u vamwe
na kusuvia mititu.
Utethyo wa USAID nthini wa Kenya
niwatethisye nthi ila ingi syi nthini wa walany’o uyu
wa TIST ila syithiawa na walany’o museo na
kumanyiany’a muimi kwa ula ungi ula ni undu wa
Uvoo munene: TIST kusakuwa kwithiwa neyo nzeo
kwa walany’o wa nzeve itavisaa (Carbon) nthi yonthe.
KIKAMBA VERSION 3
mbiie vaa Kenya. Tist yionany’a kwailya isio ila
tukwikala na mawithyululuko ma ikonyo inya sya
nthi nikuseuvasya nzia nzau sya kuete ukwati na
mavuso maseo. Twina eka mbee wa mbilioni imwe
ila syanangingite na syikwenda utungiiwa, TIST
niyonanitye kana kuseuvya “ndivi ya kuthukuma
mawithyululuo” (Payments for Environmental
Service) kwa imi nikutonya utuma kula kwi nyumba
sya ngilini ila sumasya nzeve thuku uoleka kwa
mituki na ingi kutuma ataalamu mamantha nzia ingi
ila itekumya nzeve itavisaa mbingi ila ni muvango
umwe wa kusyaiisya uime na kuiikithw’a.
Charlie Williams, ula ni munini wa musumbi
wa ngwatanio ya itambya ya nzeve theu (Clean Air
Action Corporation (CAA), nimawetie uu, “kwa
myaka ikumi na ina mithelu nitwithiitwe na kusisya
maundu atatu ala ni: Mbee Kwina aimi eu mailika
nthini wa TIST kwailya mathayu moo kwa kwiyumya
na kithito kyoo. Keli CAAC kwithiwa itonya
kusyaiisya nakwina uw’o na kyenini kwona
nimanengane usyao waw’o. Kya katatu Kithimi kyoo
kyaw’o ni kyaaka nzia nzau ya ueti ka aimi”. Twi
May 2011 muvango wa TIST wai wambee nduniani
kuminukiliilya sativiketi sya VCS na CCB nayu
nimaminite kwa mavinda 14.Williams niwongelile
na kwasya “Twina utanu kwithiwa na athooa ala
mekuelewa maana ma kuua nzeve itavisaa kwa TIST
kwa nzia ya kutethya mundu. Eli ma aui maitu ni
Carbon Neutral Company na Microsoft ila isindite
kwoondu wa ndivi ya mawithyululuko
(Environmental Finance). Kambuni ya Carbon
Neutral Company niyo yasindie kwithiwa yi nzeo
kwa kuua kuma muimi na Microsoft ya kuniwa kula
kwithiwa neyo nzeo kwa kwambiia u walany’o. TIST
niyiendee na kwikuna kundu na kuthathaa nundu
kwina aimi aimngi me kwenda ulika nthini wayo.
Twiite usyaiisyoni kwona nitwavikia kwithiwa na
ukwati utaonya kuvikia mawendi ma imi asya na
kwongela vaita wa TISTkwoondu wa useo wa
uvinduku wa nzeve”
Mwai muthelu nitwa neenanisye iulu wa miti
kutemwa yonthe yila twai na semina ya GOCC twi
Gitoro mwai wathathatu, itina wa kutania wiw’ano
wa TIST- USAID wa myaka itano kwithiwa wina
wailu.
Mwai uyu nitukumulilikany’a oili iulu wa uzoo
na mawoni ma aimi ma Tist undu wa kutema miti
ute kwenga.Utongoi wa kanzu ya TIST niwa sakuie
Charles Ibeere (0720 474209) kuthukuma kwa
vakuvi na atongoi ma ngwatanio(cluster), GOCC
na aimi ma tist kusisya undu uu.
Ni useo kumanya kana kondulakiti ya nzeve
ya nyumba sya ngilini (Green House Gas) ila aimi
othe maTIST me nthini ya kwikalya miti kwa ivinda
iasa. Wiw’ano uu niunengae muimi uthasyo wa
kuola miti ila ithengeani, kunzea ngava kwa ngu na
kutema miti kilio kya 5% kwa miti a kikundi kila
mwaka yila miti yavitukya myaka ikumi kana
mbeange.
Mwiao uyu ni wavata nundu kuendeea
kwithiwa nthini wa soko wa nzeve itavisaa.Aui ma
nzeve ino nimekwenda kuikiithw’a kana miti ila
mekuuia nzeve itavisaa yivo. Vala aimi matemanga
miti, muui wa nzave ino itavisaa nuleaa kumauia
nundu aasyaa nukwasya. Kii nikyo kitumi kwa
itambya ya muimi umwe kutemanga miti yikutuma
aimi angi matist matauiwa nzeve yoo nundu wa
kwithiwa ula wikite uu e ngwatanioni yoo kana
kikundini kyoo.
Ingi muimi ukutema miti yake yoothe no ethiwe
anakwataa ndivi, umanyisyo wa tist na ithangu ya
Mazingira
Bora. Muimi uyu nutumaa ngalama yake itwawa
kwa ala me ngwatanioni/kikundini kimwe nake
kwoou
uyithia niwamanenga ngalama iteyoo.
Ta ulilikany’o iulu wa matambya kuma GOCC kunia
Charles (0720 474 209) iulu wa:-
a) Leleelo kuma imini ma ngwatanio ingi undu
wa itambya yila yaile osewa ula watemanga
miti yake atekuatiia walany’o wa TIST
b) Undu muimi usu utemangite miti yake ukuiva
imi ala angi kwa wasyo ula meukwata kuma
kwa viasala wa nzeve itavisaa.
TIST: Kutema miti ngulutu yoothe ila nitalikite
nthini wa TIST ni ikosa inene nundu nuuvitya
kwialana wiw’ano na walany’o wa TIST na nyumba
sya ngilini sya nzeve. Ni iumiasya memoko maseo
ma makili ma aimi maTIST.
KIKAMBA VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Ithyi, aimi ma TIST kuma Igembe South twina utanu
kutunga livoti iulu wa kila tuvikiiite kumana na
kwithiwa
twi amemba ma TIST. Tuvikiite aya:-
1. Nitukwataa umanyisyo kila mwai kuma kwa
atongoi maitu ma Tist na tukakwata ithangu ya
Mazingira Bora. Kii nikituteesye kwongela
nima yitu ya mbemba, matunda na maliu angi.
Nitumanyite undu tutonya uvanga miunda yitu
kuvikia usyao mwingi, kusuvia muthanga,
kwongela unou muundani na ingi nima ya
kusuvia (CF) vamwe na kuseuvya vuu wa yiima.
2. Aimi ala matiniie usi nimamanyite iulu wa
uvanda miti ithengeanie nguumoni sya mbusi.
Undu uu nutumitwe twithiwa na kiw’u kitheu
ivinda yonthe kwa kutumia musyo na indo situ.
Ingi nikusuvia itheka situ kumana na kukuwa
kwa muthanga.
3. Walany’o wa TIST iulu wa utongoi wa
kithyululu na ukuatiia mivea yothe mundu muka
na munduume kwithiwa matonya utoingosya
undu ula ualyulite mesilya ma aingi kisioni iulu
wa utongoi. Iveti, aume na yiika mena ivuso
yianene kukwata mwanya wa utongosya,
kwonany’a utuika woo, na kwithiw’a matonya
kunengeleanilya umanyi ula menaw’o iulu wa
utongoi na inengo kivathukany’o. Ingi kii
nikietae ieleelo kivathukany’o ila itonya
utumika kwiyiendeesya na kwiana kwa
ngwatanio.
4. Uthuthio kuma mitini ya TIST nitetheesye
kuvindua mikalo ya aimi. Nthini wa ikundi na
ngwatanio imwe aimi nimethiitwe matonya
kwika kwia kwa mbesa sya mesani (Table
banking), sangulo, na kwoou kutetheesya
kwongela ueti woo na kwitethya ta aimi.
5. Kutumia kwa maiko ma kusuvia mwaki ma Tist
nikutumite mathayu ma miti mongeleka na
kwithiwa itonya kwiana na kwikala kwa ivinda
iasa nundu ngu iikutumika mbingi. Ingi maiko
aya nimatethetye nundu mayithiawana syuki
kwoou kwongela uima wa mii ya aimi vamwe
na syana syoo na kwithiwa itonya kumatumia
vatena w’ia nundu mena muikiio wa kwithiwa
mataivivya.
Walany’o wa TIST kisioni kya Igembe.
na William Mwito, Muthukumi wa ngwatio ya TIST
KIKAMBA VERSION 5
Muthanga nikyau?
Muthanga nikaseemu ka yiulu ka nthi. Kethiawa na
kiw’u, nzeve, unou, na uthwii wa nthi.
Muthanga useuvaw’a ata?
Mavia mathiana nimo maseuvasya muthanga ula
wendekaa ni miti kumea na kwikala. Ingi miti/mimea
nisyokaa ikongeleelwa muthangani kuseuvya unouc
wa muthanga. Oundu ivia yiendee na kuthiwa
now’o mitiyongelekete na unou wa muthanga
kwaila nukana kiw’u kingi kithiwe kitonya ukwatwa
ni muthanga na kuendeesya miti/mimea kumea na
kwiana.
Niki unou wa muthanga wa vata?
Unou wa muthanga (kaingi useuvitw’e kaingi kuma
kwoani kwa miti/matu) ila yumasya unou mwingi
naw’o uyoswa ni miti ingi nikana yiane. Ingi unou
uyu nutetheeasya tusamu tula twikalaa muthangani
ta yiumbi, mithowe, ngongoo, ing’aui, kukwata liu
nayo iitetheesya muthanga kukwata nzeve nakiw’u
kwikala muthangani.
Nikyau kiamuaa muthemba wa muthanga?
• Nzeve: uvyuvu na uthithu wa vandu na kiw’u
nisyo itetheeasya ivia kuthiwa yila yiseuvasya
muthanga.
• Organisms: tusamu ta bacteria na fungi vamwe
na mithowe, syingolondo na tusamu tula tungi
twikalaa muthangani nitetheeasya muno
kuvulany’a muthanga na ingi kutuma matialyo
ma mimea na matu moa na kuseuvya nzeve ya
nitrogen ila yikiawa muthangani ni bacteria
yitawa rhizobium.
• Utheeu wa vandu: (topograpohy) ethiwa vandu
ni vatheeu niw’o muthanga wavo ukuawa na
mituki na kutheew’a syandani.
• Muthemba we via: Undu ivia yila yithiikite
yiilye.
• Mwikalo wa mundu: undu twatumia muthanga
na kuusuvia nikuutumuma unou wa muthanga
ueleeka.
Ingi muthanga ula winaw’o uamuawa ni kithangathi,
mututu na yumba yila yiuseuvitye. Ve ivisa yi ithangu
yila yiatiie yiukwony’a uaaniku wa muthanga. Uvinyu
wa muthanga na undu uaanikite nuamuaa undu mii
ya muti ikulika muthangani na undu kiw’u kitonya
kwikala muthangani.
Niki asiti kana PH ya vata?
Muthanga kwithiwa wina asiti mbingi kana wi alkali
kii niamuaa undu miti ukumya unou muthangani na
ni tusamu twau kana bacteria itonya kwikala
muthangani usu. Kaingi monou maingi ma muthanga
nimethiawa matonya uvikia mimea/miti malika
kiw’uni yila memuthangani wina asiti mbingi kwi
ula wikatikati kana muthithu ute asiti.
Onakau muthanga wina aciti mbingi bacteria na
mithowe mingi nditonya kwikala muthangani usu
kwoou kwoa kwa matu/mavuti kutwika vuu uyithia
kwi nthi na kwoou kusisiia kwiana kwa miti. Kaingi
muthanga museo waile ithiwa na PH ya 5.5 kana
7.5 na wimwiu kwa langi.
Muthanga munou niwiva?
Muthanga munou nula wina nutrients syonthe
ilasyikwendeka kwa muti kumea na kwikala.
• Nutrients sya mbee: Nitrogen, Phosphorus na
Potassium
• Nutrients ya keli: Sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Ila syendekaa niini: Iron, manganese, boron,
chlorine, zinc, copper, molybdenum na nickel
PH ya muthanga Nzia sya kwongela unou wa
muthanga
• Ongele Nitrogen kwanzia ya vuu wa ngilini
na phosphorus kwa ivia ya phosphate).
• Kolany’a vuu na maumao ma indo ula withiwa
wi museo waindwa kwi wumite indoni na
nokwithiwa wina tusamu twingi twa
pathogens. vuu uyu useuvaa waindwa vandu
va ivinda ya mai ili.
• Ongela vuu kwa nzia ino yivaa nthi
• Tata utumie nzima ya kusuvia undu uvundiitw’e
nii TIST
• Kukuany’a mimea
• Kuvandanisya
• Kuvanda mitii na liu
• Kuvanda osyindu sya uvwika ta nthooko, na
mboso
• Kutia muunda kwa ivinda
• Kutumia mavuti kuvwika
• Kutumia maima ma nima ya kusuvia
• Kuvanda miti kusiia muthanga kikuwa kana
kwisa mitau, fanya juu Kuvandanisya uitumia
Nzuu, Dolichos Lablab, Macuna Pruriens,
Crotalaria, Canavalia.
Ongela muu ula withiawa na calciulm, potassium
carbonate Ongela lime ethiwa niwisi muthanga
waku wina asiti mbingi
Ti useo kwongela minerals mbiongi eka ila syinthini
TIST: Unou wa muthanga.
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
KIKAMBA VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
wa vuu wa yiima utathimite muthanga ukamanya ni
mineral yiva itevo na ikwendeka.
Ve ivinda yithiawa ukethia no wongelile vuu wa
ndukani yaani vatalisa. Tumia kwiana na uelesyo wa
ala maseuvisye kwianana na kisio kyaku na eka
maovisa ma nima ala me kisioni kyaku mautae iulu
wa w’o.
Kuseuvya vuu wa yiima Vuu wa yiima
niwakuseuvya vate kemikoo na nutetheeasya
mimea kwiana.Withiawa wi museo nundu utumiaa
syindu sya kwimesya itena kemikoo na ndwanangaa
mimea na mawithyululuko. vuu uyu nilaisi kuseuvya
na ndwingalama nene ta wakuua na nimuseo mbee
kwa kwongela unou wa mithanga.
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P O ) Potassium (K O) 2 5 2
Nikyau kitonya utumiwa kuseuvya vuu wa
yiima?
• Makusa/mavuti ma matialyo ma liu kuma
muundani kana matu, usese, kyaa kya ngombe,
maumao ma indo, matialyo ma liu wa andu,
matunda, muu, mboka, mathngangi matilange
na ingi mbingi.
• Ndukatumie nyama, maia, mauta, syuma kana
plastic. Nzia nzeo sya kuseuvya vuu wa yiima
• Inza yiima vandu vena muunyi
• Vwika na matu ma maiiu
• Ngithya na kiw’u yila kute kwiu
• Siia mbua ndikakue unou.
• Atiia matambya aya 1/3 ya ngilini ethiwa ni
matu, nyeki, matunda, yiia kana miti 1/3 Matu
momu kana ma langi wa muthanga (brown) ta
mavemba, makusa, mutu wa musumeno etc
1/3 syindu ngito ta ngava ndilange Ikiithya
watumia kiko kya miti/mimea itanamba usyaa
Nzeve niyendekaa kuseuvya vuu kwoou
ikiithya niwavilany’a nisa na nduvinyiie muno
vena nzeve.
Ikala uinginya, uvwikite na kueka vandu va myai
kauta nikana yooe na ilikana nesa Woona
yambiia uyunga muno veonany’a wikiite kiw’u
kingi kana matu ma ngilini nimmo maingi
kwoou ongela syindumbumu ta matu,
mavemba, makusa na uivulany’a. Tata withiwe
na syindu sya uvulany’a na kueuvya vuu tayali
mwai ta ili kana itatu mbee wa mbua kwambiia
nikana utumie ivindani ya mbanda. Vuu uyu
waile ithiwa ulyi muthanga(brown) na
ulekanitye wavya. No usunge vuu uyu kumywa
ikuli ila itaneevya na uitungia yiimani iendee
uvya.
Ikundi imwe sya tist syithiitwe iitumia nzia ino yivaa
nthi kuseuvya vuu wa yiima nundu kwasyo yithiitwe
yi nzeo useuvya vuu wa yiima kwa ikundi imwe sya
TIST:-
1) Kusakua kisio kya matambya 4 x 4m na kwisa
yiima
2) Enga kisio
3) Inza yiima uthathau wa 3-4m na 1.5uliku
4) Kolany’a matialyo ma mavemba, muvya, mavoso
na uitilanga tulungu tuniini
5) Ikia yiimani itumie uliku wa 0.5m
6) Ikia muu wa lita itano
7) Ongela kyaa kya indo ethiwa kivo kya uliku
wa 30cm
8) Ongela matu na makusa uliku ungi wa 0.5m
9) Ikia muu ungi wa lita itano
10) Ongela matu na makusa withie yiima
notayausua
11) Ususya yiima na muthanga
12) Uyususya yiima ikia muti muasa kati withie
utinite yiimani ungu.
13) Eka yiima yiu yiyiue vandu va myai itatu kana
mithenya miongo kenda
14) Ivindani yii yonthe osaa kiw’u kila kina kiko
uketa vo ngelekany’o kila wavua nakyo kana
kuthambya miio. Ethiwa wina maumao ma
indo no wite vo.
15) Tata navinya ungithye yima yii kila muthenya
kwa nzia ila utonya.
16) Itina wa mithenya miongo keenda vuu wiithiwa
wi tayali. Tumia muti uyu wikati ta kithimi kya
uvyuvu. Vuu wasuva ukeethiwa wimuvyu na
nowone muti uuyu waumya uitoa.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kipsigis Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Ngalek cheechen: Kigororchinge TIST asentab koristo (Carbon) en tetatb ngwony
komugul. Page 2
TIST tiletab ketik en imbarekab TIST ko moiboru kit negararan amun mogitegis
tolochigab TIST ak koyonchinet ne kigeyai oak ghg. Page 3
Tetetab TIST en Igembe. Page 4
TIST okwoindab ngungunyek. Page 5
Inside:
KIPSIGIS VERSION 2
MENGIK CHE TEMIK KOTINYE KAYANET KOLE
WOLE OLE MENYE AK KOTORET NGWONDET.
Tulsa, oklohoma, usa 30th June, 2014 –
korurugutik chemengen che minetab ketik (TIST)
ko kikoborchigei asanet en tetetab tai en segeetab
nguony mwoe toretikab chebkondok cheb
tolonchin itondab emet. Kinyak anyun initon en
chemungarainikab koristo en nguwony, kiitok amun
kinyot ketunoik chechang temikab TIST en
korurugutietab minetab ketik kotestai konyor
sobet.
Mwoe anyun tononikab itondab emet
ngalechu ak kerik chegiginam en 1999 asikomwaita
tononet kombunisiek ak biik chetinye boisionik en
itontab mungaret TIST ko netai en tesetabtai
netogunot eng toretikab chebokondok.
Tist ko temik, minikab ketik, tigikab emet ak
mungaretab koristo netesetai eng Kenya, India,
Tanzania ak Uganda. Tesetai tist eng korurugutik
chetononchin temik che kole ketik imbarenikwak
kotoreten sobenywan ak konyor omitogik.
Iborugei boisionik eng biik ak eng emet kou
wegetab osnet, wegetab timwek ak waletab
burgeyet en emet.
“Eng kenyit nebo tuguchu tugul en bandab
tai kobo temikab TIST wolutik chu,” mwoe ben
henneke, ne konomintetab TIST., “temik chuton
koyumi keswekab ketik koyai kabotisiet, komin
ketik, ago rib kosobcho en kemeusiek, maranet ak
korib en tuga, nego ak tiongikab timin. Tinye
temikab TIST kogiletabge en mugulelwekwak.
Boiboechin ichek kelunoik chebo ketik chesobtos
en ole menye. Togu boisiet neui missing ne kigoyai
temikab tist chesire 70000 chegigomin ketik, che
iyomtos kobwotutik, cheribe wolutik ak kotoret
temik alak.”
“En emet neo missing burgeiyet ko agenge
chegonu wegtab koristo neo missing (CO2
) ago
niton knyorunen temik chemengech kewelnatet
amun eetu missing burgeyetab emet (kemeut).”
Mwoe henneke. En taman ak angwan (14) che kisito
ek murenik ak kwonyikab tist ko kigoyom koib
kokwout en teretab tiletab ketik ak korib chetinye
en imbarenikwak ak chebo boror, en ribetab
ketikwak ko kigotoo ole nyorunen melekwek en
oliyetab koristo, korisiton kiyoitechi kobunisiek,
toretik ak biik chemoche kogochi kimnotet
temikab TIST.
Oligab koristo koyob inda, kenya ak uganda
komiten segeik chebo (VCS) ak chebo (CCB)
koboto “Gold Level” icheget ko oltoik che olto
kayumanikab koristo ago tesetai kogoito melekwek
en kenyisiek 25-30 mwoe henneke, ak kotoreti
chebkondok chebo tesetabtai en TIST.
Page 2 of 2
Tinye koborunet temik yeboisien koletab minutik
minetab ketik cheter boisitab maisiek ak ribetab
tilindo, nyorunen melekwek che chutu kogochin
kotestai tetet kotes henneke kole kigetebi ak usaid
kenya en kenyisiek mut asi konyor kenya kotesak
Ngalek cheechen: Kigororchinge TIST asentab
koristo (Carbon) en tetatb ngwony komugul.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 3
Kingalalen biik chegimiten tuiyetab gocc en komolo
june 2014 ye kigiba igorto negibo koyometabgei
tist ak usaid en kenyisiek mut.
En arawani ketinye kabwata noton asi kemwochin
temik kelenchin magararan noton en TIST, en
betunoton kelewen charles ibeere (0720474209)
korib ak korigi kondoikab kilasta gocc ak temik asi
komwata agobo niton.
Bogonut neo kibwate agobo koyochinenyo ak ghg
nebo minetab ketik chebo kasarta negoi tinye temik
chomchinet ko choror ak kotil temenik, agotil 5%
en kurubit ago ketik chetinye kenyisiek 10 magat
niton amun moiyoni chemungarainik ketil ketit ne
sobe amun bose koristo, agot komogirib niton
kogochin temik chechang asent amun monyoru
melekwak.
Ogibwat kele chito negayai kounoton kogochin
korubit asi kowegta rabisiechon amun kiginet, kigiiti
ketik, ak nyoru en kila arawa gosetit, chi negenyoru
iyote youtionon kwo (0720 474 209)
a) Ogemwochigei en tuiyosi kab kilasta agobo
niton.
b) Chito negayai kounoton koyoche kurubit asi
mo kitononsi kurubin en mungaretab koristo
TIST, mising ko kwonyik ak nerank asi kotoo ak
konyor kelunoik icheget, korib timwek ak beek,
ak korib osnosiek, usaud en kenya kokinyor toretet
kou emotinuwek alk mising kingonam temik
kobchei agobo minetab ketik, kinyo temikab
kelunoik ak kobit boroinuek chebo boisionik, ole
moche imbaret nebo million agenge hectares ole
kigonoren, kelibonchi chebo minetab ketik asi
komuch kobos koristo neya en soet.
Charlie william, vice president of clean air
action corporation (CAAC) komwa kole “ en
kenyisiek 14 che kigosirto ko kigitinye kobwatutik
somok netai, temik che miten tist kogitoo sobet
ne kararan en kogilenyuan bogei, nebo oeng caac
kotinye ribet ak keret en oretab imanit ak keret
ne togunot en wolutik, ak nebo somok, konyoruren
icheget melegwek, en kenyitab may of 2011 ko
kogoibelis en nguwony koik netai tetetaib tist,
kingo koyamak anan ko tuyosi vcs ak ccb keret
nenoto ko kerge ak 14 times, kotes william, kiboiboi
en chemungarainik cheingen agobo kororindo ak
mogutikab biik cheole korurugutikab taninisiek
chegonu tist, en chemungarainik chuton oeng ko
wegin kongoi chelomu chepkondokab ribetab
itondap emet, amun kogonyor tist torete kotinye
boroindo ko tigak keret kituosi agobo chepkondok
asi komuch TIST kotes temik asi kowal emet.
TIST tiletab ketik en imbarekab TIST ko moiboru
kit negararan amun mogitegis tolochigab TIST ak
koyonchinet ne kigeyai oak ghg.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Echek temikab tist en igembe keboiboenchin tuguk
chegingenyoru en tetetab tist, koboto mogiutien
kele:
1. Kinyoru konetisiet koyob kiboitinikab Kilasta
kinyoru kora kosetisiek en kila arawa, nito
kogonech ketes minutik kou bandek, logoek
ak alak kigenyorunen ole kimuch keriten
imbareni kiyok, keter ngungunyek ak kechob
keturek.
2. Temik che negiten onit kogiginet korib,
koitiyech niton kenyorun beek che kororon
en tuga ak biik.
3. Tolochikab tist ak katoinatet ko kigotorechech
amun tinye age tugul boroindo.
4. Kigotore melekwegab ketik temik chechang
en boisionik chechang kou table banking ak
alak.
5. Kiboisien maisiek cheboisien kwenik che
ngerin kobos anyun koluletab ketik, ak nyorulel
tililinto en korikiyok
Athi kilasta ko agenge en kilasta ne kiumge icheget
agoboisien table banking
Tetetab TIST en Igembe.
By william mwito,TIST cluster servant.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Ngungunye ko nee?
Ngu ngunyek ko kebeberta nebo emet netinye
koristo, beek nunanikab ketik ana ko tiongik ak
kotinye munyuk.
Chebtogei ono ngungunyek?
Bitu murmuranikab koik kotinye munyuk chetoreti
sobetab minutik, kotesin minutik en ngungunyek,
so ye yoose kouni kotesin beek kotuiyo ak kogochi
minutik kobwa.
Amunee asi kobo komonut ngetunonik?
Bo komonut amun yekagonunchi nguwondet
kotinye omitwogik che igochin minutik korut toreti
kora kutik chemiten ngungunyek ak kotoretich
koyomo anan kutuiyo koik agenge.
Nee ne ibesto ngungunye yekinyor?
• Burgeyet, burge burgeiyet ak beek kogochin
koik kobusbusak
• Kutik chang kutik che menye ngowoindet anak
koburucheni ngungunyek anak kogochi nunet
asi kobit emitwogikab minutik
• Ole emet niton anyun kotiyengei ole kiiburto
emet, en tunonok konyumnyum ibetab koik
kosir ole soet
• Uketab nhungunyek niton kotiyengei ole kigi
tounto koik ngungunyek
• Otebetab kimulmet otebetab biik ak ole
koribto ngungunyek asi moibet okwoindo.
Koyometab ngungunye kotingei chongitab ngainet,
menet, ak ole gigitounto, miten anyun koborunet
nebo ngungunyek en pichaini koyomoniton bo
ngungunyek konyumyum en tigikab ketit kosib, ak
koboru beek chemiten,
Amunee asi kobo komonut PH?
Miten anyun ngungunye che tinye munyuk chechang
kot kosir anak niton koweche (PH) ak omitwogikab
minutik, kimuchi ketoretito ono kutik che menye
ngungunye en munyu chuton ko chechang ko
eiyomogei ak beek ko chotos akosigi minutik
omitwogik, ole miten munyuk chechang komosigin
kutik kochanga niton ko gochin nunet kwo
nguwony, ngungunye chegororon kotinye PH
kongeten 5.5 ak 7.5 ago tueen en keret.
Nee okwoindab ngungunyet?
Ngungunyat ne kararan kotinye omitwogik che
igochin sobet minutik
• Omitwogik che tai; nituogen, phosphorus,
potassium
• Chebo oeng; sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Ak chechang; iron, manganese, boron, chtorine
zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel
Koguwoutik che kitisin ngungunyek
• Ketesi omitwogik keboisien kegot rurutik che
teche nitrogen
• Keboisien keture chebo tuga ak sogororek
kiruruche asi komumiyo mogiboisien ko
morurio
• Tesin ngetunanikab minutik
• Kegol imbaret ma kibat
• Kemin minutik che besiotin
TIST okwoindab ngungunyek.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
• Kemin ketik che moweche minutik ak che
ichugei en kwong kou, robuwonik, chebololet
ak sotonik
• Kemin ketik asi koter ngungunyek
• Miten ketik che tinye ngendek –pigeon
• Kitesin orek tinye (calcium, potassium
carbonate)
• Momeche ketesi komenai anan kotomo ichigil
ngungunyek, karara mising itenyoru chitab
minutik as kuwororun abo noton
Keturek
Keturek ko omitwogikab minutik che kitounen
kinun en kasrta nenin che mogitesi chemical,
motinye weget en minutik, amoweche ngungunyek.
Kitounen nee keturek
• Ngetunonikab minutik, sogek, ak kitage tugul
ne yamat ana ko nyali
• Matiboisien kou bendo, mwanik, chumoinik
anan ko plastic
Ole kimumto
• Lewen ole miten uluwet
• Tugen soge kab itisio/chebebe
• Tumchin beek en kasartab kemeut
• Tekten en robta
Kosibet
• Agenge en somok (minutik che nyolilelen,
susuwek, ingewek, logoek, sorowekatugal
nego ngechinek)
• Agenge en somok sogek che tolilionen
• Agenge en somok ko sogekab ketik
• Ker ile neboisien tuguk cheyachen amun
weche keturek
• Tugul anyun ki nto keringet orit amat igony
amun kimogin koristo en orit
• Igoteb en kasarta nebo orowek asi iburuch
tugul koik agenge
• Ye igas nguunet beo itesi sogek chenyolilen
ak iburuchen
• Ye kainte tuguchuton tugul kou beek igotebi
orowet 2-3 asi iib koba imbar
Miten kosibet ne kigochob temikab tist kou yeisibu
1. Lewen ole itounen keturet 4mx4m
2. Igot tililit yoton
3. Tem keringet 3-4m ak 1.5m orit
4. Iyumchin kayumanik tgugul yoton
5. Rongik kot koit 0.5m
6. Tesin orek che keburuch ak orek
7. Neisibu ites kot goit 30cm ngototokab tuga
anan kobo ngororek
8. Tesin sogek kot korigta konyi
9. Nebo let anyun ite ngungunye kot konyi
10. Rutin keti ne tenten kuwenetab keringet kot
kotiny kel
11. Igo munyo en kasarta betusiek 90
12. Tesin beekab orek 5 litres
13. Tesin sogek ak mobek (0.5m)
14. En kasariton iyumchi beek chon iboisien
imweten ingoroik anan ko keun kot
15. Tumchin beek en betut angetugul yon kobit
beek
16. Ye ibata betusiek 90 ko gorurio keturek
boisien ketit asi koborun mat nemi orit, imuch
iger kabusetab karisto nebunu keringatPublished by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
English Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Great News: TIST has been voted The Best (Carbon) Offsetting Program in the
World. Page 2
TIST: Clear cutting of TIST tree groves is a serious violation of TIST Values and
Green House Gas contract. It hurts positive actions of thousands of TIST Farmers.
Page 3
TIST Program in Igembe Region. Page 4
TIST: Soil Fertility. Page 5
Inside:
ENGLISH VERSION 2
SUBSISTENCE FARMERS PROVE THEY CAN BETTER
THEIR LOCAL ENVIRONMENT AND HELP THE
PLANET
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A., 30 June, 2014 – The
International Small Group and Tree Planting
Program (TIST) has been voted Best Offsetting
Project in a global survey conducted by
Environmental Finance. This recognition, voted by
carbon market industry professionals throughout
the world, identified the many benefits that TIST
farmers receive from working together to plant
trees, and to develop and share local “best
practices” that improve their lives.
Environmental Finance is online news and
analysis service established in 1999 to report on
sustainable investment, green finance and the
people and companies active in environmental
markets.TIST is the first offsetting project to be
recognized by Environmental Finance.
TIST is an agriculture, tree planting,
development and carbon credit program that
operates in Kenya, India, Uganda and Tanzania.TIST
was developed with and for smallholder and
subsistence farmers who plant trees on degraded
land to improve their livelihoods and food security.
Their actions also address local, regional and global
environmental issues such as deforestation,
biodiversity loss, adaptation and climate change.
“The real credit for the outstanding results of
this program belongs to the farmers of TIST,” said
Ben Henneke, co-founder of TIST. “These farmers
collect local seeds, make nurseries, plant seedlings,
and keep them alive through droughts, floods, and
raids by cattle, goats and elephants.TIST farmers
are an incredibly inspiring group of people. They
are proud of the benefits their trees are having on
their lives and on the global environment. This
awardrecognizes the hard work done by more than
70,000 farmers planting trees, sharing information,
monitoring results and helping other farmers.”
“Tropical deforestation is one of the largest manmade sources of CO2, and smallholder farmers are
Great News: TIST has been voted The Best
(Carbon) Offsetting Program in the World.
among those most severely harmed by climate
change,” continued Henneke. “For the past 14 years,
more and more TIST women and men have taken
action to reverse deforestation and to improve
their own land and the land in their communities.
By carefully measuring the growth of their trees
they have created a new ‘Virtual Cash Crop’ –
carbon offsets. These carbon credits are sold to
companies, organizations and people who want to
encourage the TIST farmers’ efforts.”
TIST’s carbon offsets from India, Kenya and
Uganda are validated and verified to Verified Carbon
Standard (VCS) and Climate, Community &
Biodiversity (CCB) standards including the “Gold”
level. “Sales of these premium quality TIST tonnes
now fully support these existinglocations and
should continue profitably for another 25-30
years,”noted Henneke. “With additional expansion
capital, we willcontinue to replicate this selfsustaining process.”
Page 2 of 2
TIST farmers have demonstrated that using the
new agricultural approaches, planting a variety of
tree species, using higher efficiency stoves for
cooking, and adopting better health practices have
a large impact on their family’s income and health.
Recent studies required for the multiple
verifications have shown that the benefits the
farmers create far exceed the costs of developing
the program.
Henneke added, “We have partnered with
USAID Kenya over the last five years to expand
TIST in Kenya so that more farmers, especially
women and youth, could create more benefits for
themselves, improve biodiversity and water quality,
and protect forests. USAID’s help in Kenya also
benefited participants in each of the other countries
when new best practices developed in Kenya were
shared from farmer to farmer. TIST is showing that
improving the local and the global environment
creates more income and more opportunities.With
more than one billion hectares of degraded land in
ENGLISH VERSION 3
Last month, we discussed about clear tree cutting
during the GOCC seminar held at Gitoro in June
2014, immediately after TIST-USAID Five years of
successful partnership celebration.
This month, we are carrying a reminder of last
month’s article with a call for information and
suggestion from TIST farmers on the best ideas on
how to completely avoid clear cutting. TIST’s
Leadership council appointed Charles Ibeere (0720
474209) to work closely with Cluster leaders,
GOCC Representatives and TIST farmers in
addressing this issue.
It is important to note the Green House Gas
contract, which all TIST farmers are party to,
stipulates an agreement by the farmers to keep trees
for long-term. It only allows farmers to thin their
trees (if closely spaced), prune branches for
firewood, and cut up to 5% of the group trees each
year when the trees are 10 years or older.
The above rule is necessary for continued
participation in carbon program. Carbon buyers
want to be assured that the trees from which they
buy carbon credits are kept alive. Where the
farmers cut their trees, carbon buyers always
decline to buy credits from such entities because
they are considered high risk.This is why an action
of few farmers who violate this rule could make
carbon buyers shun from buying other TIST farmers
carbon credits.
There have been other concerns too. A farmer
who cuts down all his trees has been receiving TIST
Trainings, Quantification and Mazingira Bora
newsletters.All the expenses incurred by him are
passed on to other farmers.
As a reminder about actions GOCC said they
would implement, please contact Charles (0720
474209) about:
a) Ideas from other farmers in Clusters meeting
about the actions that should be taken on
those who clear-cut.
b) How such a farmer who clear-cut would
compensate other farmers so as to cushion
them from losses in the carbon business.
TIST: Clear cutting of TIST tree groves is a
serious violation of TIST Values and Green House
Gas contract. It hurts positive actions of
thousands of TIST Farmers.
need of restoration,TIST demonstratesthat creating
‘Payments for Environmental Services’for farmers
in the tropics can rapidly reduce greenhouse gasses
and provide time for the technological development
of other ‘low carbon’ approaches to mature and
be proven out.”
Charlie Williams, vice president of Clean Air
Action Corporation (CAAC), commented, “For the
past 14 years we have had three primary concerns:
First, that the farmers who joined TIST create a
better life for themselves through their efforts.
Second, that CAAC would create the monitoring
systems and processes to accurately and
transparently measure their results.And third, that
their measured results would create a new source
of income for them.” In May of 2011, the TIST
program was“First in the World” to complete the
VCS and CCB certifications and have now
completed that process a total of 14 times.Williams
added, “We are pleased to have customers who
recognize both the technical excellence and the
human benefits that purchasing TIST tonnes
provides. Two of those important customers,The
Carbon Neutral Company, and Microsoft have also
won awards from Environmental Finance. The
Carbon Neutral Company was voted ‘The Best
Offset Retailer’ and Microsoft was voted ‘Best
Corporate Offset Programme.’ TIST continues to
replicate and expand because there are millions of
farmers who want to join. We look forward to
accomplishing the financing to meet the needs of
those farmers, and to increase the beneficial impact
of TIST on global climate change”
ENGLISH VERSION 4
We, TIST Farmers from Igembe South are happy to
report our achievements from participating in the
TIST program.They include but are not limited to:
1. We receive trainings monthly by cluster
servants as well as monthly newsletter known
as Mazingira Bora. This has enabled us to
increase our farm productivity in maize, fruits
and other crops. We have learned to organize
our shambas better, control soil erosion,
increase soil fertility, practice conservation
farming and do compost manure.
2. Farmers bordering rivers are trained about
conservation of riparian areas.This has ensured
consistent and reliable supply of clean water
for our animals and for domestic use.
Additionally, we have protected our lands from
constant degradation as soil erosion is
controlled.
3. TIST Values and Rotational Leadership minding
about gender sensitive has greatly transformed
our society. Women, Men and Youth have equal
opportunities to take leadership positions,
demonstrate and pass on their leadership gifts
and talents, build confidence amongst
themselves and provide new ideas for our
development and growth.
4. Tree incentives from TIST have helped change
many farmers’ lives. In some of the Clusters,
farmers have organized themselves to do table
banking, merry go rounds and therefore
multiplying the amount of help that goes to the
farmer.
5. The use of TIST energy saving stoves help
increase tree lives as fewer trees are cut for
firewood. The stoves have significantly
improved health and safety as smoke is minimal
and always directed out of kitchen area, and
children’s safety in the cooking area is greatly
enhanced.
TIST Program in Igembe Region.
By William Mwito, TIST Cluster Servant.
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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ENGLISH VERSION 5
What is soil?
Soil is the uppermost layer of the earth. It contains
air, water, organic matter and mineral matter.
How is Soil formed?
The weathering (breakdown) of rocks provides the
minerals needed to support plant life. Plants are
then added to the soil as organic matter. As more
rock is broken down and more organic matter is
added, so more water can be held in the soil, further
promoting plant growth
Why is organic matter important?
Organic matter (mainly formed through the
decomposition of plant material) releases a lot of
nutrients, which are available for uptake to new
plants. It also supports the life of beneficial
microorganisms in the soil, helps with water
infiltration and helps to bind the soil together.
What determines the type of soil found?
• The climate: both the temperature and water
availability affect the rate of weathering of rock.
• Organisms: bacteria, fungi and worms amongst
many others live in the soil. Some play a key
role in mixing the soil, such as earthworms.
Soil organisms help decompose organic matter,
and some help plants to fix nitrogen (e.g.
Rhizobium bacteria).
• Topography: the shape of the land. For example,
soil on slopes is generally thinner and more
easily eroded than the soil found collected in
valleys.
• Parent material: the type of rock the soil is
formed from.
• Human behavior: the way we use and care for
our soil (or not) will greatly affect its fertility.
The texture of the soil you have depends on how
much sand, silt and clay it is made from.The diagram
on the following page shows you the main
categories of soil texture. The texture of the soil
and structure influence how easily roots can
penetrate the soil, and how much water can be
retained.
Why is soil pH important?
How acidic or alkali a soil is (its pH) affects how
available soil nutrients are for plant uptake and what
type of soil organism life can be supported.
Generally most soil nutrients are more soluble (and
therefore available for plant absorption) when in
an acidic soil compared to a neutral or alkaline soil.
However, if the soil is too acidic many bacteria
cannot grow, and this will affect the rate of
decomposition of organic matter. Most good
topsoils have a pH between 5.5 and 7.5 and are
relatively dark in color.
What is a fertile soil?
A fertile soil is one that has an available supply of
all the nutrients needed to support plant life.
• Primary nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus,
potassium
• Secondary nutrients: sulphur, magnesium,
calcium
• Micronutrients: iron, manganese, boron,
chlorine, zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel
Strategies to improve soil fertility
• Consider adding nitrogen (in the form of green
manure from nitrogen-fixing plants) and
phosphorus (in the form of rock phosphate).
• Collect and use livestock manure and urine.
This is better in composted form. Fresh
sources may contain too much ammonia
content (which may harm plants) and may
contain higher amounts of pathogens (diseasecausing organisms). Composted manure
contains fewer pathogens. If you do use fresh
manure, use moderately and leave a minimum
of two months in between applications.
• Add organic matter through composting
(details below).
• Practice conservation agriculture best practices
as described in previous units:
o Crop rotation
o Intercropping
o Agroforestry
o Planting leguminous cover crops
o Leaving land fallow
o Use of mulch
o Using conservation farming holes
o Reduce water erosion through tree
planting, terraces, fanya juu
• Consider intercropping with Pigeon pea
(Cajanus cajan), Dolichos lablab, Mucuna
pruriens, Crotalaria, Canavalia.
• Consider adding ash, which is rich in calcium
and potassium carbonate.
• Add lime if you know your soil is too acidic
• It is best not to add additional minerals (apart
from those found in compost) without testing
the soil first to see what nutrients and minerals
are actually needed.
• There may be some circumstances when you
need to apply inorganic chemical fertilizers.
Use accordingly to the manufacturer
instructions and research which ones are most
ecologically sound for your area through
getting advice from your extension officers
TIST: Soil Fertility.
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
ENGLISH VERSION 6
Composting
Compost manure is a natural fertilizer to help your
crops grow. It is better than chemical fertilizer
because it is natural and has no damaging effects
for the crops and environment. Composting is one
of the easiest, cheapest and most effective ways of
improving soil fertility.
What can be used for compost?
• Crop residues, weeds, dead leaves, any
trimmed vegetation, manure and urine from
livestock, bedding from livestock, kitchen food
waste from fruit and vegetables, ash, shredded
paper and cardboard.
• Don’t use meat, dairy products, fats, oils, metal
or plastic.
General best practices for composting:
• Choose a shaded area for your compost
• Cover with banana leaves or a plastic sheet
• Sprinkle with water during the dry season
• Protect from rain (which will wash nutrients
away)
• As a general guide aim for:
o One third ‘green vegetation’ (grass
clippings, fruit, vegetables, egg shells, nut
shells, manure, weeds, plants)
o One third ‘brown vegetation’ (dry leaves,
straw, sawdust, cardboard and fine crop
residues)
o One third bulky material such as chopped
branches and larger crop residues.
o Ensure you use plant material that has not
yet seeded, and do not use diseased
material
o Layer the materials in a pile or in a hole.
Air is needed for compost, so mix the
materials together and do not compact
the material down
• Water the pile of material, cover and leave so
that material decomposes over the next couple
of months. You can occasionally mix the
material.
• If the material becomes slimy or smelly over
time it may be too wet or have too much green
vegetation.Add more brown vegetation if this
is the case, and mix.
• Try to have your batch of material ready for
mixing, watering, covering and leaving 2-3
months before the rainy season so it will be
useful for the planting season.
• The compost should be brown and crumbly
when ready. You can sieve the material to get
a finer mixture, and add the larger pieces back
into the compost pile for the next batch.
Some of the TIST groups use a more specific
method, which they have found effective. They have
described the process below:
Preparation of compost manure by some
TIST groups:
1) Choose an area 4m x 4m for your compost pit
2) Clean the area
3) Dig a hole of diameter 3 - 4m and 1.5m deep
4) Collect all the remains of the crops you have
and cut them into small pieces. (e.g. the leaves
and stalks of maize, millet, beans)
5) Put these crops remains into the hole up to a
depth of 0.5m.
6) Then add 5 liters of ash
7) Next add about 30cm (or as much as available)
of animal dung (e.g. dung from pig, cow, goat
or chicken).
8) Next put another layer of crop leaves and
stalks (0.5m)
9) Add another 5 liters of ash
10) Add the leaves and stalks again until the hole
is almost filled
11) Finally, add a layer of soil until the hole is filled
12) While filling the hole with soil, put a long stick
in the middle of the hole so it reaches the
bottom.
13) Leave the compost pit for 90 days (3 months).
14) During this period use your dirty water to
water the compost pit. For example, after
cleaning your house or clothes, empty the used
water over the compost pit. If you have animals
you can also pour animal urine over the pit.
15) Try to water the compost pit in this way every
day, or whenever water is available.
16) After the 90 days the manure will be ready.
Use the stick as a thermometer – when the
compost is ready it should be hot and you may
even see steam coming from the stick after
you have removed it.
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kimeru Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Ntumiri inthongi mono:TIST nithuritwe iri muradi juria mwega buru jwa gukucia ruugo
ruruthuku ndene ya nthiguru yonthe. Page 2
TIST: Ugiti bwa miti yonthe ndene ya miunda ya TIST ni kuuna na njira inene jaria TIST
ikirite na kinya kandarasi ya GhG. Nikugitaragia mantu jameega jaria jakuthithua ni
arimi ba TIST ngiri nyingi. Page 3
TIST ndene ya Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Unoru bwa muthetu. Page 5
Inside:
KIMERU VERSION 2
ARIMI BA MIUNDA IMININI NIBONENIE ATI NO
BATHONGOMIE NARIA KUBATHIURUKITE NA
KINYA GUTETHIA NTHIGURU YONTHE
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A., Tariki mirongo
ithatu mweri jwa itantatu, 2014 – The International
Small Group and Tree Planting Program (TIST)
nithuritwe iri muradi juria mwega bru kiri kurita
ruugo ruruthuku ndene ya utari bwa nthiguru
yonthe buria bwathithirue ni kiama gigwitwa Environmental Finance. Kumenyeka guku, kuria
kwaringirwe kura ni bonthe ndene ya thoko ya
ruugo ya nthiguru yonthe, nikwonere baita inyingi
iria arimi ba TIST boonaga kuumania kuritaniria
ngugi kuanda miti, na kwambia na kugaana mitire
iria miega buru ya kuhtithia mantu gatai gati kao
iria itumaga miturire yao ikathongoma nkuruki.
Environmental Finance iji ni nteto iria
ciretagwa na gutegerwa gukurukira internet iria
yambirue 1999 iri ya kuejana ripoti kwegie utumiri
mbeca mantune jaria jakumbika ndene ya igita riraja,
mbeca kuumania na uandi na antu na kambuni iria
cikwonekana kiri thoko ciegie naria gututhiurukite.
TIST ni muradi jwa mbele kiri iria iritaga ruugo
ruruthuku iria ionekene ni Environmental finance.
TIST ni muradi jwegie urimi, uandi miti, witi na
mbele na kwendia ruugo juria jwitaga ngugi ndene
ya Kenya, India, Uganda na Tanzania.TIST niyambirie
ni arimi babanini ba irio baria baandga miti ndene
ya miunda iria ithukitue nikenda bathongomia
miturire yao na kumenyeera ati irio birio rionthe.
Ngugi cia arimi baba nicitegagiira thiina iria
cikwoneka naria kubathiurukite akui, ntuurene na
kinya ndene ya nthiguru yonthe ta ugiti miitu, kuthira
gwa gukaranira kwa mithemba mwanya na imingi
ya imera na nyomoo na kugaruka kwa rera.
“Baria eene kuumbana na aria muradi juju jukinyite
ni arimi ba TIST”, Ben Henneke umwe wa aambia
ba TIST niu augite. “arimi baba nibojanagia mbeu,
bakathithia minanda, bakaanda miti, na bakamika iri
moyo riria kurina uumo, kuigara kwa ruuji,
kuumania na nyomoo ta ng’ombe, mburi na njogu.
Arimi ba TIST ni gikundi kimwe kia antu kiria
gigwikira antu bangi wendo bwa kuthtia mantu.
Nibagwikumiria baita iria miti iji irinacio ndene ya
miturire yao na ndene ya nthiguru yonthe. Kiewa
giki nigikuuga ati ngugi ya arimi baba nkuruki ya
ngiri mirongo mugwanja ya uandi miti, kugaana
umenyo, kuthima baita na gutethia arimi bangi
nioni.”
“Ugiti miitu ndene ya nthiguru iria ciithagira
cirina ngai inyingi ni kiumo gia ruugo ruruthuku rwa
kaboni kimwe kia biria binene buru, na arimi
babanini ni bamwe ba baria bagitaragua nkuruki ni
kugaruka kwa rera,” Henneke netire na mbele
kuuga.“Ndene ya miaka iria ikurukite ikumi na inna,
ekuru na aume bangi na bangi ba TIST nibajukitie
itagaria kugarura jaria jaumanagia na ugiti miitu na
kuthongomia miunda yao bongwa na ingi ya ntuura
ciao. Na njira ya kuthima bwega ukuri bwa miti
nibambiritie kimera gikieru gia kurita mbeca
gukurukira kwendia ruugo. Krediti iji cia kaboni
niciendagirua kambuni na antu baria bakwanda
gwikiri ngugi cia arimi ba TIST inya.
Ruugo ruria rugwatitue ni miti ya TIST kuuma
India, Kenya na Uganda niruthimi na rwakurukithua
ni VCS na CCB amwe na “Gold level”. “ Wendia
bwa ruugo ruru kuumania na TIST nandi
nibugwataga mbaru miunda ya TIST iria irio na
niibati gwita na mbele kwona baita ndene ya miaka
mirongo iri na itano gwita mirongo ithatu iria iijite,”
Henneke oongera.“Kurina mbeca ingi cia gutamba,
tugeeta na mbele gucokera ngugi iji
igucirungamira.”
Page 2 of 2
Arimi ba TIST nibonenie ati bagitumagira mitire
imieru ya urimi, bakaanda miti mithemba mwanya
ya miti, gutumira mariko ja gutumira nkuu inkai, na
kwambiria mitire imiega ya kumenyeera thiria ya
mwili ni mantu jarina mwago jumunene kiri mbeca
iria bakwona na kiri thiria ya mwili. Uthomi bwa
akui buria bukwendekana kiri gukurukithua kairi
na kairi nibwonenia ati baita iria arimi boonaga
niigukuruka mbeca iria itumiritwe kwambiria na
gwitithia muradi juju.
Henneke noongerere, “ “Nitwitaniritie ngugi
na USAID Kenya ndene ya miaka itano iria ikurukite
kuaramia TIST ndene ya Kenya nikenda arimi bangi
babaingi, mono ekuru na antu babethi, bacithithiria
baita, bathongomia gukaraniria kwa imera na
nyomoo cia muthemba mwanya na bathongomia
utheru bwa ruuji na bakaria miitu. Utethio bwa
USAID ndene ya Kenya nibuete arimi baita ndene
ya nthiguru ingi cionthe riria miitire imieru iria
ithithagua Kenya ciaganirwe kuuma murimi gwita
Ntumiri inthongi mono:TIST nithuritwe iri
muradi juria mwega buru jwa gukucia ruugo
ruruthuku ndene ya nthiguru yonthe.
KIMERU VERSION 3
kiri ungi. TIST nikwonania ati kuthongomia naria
gutukuiritie na kinya naria kuri kuraja natwi
nikuthithagia mbeca na twanya tungi tutwingi.
Kurina munda hectare nkuruki ya bilioni imwe
juthukitue jukwenda gucokanirua,TIST nionenie ati
kuambiria “kuriwa niuntu bwa ngugi iriaa iti
kuthongomia naria kuthiurukite’ kwa arimi ndene
ya nthiguru iji ciri mbura inyingi nikunyiagia ruugo
ruria rurutagiria nthiugur na gugatua kanya ka witi
na mbele bwa kuthiria kuthithia na gukurukia njira
ingi iria itiita ruugo rwa kaboni rurwingi.
Charlie Williams, Munini wa munenene wa
Clean Air Action Corporation (CAAC), nawe
naugire, “Ndene ya miaka ikumi na inna iu ikurukite
nitwithiritwe turina wasi wasi kwegie mantu jathatu:
Mbele, ati arimi baria batonyete kiri TIST
bathongomie miturire yao gukurukira ngugi ciao.
Bwa jairi. Ati CAAC ikathithia bia gutegeera na
kuthima mantu ja TIST bwega na gutina witho. Bwa
jathatu ati mantu ja TIST jaathimwa arimi bakona
Mweri muthiru, nitwaariririe ugiti miti yonthe
ndene ya semina ya GOCC iria yathithirue Gitoro
mweri jwa itantatu 2014, orio tukurikia kiatho gia
kugwirirua uritaniri ngugi bwa TIST na USAID miaka
itano buria buumbene.
Mweri juju, nitukuburikania uria twaugire
mweri muthiru riria tworirie arimi ba TIST batue
nteto na mathuganio kwegie njira iria njega buru
ya kuthiria ugiti miti yonthe ndene ya miunda ya
TIST. Atongeria ba TIST ndene ya LC nibathurire
Charles Ibeere (0720 474209) kuritaniria ngugi ya
akui na atongeria ba cluster, arungamiri ndene ya
GOCC na arimi ba TIST kiri gutegeera untu bubu.
Kurina bata kurikana kandarasi ya GhG, iria
arimi bonthe basainiti, iria yugite arimi nibagwitikiria
gwika miti igita riraja. Itikagiria arimi aki gutaura
miti (kethira nikuianiritie mono), kugita biang’i bia
gutumira ja nku, na kugita mwanka gicunci kia miti
itano kiri o miti igana ya gikundi o mwaka miti
yakinyia miaka ikumi kana yakura nkuruki.
Rwatho ruru rurina bata mono kethira
tukendelea kwithirwa turi ndene ya thoko ya ruugo.
Aguri ba kaboni nibendaga guhakikishirwa ati miti
iria bakugurira ruugo igekwa iri moyo. Naria arimi
bagiitaga miti, aguri ba ruugo nibaregaga kugura
kuumania nabo niuntu boonaga kurina ugwati bwa
iguru mono. Giki nikio gitumi mathithio ja arimi
babakai baria baunaga rwatho ruru jomba gutuma
aguri bakarega kugurira arimi bangi ba TIST ruugo
rwao.
Nikwithiritwe kurina kinya mantu jangi.
Murimi uria ugitaga miti nethiritwe akiritanagwa,
gutarirwa miti na kuewa gazeti o mweri ni TIST.
Mbeca iji itumiritwe kiriwe niciriagwa ni arimi
bangi.
Kurikanua mantu jaria GOCC yaugire ikathithia,
ringira Charles (0720 474209) kwegie:
a) Mathuganio kuuma kiri arimi bang indene ya
micemanio ya cluster kwegie matagaria jaria
jabati kujukua kiri baria bagitaga miti yonthe
ndene ya miunda ya TIST.
b) Uria murimi uria ugitaga miti yonthe akaria
arimi bangi nikenda abarigiria mbeca iria
bakagitwa ndene ya thoko ya ruugo.
kiumo kingi kia mbeca kiribo. ” Mweri jwa itano,
2011, muradi jwa TIST jwari jwa mbele ndene ya
nthiguru kurikia gutegerwa ngugi na gukurukithua
na nandi nibathithiritue untu bou maita ikumi na
janna. Williamsa nongerere, “Turina kugwirua
kwithirwa turina aguri baria boonete uumbani
bwetu kiinto na baita kiri muntu iria kugura ruugo
rwa TIST kuretaga. Bairi ba aguri baba ba bata,The
Carbon Neutral Company na Microsoft kinyabo
nibashindite kiewa kuumani na Environmental Finance. Kambuni iji ya The Carbon Neutral Company niyathurirwe iri “Muguri umunini uria mwega
buru” na Microsoft niyathurirwe iri kambuni iria
njega buru kiri kambuni inene. TIST nitaga na mbele
gucokera na gutamba niuntu kurina milioni inyingi
cia arimi baria bakwenda gutonya. Nitweterete
mono kuumba kwona mbeca ing’ani cia gukinyira
jaria arimi bakwenda, na kwongera baita cia TIST
kiri ugaruki bwa rera ya nthiguru.”
TIST: Ugiti bwa miti yonthe ndene ya miunda ya TIST
ni kuuna na njira inene jaria TIST ikirite na kinya
kandarasi ya GhG. Nikugitaragia mantu jameega jaria
jakuthithua ni arimi ba TIST ngiri nyingi.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
Mantu jaja no ujone aja www.tist.org kana aja www.tist.org/mobile.
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KIMERU VERSION 4
Batwi, arimi ba TIST kuuma Igembe ria gaiti
nitukugwirua tukinenkanira ripoti ya jaria tuumbite
gukinyira gukurukira kwithirwa turi kiri muradi jwa
TIST. Ti aki indi ni amwe na:
1. Nituritanagwa o mweri ni nthumba cia cluster
na kinya kuewa gazeti ya o mweri iria itagwa
Mazingira Bora. Bubu nibutumbithitie
kuongerwa uciari bwa miunda yetu bwa
mpempe, matunda na imera bingi. Nituthomete
kubangira miunda yetu bwega nkuruki, kunyiyia
gukamatwa kwa muthetu, kwongera unoru
bwa muthetu, kurima na njira ya Kilimo Hai na
kuthithia mboleo ya mati.
2. Arimi baria baankene na nduuji nibaritani
kumenyeera nteere cia nduuji. Bubu nibutumite
gukethirwa kurina ruuji rurutheru igita rionthe
rwa ndithia cietu na rwa gutumira mantune jetu
ja nja. Kwongera, nitumenyerete miunda yetu
kuumania na kuthukua kuria kuumanagia na
gukamatwa kwa muthetu.
3. Mantu jaria TIST ikirite na utongeria bwa
kuthiuruka buria bumenyaga ati muntu wonthe
muka na murume nakwona kanya nigutumite
ntuura cietu ciagaruka na njira inene. Aka,
arume na antu babethi nibaei twanya
tung’anene twa kujukia itia bwa utongeria,
kwonania na kunenkanira iewa bia utongeria,
gwakana gatigati kao na kuuma na mathuganio
jameru niuntu bwa witi na mbele na gukura
gwetu.
4. Mbeca cia gwikanira motisha kuuma kiri TIST
nicitethetie kugarura miturire ya arimi babaingi.
Ndene ya cluster imwe, arimi nibaibanganitie
kuthithia wiki mbeca, kuriunganira kimbeca na
kwou bagaciarithania utethio buria bwitaga kiri
murimi.
5. Utumiri bwa mariko ja TIST jaria jatumagira
nkuu inkai nibutethagia kwongera miti niuntu
miti imikai nkuruki nigitagwa gutumirwa ja nku.
Mariko jaja nijatethetie kuthongomia thiria na
kunyiyia ugwati niuntu toi ni inkai na ieitagwa
ikauma riikone na kwou aana no bakare bwega
mono riikone niuntu ugwati nibunyiagua.
Cluster ya Athi ni imwe ya cluster cia TIST iria ikwibangania gukurukira gwika mbeca. Mbicha iji
yajukirue mucemanione jwao jwa o mweri jwa mweri jwa mugwanja 2014
TIST ndene ya Igembe.
Ni William Mwito , Nthumba ya cluster ya TIST ikuuga.
KIMERU VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Muthetu nimbi?
Muthetu ni gicunci kia iguru buru kia nthi. Jwithagirwa
jurina ruugo, ruuji, biria biorete na kinya mineral.
Muthetu juthithagua atia?
Kunangwa kwa maiga nikuejanaga mineral iria ciendekaga
kiri imera nikenda bitigakue. Imera riu nibiongagirwa
muthetune niuntu nibioraga na bikathuthurukanga. O
uria maiga jamaingi jakuunikanga nou imera bibi biori
bikwongereka, nikenda ruuji rurwingi nkuruki rumba
gwikwa ndene ya muthetu, na kwou rumba gwitithia
na mbele gukuria imera.
Niki into bibi biori birina bata?
Into bibi biori (mono kuumania na kwora kwa imera)
nibiritaga irio bibingi, biria biithagira birio niuntu bwa
imera bibieru. Kinya nibiikaga tunyomoo turia turi baita
ndene ya muthetu, bigatethia ruuji gutonya muthetune
na kinya bigatethia muthetu kugwatana amwe bwega.
Nimbi yugaga muthetu juria jurio ni jwa
muthemba juriku?
• Rera: Murutira na ruuji ruria rurio niruugaga mpwi
ya iiga ya kuunikanga
• Tunyomoo: Tunyomoo tumwe nituritaga ngugi ya
bata ya kuungania muthetu ja mang’ionyo jaria
jetagwa earthworms. Tunyomoo twa muthetu
nitutethagia kworia imera na nyomoo na tungi
nitutethagia gwikira nitrogen ndene ya muthetu
(ja Rhizobium bacteria).
• Uria muunda jukari: Mung’uanano, muthetu kibarine
ni jumuceke na jukamatangagwa nkuruki ya
muthetu juria jwithagirwa juri miurone.
• Iiga riria juumenie nario: muthemba jwa iiga riria
muthetu juumite.
• Mathithio ja antu: uria tutumagira na kumenyeera
muthetu jwetu gukauga unoru bwaju.
The texture of the soil you have depends on how much
sand, silt and clay it is made from.The diagram on the
following page shows you the main categories of soil
texture. The texture of the soil and structure influence
how easily roots can penetrate the soil, and how much
water can be retained.
Niki pH ya muthetu irina bata?
Acidi kana alkali iria iri kiri muthetu (PH yaju) niugaga
kethira irio birio niuntu bwa imera nani tunyomoo
turiku muthetune tukoomba gutuura. Jaria maingi irio
bia muthetu nibitonyaga ruujine (na kwou imera
nobibijukie bikijukia ruuji) riria muthetu jurina acidi
nkuruki ya riria jukiri kii kana juri alkaline.
Indi, kethira muthetu jurina acidi inyingi mono bakteria
inyingi itiumba gukura, na bubu bukanyia kwora kwa
imera na nyomoo. Mithetu imiega ya iguru imingi iri PH
ya 5.5 gwita 7.5 na nimiiru (rangi)
Muthetu jumunoru ni juriku?
• Muthetu jumunoru ni juria jurina irio bionthe biria
bikwendeka niuntu bwa imera gutuura bing’ani
• Primary nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
• Secondary nutrients: sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Micronutrients: iron, manganese, boron, chlorine,
zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel.
Kuongera unoru bwa muthetu
• Thugania kwongera nitrogen ( mboleo itiumi
kuumania na imera biria biikagira nitrogen
muthetune ) na Phosphorus ( rock phosphate).
• Uthurania na utumire ntaka ya ndithia na
maumago. Ni injega nkuruki yathithirua kirinyene.
Mboleo itiumi no ithirwe irina ammonia inyingi
mono (iria iumba kugitaria imera) na noithirwe iri
tunyomoo turia turetaga mirimo tutwingi.
Watumira ntaka itiumi, tunmira inkai na ukare mieri
nkuruki ya iiri mbele e wikira yo kairi.
• Ongera mati gukurukira gwika kirinyene (ja uria
ukwirwa aja nthi)
• Tumira mitire iria miega bubu ya urimi bubwega ja
uria wathiri jamaingi kanyuma au:
o Kugarurania imera
o Kuanda imera biungenue
o Kuungania miti na imera
o Anda imera biria bicokagia nitrogen
muthetune biri bia gukunikira nthi
o Tiga muunda jutiandi
o Use of mulch
o Tumira marinya ja kilimo hai
o Nyiyia ukamati bwa muthetu gukurukira
kuanda miti, kwinja mitaro
• Thugania kuandaniria Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan),
Dolichos lablab, Mucuna pruriens, Crotalaria,
Canavalia.
• Thugania kwongera muju, juria jurina calcium na
potassium carbonate na wingi.
• Ongera lime kethira nwiji muthetu jwaku jurina
acidi inyingi
• Ni bwega nkuruki kurega kwongera mineral ingi
(nkuruki ya iria ciithagirwa ciri mboleone)
utithimite muthetu jwaku kwona ni irio na mineral
iriku cikwendeka.
• Magitene jamwe no witie gwikira fertilizer ya nduka.
Ikira kulingana na uria muthithia aandikite na urie
afisa ba urimi ni iriku ciri injega kiri ntuura yaku
Kuthithia mboleo
Mboleo ya kuthithia na imera ni fertilizer ya kuumania
na into bitina ugwati ya gutethia imera biaku bikura
bwega. Ni injega nkuruki ya fertilizer cia nduka niuntu
TIST: Unoru bwa muthetu.
KIMERU VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
icithithitie yongwa na itina ugwati kiri imera na kiri naria
kuthiurukite. Kuthithia mboleo iji ni njira imwe ya iria
mbuthu, itina goro na injega ya kwongera unoru bwa
muthetu.
Nimbi yumba kuthithia mboleo?
• Matigari ja imera, iria, mathangu jamoomu, imera
biria bigiti, mboleo na maumago ja ndithia, mati jaria
ndithia imamagira, matigari ja irio kuuma riiko na
manyani, muju, maratati jagitangi na kandibodi
• Ugatumira nyama, into kinya biriku kuumania na
ndithia, maguta jamomu kana ja ruuji, sikerebu kana
mikebe ya mibira.
Mitire iria miega buru ya kuthithia mboleo ya
imera:
• Taara antu kurina kirundu gwa gwika int bibi biri
au iguru
• Kunikira na mabura kana kiratasi kia nailoni
• Ikiira ruuji igitene ria uumo
• Karia kuumania na ngai (iria yumba gukamata irio
biria bikwendeka)
• Ja mutaratara tegera ati:
o Gicunci kimwe kiri bithatu ni imera bitinyaari
( manyaki, matunda, nyani, makonyo ja nkara,
makonyo ja nkandi, mboleo kuumania na
ndithia, maria, imera)
o Gicunci kimwe kiri bithatu ni “imera binyaari
( mathangu joomi, nyaki injumu, sondasti,
makandibondi na matigari ja imera warikia
guketha)
o Gicunci kimwe kiri bithatu ni into bibirito ja
biang’i bigitangi na matigari jamanene ja imera.
o Menyeera ati uritumira imera biria
bitirathithia mbeu na ugatumira imera biria
biajitue.
o Rikanira into bibi amwe kana kirinyene. Ruugo
nirwendekaga kuthithia mboleo iji, kwou
urugania into bibi amwe bwega na ukamamiria
into bibi mono.
• Ikiira ruuji, ukunikire na urekane nabio mieri imikai
nikenda into bibi bikoora. No uruganie into bibi
o igita nyuma ya igita.
• Mboleo iji yeja gutendera kana kununka no ithirwe
irina ruuji rurwingi mono kana ithirwe irina into
bitiumi bibingi mono. Ongera imera bibiumu
gwakarika ou na uruganie.
• Geria into biaku biithirwe biri tayari kuunganua,
gwikirwa ruuji, gukunikirwa na gwikwa mieri iiri
kana ithatu mbele ya mbura yambiria nikenda
igatethia igitene ria kuanda.
• Mboleo iji ibati kwithirwa iria ya rangi ya muthetu
na ikiunikang’aga riria iri tayari. No ucunke mboleo
iji nikenda wona iria iunikangi bwega, na wongere
jau manene kirinyene nikenda ija gutumirwa riu
ringi.
Bimwe bia ikundi bia TIST nibitumagira njira imwe iria
boonaga igitaga ngugi. Nibaejene matagaria jaja:
Kuthuranira mboleo ya mati na njira iria ikundi
bimwe bia TIST bitumagira:
1) Taara antu aria ukeenja kirinya giaku kia warie bwa
mita inya na uraja bwa mita inya.
2) Theria antu au
3) Inja kirinya kirina warie bwa mita ithatu gwita inya
na mita imwe na nusu kwinama.
4) Uthurania matigari ja imera biaku jaria urinajo na
ugitange tue tunini. ( mung’uanano mathangu na
mati ja mpempe, miere na ming’au)
5) Ikira matigari jaja kirinyene mwanka gitigare nusu
mita.
6) Ongeera lita ithano cia muju
7) Riu wongere centimita mirongo ithatu (kana o iria
ikwoneka) cia mburi kana nguku).
8) Ongera matigari ja imera nusu mita
9) Ikira lita ingi ithano cia muju
10) Ongera matigari ja imera kairi mwanka kirinya
kiende kuujura
11) Mutia, ikira muthetu mwanka kirinya kiujure
12) Ukiujuria kirinya na muthetu, tonyithia muti
jumuraja gatigati ga kirinya mwanka jukinye
nthiguru buru.
13) Tigana na kirinya giki ntuku mirongo kenda (mieri
ithatu)
14) . Igitene riri tumira ruuji rwaku rwa ruko gwikira
boleo. Mung’uanano, warikia kuthambia nyomba
kana nguo ciaku, ituura ruuji ruru ugutumagira
kirinyene. Kethira urina ndithia ituura maumago
jacio iguru ria kirinya.
15) Geria wikagire kirinya kiu ruuji na njira iji ntuku
cionthe kana oriria ruuji rurio.
16) Ntuku mirongo kenda ciathira, mboleo ikethira
iri tayari. Tumira muti kuthima mwanki – mboleo
yayia no mwanka ithirwe irina mwanki mwanka
toi yoneke ikiumaga mutine wajurita ku.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kikuyu Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Uhoro mwega:TIST niicaguritwo iri namba 1 hari honge iria ciniinaga carbon thiini
wa thi yothe. Page 2
TIST: Gutema miti ya TIST ni kuna watho wa TIST values na Greenhouse Gas
Contract. Nigutumaga miturire ya arimi angi a TIST ithuke. Page 3
TIST Thiini wa Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Unoru wa tiiri. Page 5
Inside:
KIKUYU VERSION 2
ARIMI KWONANIA NOMAGIRITHIE MARIA
MATURIGICIIRIENAMATEITHIE THI YOTHE.
Thiini wa Tulsa, Oklahama, USA, kuri 30 June,
2014 – The International Small Group and Planting
Program (TIST) niyacagurirwo iri namba 1 hari
kueheria na kunina carbon hari utuiriauriia wekirwo
ni Enviromental Finance. Gukuuranwo guku,
gucagurwo ni athomi a thoko ya carbon thi yothe
nikwonanitie maundu maria arimi a TIST
makoretwo makiamukira kumana na kuruta wira
hamwe hari kuhanda miti na guthomithania maundu
megii kwagirithia miturire.
Enviromental Finance ni ngathiti ya online iria
yambiriirie mwaka wa 1999 niguo kuheana uhoro
wa wonjorithia, green finance ohamwe na
kumurika honge iria cikoragwo thoko-iniino ya
carbon. TIST niyo yabere hari honge ici
gukuuranwo ni Enviromental Finance.
TIST ni urimi, uhandi wa miti, uthii wanambere
na kwehutia carbon iria ikoragwo thiini wa Kenya,
Uganda, India na Tanzania. Tisti yambiriirio iri ya
murimi munini na ungihota kuhanda na gutungata
miti kuria kuhinyiririku niguo agirithie mugunda.
Njira ino niininaga mathina mucii na ikagirithia
maria maturigiciirie na utemi wa miti, biodiversity
kuninwo, imamo cia nyamu na ugaruruku wa riera.
Ngatho nyingi hari uhotani uyu ciagiriirwo niguthii
kuri arimi a TIST, uu niguo Ben Henneke, umwe wa
aria mambiriirie TIST augire. “arimi aya monganagia
mbegu, magathondeka nathari, makahanda miti na
makamiiga iri muoyo kuri na riua, makariithia mahiu,
arimi a TIST ni a magegania muno. Nimaretiira
umithio wa miti yao ohamwe na kugia na maria
maturigiciirie mega. Ngerenwa ino irakurana wira
muritu uria urutitwo ni makiria ma arimi 70,000
aria marahanda miti, magithomithanagia na
guteithania”
“Kunina mititu niyo njira imwe yak i-mundu
ya kuongerera CO2, na arimi anini ni amwe a aria
mahutagio ni ugaruruku wa riera,” Henneke agithii
na mbere. “hari miaka 14 mihetuku, atumia na athuri
makiria a TIST nimoete makinya ma gucokereria
miti na kwagirithia migunda yao na matuura.
Kuhitukira githimi kiega kia gukura kwa miti yao
na magathondekanjira ya kwona mbeca kuhitukira
kwendia carbon credits. Carbon credits ici
ciendagrio cabuni na andu aria marenda guteithia
mawira ma arimi a TIST”
Carbon credits cia TIST ciakuma India, Kenya
na Uganda cithuthuragio ni Verified Carbon
Standards(VCS) na Climate, Community &
Biodiversity(CCB) hamwe na “Gold” Level.“wendia
wa credits ici ci kirathi kia iguru cia TIST riu
niukoretwoukinyitirira miena ino na niyagirwo
guthii n mbere guteithia kwa miaka ingi 25-30, “
Henneke akiuga. Hari na kigina makiria kia
gutheremia, nituguthii na mbere na kwirugamirira
hari mutaratara uyu.
Arimi a TIST nimonnanitie ati riria twahuthira
njira njeru na cia ki-riu, kuhanda miti mthemba
miingi, kuruga na riiko ritarahuthira ngu nyingi na
kuiyukia njira njega cia ugima wa mwiri. Uthuthuria
wa ica ikuhi niwonanitie ati umithio uria arimi
makoretwo naguo niukirite garama ya gutwarithia
TIST na mbere.
Henneke ningi niaugire “nitunyitaniire na
USAID Kenya makiria ma miaka 5 niguo gutheremia
TIST Kenya niguo arimi makiria na muno atumia
na mbeu njithi magie na umithio muiingi na
meteithie, magirithie biodiversity na utheru wa
maai na kugitira mititu. Uteithio wa USAID thiini
wa Kenya ningi niuteithitie andu angi kuma
mabururi mangi riria mitaratara mieru iria
ithondekeirwo Kenya yathomithio arimi angi.TIST
niyonanitie ati riria wagirithia matuura hamwe na
thi yothe niguo uthondekaga njira nyingi cia
Uhoro mwega:TIST niicaguritwo iri namba 1 hari
honge iria ciniinaga carbon thiini wa thi yothe.
KIKUYU VERSION 3
uthondeki wa mbeca. Turi na makiria ma 1billion
acre cia migunda iria itari mirime na irabatra
kuhandwo miti,TIST niyonanitie ati “Payments for
Enviromental Services” kuri arimi nokunyihie
greenhouse gases na gikiro kinene muno na
guthondeka mibango yak i-riu ya “Low carbon”
Charlie Williams, Vece President wa Clean Air
Action Corporation (CAAC) akiuga “gwa kahinda
ka miaka 14 tukoretwo na maundu matatu ma
mbere: wa mbere ati arimi aria maingira TIST
nimagia na miturire miega kuhitukira wira wao. Wa
keeri, ati CAAC niiguthondeka mutaratara wa
kurumirira niguo ihote guthima maciaro
makinyaniru na wa gatatu, ati maciaro mao
nimatuika njira ya kwona mbeca kuri o.
Kuri May 2011, mutaratara wa TIST niguo wari
wa mbere thiini wa thi kurikia certification cia VCS
na CCB na riu niurikitie mutaratara ucio maita 14.
Williams akiuga. “ nitukenete nigukorwo na
customers marakuurana ati technical experience
na umithio wa mundu uria umanaga na Tist tonnes.
Eeri a customer aya a bata ni The Carbon Neutral
Company, na Microsoft aria onao makoretwo na
ngerenwa kuma kuri Enviromental Finance.The
Carbon Neutral Company niyacagurirwo iria njega
muno “The Best Offset Retailler” na Microsoft
igicagurwo “The Best Corporate Offset
Programme.” TIST niithiite nambere na gutherema
tondu kuri na arimi milioni nyingi aria marenda
kuingira. Nitwetereire kugia na kigina gia kuhota
gukinyaniria meririria ma arimi niguo tuhote
kuhurana na ugaruruku wa riera.
Mweri muhetuku, nitwaririe uhoro wa
utemi wa miti thiini wa GOCC semina iria ya Gitoro
kuri June 2014, thutha wa gukunguira TIST-USAID
partnership ya miaka 5.
Mweri uuyu, nituramuirikania uhoro wa last
month niguo kumuthomithia na kuigua maeoni
manyu uria tungihota kunina utemi wa miti.
Utongoria wa TIST niwathurire Charles Ibeere
(0720 474209) niguo arutithanie wira na atongoria
a TIST hamwe na arimi niguo uhoro uru wariririo
wega.
Niwega kumenya ati contract ya Green
House Gas, iria arimi othe a TIST mekirite kirore
yugite ati arimi magiriirwo nikuiga miti iri muoyo
gwa kahinda karaihu. Niitikiritie arimi kuhurura miti
na gutagania (angikorwo niikuhaniriirie) kana
gutema gicunji kia 5% kia miti ya gikundi rria yakinyia
miaka 10.
Mawatho maya nimathiite na mbere
nakuhuthika thiinwa tabaarira ya carbon. Aguri a
carbon nimendaga kuona miti iria maragura carbon
credits kuma kuri yo iri muoyo. Riria arimi matema
miti yao, aguri aya nimaregaga kugura carbon credits
icio kuma kundu kuu tondu gutuikaga kuri na ugwati.
Giki nikio gitumi arimi magiriirwo nigutiga
gutema miti niguo carbon credits ciao cigurwo.
Kuri na maundu mangi ningi. Murimi uria watema
muti akoretwo akiamukira githomo, utari wa miti
na ngathiti ya MB. Mahuthiro maria mari make
matwaragirwo arimi aria angi.
Ta kiririkania uhoro wigii maundu maria
GOCC yaugire niikurumirira, araniria na Charles
(0720474209) uhoro wigii:
a) Mawoni ma arimi aria angi thiini wa micemanio
ya cluster uhoro wigii makinya maria
makwoerwo aria matema miti.
b) Uria arimi aria matema miti maririhaga aria angi
niguo uhoro ucio unyihanyihe.
TIST: Gutema miti ya TIST ni kuna watho wa
TIST values na Greenhouse Gas Contract.
Nigutumaga miturire ya arimi angi a TIST ithuke.
KIKUYU VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Mwandiki: William Mwito, Ndungata ya Tist Cluster
Ithui, arimi a TISIT kuma Igembe South turi na gikeno
tukimenyithania ati maundu maria tuhotanite ni
maingi kumana na gukorwo turi thiini wa tabaarira
iro ya TIST. Maya nao ni;
1. Nitwamukagira githomo o mweri kuma kuri
ndugata cia cluster na kuamukira ngathiti ya o
mweri ya Mazingira Bora. Njira ino
niituteithitie kwongerera maciaro ma mbembe,
matunda na irio ingi. Nituthomete kwagirithia
migunda iitu, kugitira tiiri, kwongerera unoru.
Nituthomete maundu ta Kilimo Hai na
guthondeka thumu.
2. Arimi aria mari ruui-ini nimathomithagio
kugitira njuui. Njira ino niitigiriire ati kuri na
maai maingi kur nyamu na andu. Makiria,
nitugitirite migunda iitu kumana na kuhinjio
gwa tiiri.
3. Values ciaTIST na utongoria wa
guthiururukana tukirora muno atumia
niciteithitie hari kwagirithia matuura maitu na
miikarire. Athuri na atumia makoragwo na
mieke iiganaine thiini wa utongoria niguo
maheane na kuruithie iheo ciao wira kuri aria
aangi.
4. Mikahuro kumana na uhandi wa miti ya TIST
nicitumite miturire ya arimi aingi muno
igaruruke. Thiini wa cluster imwe arimi
nimeyumbite niguo makorwo na itati na
meteithie makiria.
5. Uhuthiri wa mariiko ma TIST nimateithagia
kwongerera miti tondu ti miingi iratemwo
niundu wa ngu. Mariiko maya nimongereire
ugima wa mwiri wa andu tondu matirutaga
ndogo nyingi na kwa uguo ciana cigakorwo
ciri ngitire muno.
TIST Thiini wa Igembe.
Mwandiki ni William Mwito, muruti wa wira wa cluster ya TIST
KIKUYU VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Tiiri ni kii?
Tiiri ni mwen wan a-iguru wa thi. Ukoragwo na
riera, maai na unoru hamwe na minerals.
Tiiri uthondekagwo atia?
Gwatukanga na kumumuthuka kwa mahiga nikuo
guthondekaga tiiri uria uhotithagia mimera gukura.
Mimera ningi niyongagirirwo tiiri-ini. Riria mahiga
makiria mamumuthuka, noguo tiiri muingi
uthondekagwo kwa uguo maai maingi nimakuigwo
tiiri-ini na kwongerera gukura kwa mimera.
Nikii organic matter iri ya bata?
Organic matter (Iria ithondekagwo muno kumana
na kubutha kwa mimera) niurutaga unoru muingi
uria woyagwo ni mimera na ikanyitirira miturire
ya indo cia tiiri-ini iria cikoragwo na umithio muingi
kuri tiiri na ukauteithia kugia na hinya na kuhotithia
maai gutonya thiini.
Nikii kimenyithanagia muthemba wa tiiri?
• Riera: Urugari na maai riria cioneka
nicikoragwo na effect kuri kumumuthuka kwa
mahiga.
• Organisms: Bacteria, fungi na minyongoro ni
imwe cia iria ciikaraga tiiri-ini. Imwe
nicinnyitaga itemi hari gutukania tiiri ta
earthworms. Organisms cia tiiri niciteithagia
kubutha na gueithia mimera.
• Topography: Uria mugunda uikare. Kwa
muhiano, tiiri uri kundu kuinamu niukoragwo
uri muceke na ugakuuo ni maai na-ihenya
gukira tiiri ungi uri kundu kuigananu.
• Parent material: Muthemba wa mahiga maria
mathondekete tiiri.
• Human Behaviour: Uria tuhuthagira na
kumenyerera tiiri witu niutumaga unoru
ukorwo uria uri.
Uria tiiri uhana kuringanaga na muigaa wa muthanga,
silt na clay uuthondekete. Diagram ino ironania
mithemba ngurani ya tiiri. Muthemba wa tiiri
niwonanagia uria miri ingiingira tiiri-ini na muigana
wa maai uria ungiimgira thi.
Bata wa soil pH nikii?
Uria tiiri uri na acini na alkali niyo pH na niyugaga
nutrients iria iri tiiri-ini na muthemba wa tiiri uria
ungikorwo mwena ucio na unyitirirwo wega.
Nutrients nyingi cia tiiri nicikoragwo na uhoti wa
kumumuthuka na kwa uguo cigateithia kuiyukio ni
mimera riria tiiri uri na acid gukira riria uri na alkali.
Ona kuri o uguo, angikorwo tiiri uri na acid nyingi
noguo bacteria nyingi citangikura na organic matter
cikaremwo ni kubutha.Tiiri muingi uria wa iguru
ukoragwo na pH ya 5.5-7.5 na ukoragwo na rangi
muiru.
Tiiri munoru ni uriku?
Tiiri uria munoru ni uria ukoragwo na nutrients
iria cibataranagia hari gukura kwa mimera.
• Primary nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus,
potassium
• Secondary nutrients: sulphur, magnesium,
calcium
• Micronutrients: iron, manganese, boron,
chlorine, zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel
Maundu ma kwongerera tiiri unoru.
• Ongerera nitrogen(na njira ya thumu muigu)
ohamwe na phosphorus(na njira ya mahiga).
• Ungania na uhuthire thumu wa mahiu na
mathugumo. Uyu ukoragwo uri mwega riria
wabutha. Uria utar mubuthu noukorwo na
ammonia nyingi(iria ingithukia mimera).
Thumu uyu niukoragwo na pathogens nini.
Ungihuthira utari mubuthu, huthira utari
muingi na uutige gwa kahinda ka mieri 2 .
• Ongerera organic matter kuhitukira
composting
• Huthira njira iria njega na hitukie.
o Kuhanda mithemba miingi ya irio hamwe
na gucenjania imera.
o Kuhanda miti mugunda-ini wa irio
o Gutiga mahuti mabuthire mugunda
o Kuhuthira marima ma Kilimo Hai.
o Nyihia erosion na kuhanda miti, kwenja
terraces kana fanya juu.
• Huthira intercropping na Pigeon pea (Cajanus
cajan), Dolichos lablab, Mucuna pruriens,
Crotalaria, Canavalia.
• Ongerera muhu, uria I ukoragwo na calcium
na potassium carbonate.
• Ongerera lime anbatarikgikorwo tiiri waku
niukoragwo na acid nyingi.
• Niwega kwaga kwongerera minerals (tiga iria
cikoragwo thumuini) utarorete tiiri wega
niguo wone kana nicirabatarikana.
• Nikuri hiingo wagiriirwo nikuongerera
inorganic chemicals fertilizers. Huthira
kuringana na mawatho ma athondeki na
ataalamu a maundu egii tiiri.
TIST: Unoru wa tiiri.
KIKUYU VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
Composting
Compost manure ni thumu utari wa fertilizer uria
uteothagia mimera gukura. Niukoragwo urimwega
gukira wa chemical tondu ni wa ki-nduire na
nduthukagia mimera na maria maturigiciirie.
Composting ni nnjira imwe ya iria huthu makiria
na citari na mahuthiro maingi cia kwongerera unoru
wa tiiri.
Nikii kingihuthika hari guthondeka compost?
• Matigari ma irio, riia, mahuti na mahuti ma miti,
main a mathugumo ma mahiu, irio cia nyumba
matunda, muhu na maratahi .
• Ndukahuthire nyama, daily products, fats, oil
Cuma kana plastic.
Maundu maria wagiriirwo nikurumirira riria
urathondeka compost.
• Huthira handu hari na kiiruru.
• Humbira na marigu kana plastic
• Itiriria maai riria kuri na riua.
• Gitira kumana na mbura(iria ingithambia unoru
wothe)
• Ta njira ici, tigirira;
o 1/3 “green vegetation” (nyeki, matunda,
mboga, makorogoca, makoni, thumu, riia
na mimera)
o 1/3 ‘brown vegetation’ mahuti momu,
straw, nuura, cardboard na matigari ma irio)
o 1/3 indo nene ta miti
o Tigirira niwahuthira indo citari nambegu
na ndukahuthire kindu kiri na murimu.
o Iganirira indo ici hamwe na ndugakindire.
• Itiriria indo icio maai,humbira na utige niguo
cibuthe gwa kahnda ka mieri ta iiri. Nouikare
ugitukanagia indo icio.
• Indo icio cingiambiriria kununga, nikuga ati ciri
na maai maingi kana green vegetation ni nyingi,
ongerera brown vegetation na utukanie.
• Geria gukorwo na indo ici ciothe niguo
utukanie, uitiririe maai na uhumbire na utigie
2-3 months mbere ya mbura niguo ukorwo uri
mwega ukihanda.
• Thumu uyu wagiriirwo gukorwo uri wa brown
na unyitanite. No ucunge thumu niguo wehutie
giko na ukoro na mutukanio mwega.
Ikundi imwe cia TIST nicihuthagira njira ngurani na
makona ciri njega na magataariria haha.
Kuhariria compost manure na TIST groups
1) Hariria handu ha 4mx4m ha kwenja irima.
2) Theria handu hau.
3) Enja irima ria 3-4m na 1.5 uriku.
4) Ungania matigari mothe ma irio na umatinangie
tunini tunini( muhiano mahuti ma mabebe,
muhia na mboco)
5) Itirira mahuti macio irima-ini na utigie 0.5m.
6) Ikira 5l cia muhu
7) Ongerera 30cm mai ma mahiu.
8) Ikira mahuti mangi.
9) Ikira 5l cia muhu ingi.
10) Ikira mahuti nginya uihurie mahuti nginya
uihurie irima.
11) Muthia, ikira tiiri nginya iguru.
12) Riria uraihuria tiiri, ikira muti miraihu gatagati
niguo ukinye thi.
13) Eterera thumu waku matuku 90 kannaa
(3months)
14) Gwa kahinda gaka, huthira maai mari na giko
gwikira irima-ini. Kwa muhiano, thtutha wa
guthambia nyumba, nguo huthira maai macio
kana mathuguma ma mahiu.
15) Itiriria irima maai o muthenya na njira ino kana
riria maai monekana.
Thutha wa 90days thumu waku niugukorwo uri
mwega. Huthira muti uria uhandite gatagati ta
thermometer – riria thumu wagira niwagiriirwo
nigukokorwo uri muhiu na waruta muti ucio.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kiswahili Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Habari njema:TIST imechaguliwa kuwa mradi unaoshughulikia
kusafisha hewa bora zaidi katika dunia nzima. Page 2
Kukata miti yote katika mashamba ya TIST ni kukiuka maadili ya TIST na mkataba
wa GhG wenye athari kubwa sana. Unadhuru matendo mazuri ya maelfu ya wakulima
katika TIST. Page 3
Mradi wa TIST eneo la Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Rutuba ya udongo. Page 5
Inside:
KISWAHILI VERSION 2
WAKULIMA WA MASHAMBA MADOGO
WATHIBITISHA KUWA WANAWEZA KUBORESHA
MAZINGIRA YAO NA KUSAIDIA SAYARI HII
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A., Juni tareha
thelathini, 2014 – Mradi unaoitwa The International
Small Group and Tree Planting Program (TIST)
ulichaguliwa kuwa mradi bora zaidi katika kusafisha
hewa katika utafiti wa dunia nzima uliofanywa na
Environment Finance.. Utambuzi huu uliopigiwa
kura na wasomi waliopo katika soko la kaboni
katika ulimwengu mzima, ulitambua faida nyingi
wanazopata wakulima katika TIST kutokana na
kufanya kazi pamoja ya kupanda miti, na kuunda na
kugawana na wengine njia bora za kufanya mambo
ambazo huboresha maisha yao
Environmental Finance ni huduma ya habari
na uchambuzi kupitia tovuti iliyoanzishwa mwaka
elfu moja mia tisa tisini na tisa ikiwa ya kuripoti
uwekezaji endelevu, fedha kutokana na mimea na
watu na kampuni zinazojishughulisha katika
masoko ya kimazingira.TIST ni mradi wa kusafisha
hewa wa kwanza kutambulika na huduma hii ya
Environment Finance.
TIST ni mradi wa kilimo, upandaji miti,
maendeleo na uuzaji wa kaboni unaofanya kazi
Kenya, India, Uganda na Tanzania.TIST ilianzishwa
na na kwa sababu ya wakulima wenye mashamba
madogo na wanaolima chakula wanaopanda miti
katika mashamba yaliyodhoofika ili kuboresha
maisha yao na kuboresha usalama wa chakula. Kazi
yao inashughulikia pia masuala ya kienyeji, ya
kikanda nay a kimataifa yanayohusu mazingira kama
ukataji misitu, kupotea kwa bionuwai, kuzoea na
mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa.
“Wanaofaa kupongezwa kwa matokeo mazuri
ya mradi huu ni wakulima wa TIST”, Ben Henneke,
mmoja wa waanzishi wa TIST alisema. “Wakulima
hawa wa TIST hukusanya mbegu, kutengeza vitalu,
kupanda miche na kuiweka hai wakati wa kiangazi,
mafuriko, na uvamizi wa ng’ombe, mbuzi na ndovu.
Wakulima wa TIST ni kikundi cha watu chenye
msukumo wa kiajabu. Wanajivunia faida miti yao
inaleta katika maisha yao na mazingira ya dunia
nzima. Zawadi hii ni ya kazi ngumu iliyofanywa na
wakulima zaidi ya elfu sabini wanaopanda miti,
kugawana taarifa, kupima matokeo na kusaidia
wakulima wengine.”
“Ukataji miti katika maeneo yalio na mvua
nyingi ni chanzo moja kubwa zaidi la hewa chafu
inayosababishwa na binadamu, na wakulima wadogo
ni pamoja na wengine wale wanaodhuriwa zaidi
na kubadika kwa hewa, “ aliendelea Henneke.
“Katika miaka iliyopita kumi na nne, wanawake na
wanaume zaidi katika TIST wamechukua hatua
kubadili ukataji wa misitu na kuboresha mashamba
yao na yale yalio katika jamii zao. Kwa kupima ukuzi
wa miti kwa umakini wametengeneza mmea wa
kuleta fedha usioonekana- kaboni inayowekwa
katika miti. Hewa hii iliyotolewa na iliyopimwa
huuziwa makampuni, mashiriki na pia watu
wanaotaka kuhamasisha jitihada za wakulima katika
TIST”. Kaboni ya TIST kutoka India, Kenya na
Uganda ilihakikishwa na kuthibitishwa na VCS na
CCB pamoja na ngazi ya dhahabu. “Mauzo ya tani
hizi za TIST za hali ya juu sasa hushikilia maeneo
yaliyopo na zafaa kuendelea kuleta faida miaka
ishirini na tano hadi thelathini ifuatayo,” alisema
Henneke. “Kukiwa na fedha nyongeza za kuanzia,
tutaendelea kurudia mchakato huu unaojishikilia
wenyewe.”
Wakulima katika TIST wameonyesha kuwa
matumizi ya njia mpya za kilimo, kupanda miti ya
aina mbali mbali, kutumia meko ya kusalimisha
nishati, na kuanza mazoezi mapya bora kiafya yana
athari kubwa sana kwa mapato na afya ya familia.
Masomo ya hivi karibuni kuhusu kudhibitishwa na
kupitishwa mara nyingi yameonyesha kuwa faida
wanazopata wakulima zinazidi kwa umbali gharama
ya kuendeleza mradi.
Henneke aliongeza, “Tumefanya kazi pamoja
na USAID-Kenya miaka mitano iliyopita ya kueneza
TIST katika Kenya ili wakulima zaidi wajiunge nayo,
sana sana wanawake na vijana, ili wapate faida,
waboreshe bionuwai na usfi wa maji, na kulinda
misitu. Usaidizi wa USAID nchini Kenya umefaidisha
wakulima katika kila nchi wakati njia bora za
kufanya mambo huanzishwa Kenya na kupitishwa
kutoka kwa mkulima hadi kwa mwingine. TIST
Habari njema:TIST imechaguliwa kuwa mradi unaoshughulikia
kusafisha hewa bora zaidi katika dunia nzima.
KISWAHILI VERSION 3
Mwezi uliopita, tulijadili kuhusu ukataji miti
yote katika semina ya GOCC iliyofanyika Gitoro
mwezi juni mwaka 2014, mara moja baada ya
sherehe za ushirikiano wenye mafanikio wa miaka
mitano kati ya TIST na USAID.
Mwezi huu, tunabeba kumbusho la makala
mwezi uliopita tukiitisha taarifa na fikira kutoka kwa
wakulima wa TIST kuhusu mawazo bora zaidi
yatayosaidia kumaliza kabisa ukataji miti yote.
Chama cha Uongozi wa TIST kilimchagua Charles
Ibeere (0720 474209) kufanya kazi ya karibu na
viongozi katika cluster, wawakilishi katika GOCC
na wakulima katika TIST kushughulikia suala hili.
Ni muhimu kujua kuwa kandarasi ya GhG ambayo
wakulima wote wa TIST walitia saini, ina mkataba
wa wakulima wa kuweka miti kwa muda mrefu.
Inaruhusu tu wakulima kupunguza miti (ikiwa
imekaribiana sana), kukata matawi ili kupata kuni,
na kukata miti hadi asili mia tano ya miti iliyo katika
kikundi kila mwaka miti inapfikisha miaka kumi au
zaidi.
Kanuni hii ni muhimu ili kuendelea kuhusika
katika mradi wa kaboni. Wanunuzi wa kaboni
huhitaji uhakika kwamba miti ambayo wananunulia
kaboni ipo hai.Ambapo wakulima hukata miti yao,
wanunuzi wa kaboni hukataa kila wakati
kuwanunulia kwani wao huona ni kufanya kazi
yenye hatari kubwa. Hii ndio sababu tendo la
wakulima wachache wanaokiuka kanuni hii laweza
kuwafanya wanunuzi wa kaboni kukataa
kuwanunulia wakulima wengine katika TIST.
Kumekuwa pia na wasi wasi zinginezo.
Mkulima anayekata miti yake yote amekuwa
akipata mafunzo ya TIST, kuhesabiwa miti na kupata
gazeti la Mazingira Bora. Gharama hizi zote
zilizotumika kwake upitishwa kwa wakulima
wengine.
Kama kumbusho, kuhusu hatua GOCC walizoamua
kuchukua, tafadhali ongea na Charles (0720 474209)
kuhusu:
a) Mawazo ya wakulima wengine katika mikutano
ya TIST kuhusu hatua zinazofaa kuchukuliwa
kwa wanaokata miti yote.
b) Jinsi mkulima aliyekata miti yote anafaa
kuwafidia wakulima wengine ili kuwaepusha
kutokana na hasara katika biashara ya kaboni.
yaonyesha kuwa kuboresha mazingira ya karibu nay
a dunia huleta mapato na nafasi zaidi. Kukiwa na
zaidi ya bilioni moja ya mashamba yaliyodhoofika
yanayohitaji kurejeshwa, TIST inaonyesha kuwa
kuanzisha huduma ya kulipia kazi zinazosaidia
mazingira za wakulima katika nchi zenye mvua
nyingi kwaweza kupunguza kwa kasi gesi
zinazoongeza joto duniani na kutupa wakati wa
kuendeleza na kuhakikisha njia zingine za
kiteknolojia zinazotoa kaboni kidogo zaidi.”
Charlie Williams, Makamu wa raisi wa shirika
la Clean Air Action Corporation (CAAC), alisema,
“Katika miaka kumi nan ne iliyopita tumekuwa na
wasi wasi za aina tatu za kimsingi: Kwanza, kuwa
wakulima waliojiunga na TIST wanajiboreshea
maisha kupitia kazi zao. Pili, kuwa CAAC
itatengeneza mifumo na michakato ya kufuatilia
mambo ili kupima kwa usahihi na uwazi matokeo
yao. Na tatu, kuwa matokeo yao yaliyopimwa
yatafanya chanzo kipya cha mapato kwao.” Mwezi
wa tano 2011, mradi wa TIST ulikuwa wa kwanza
katika dunia kukamilisha na kutunikiwa na VCS na
CCB na sasa umemaliza mchakato huu mara kumi
na nne. Williams aliongeza, “Tuna furaha kuwa na
wateja wanaotambua ubora wa kiteknolojia na faida
za kibinadamu ambazo huletwa na ununuzi wa
kaboni hii ya TIST. Wawili kati ya wateja hawa ni ,
The Carbon Neutral Company, na Microsoftambao
pia wametunukiwa zawadi kutoka kwa Environment
Finance. , The Carbon Neutral Company
ilichaguliwa kuwa “Mnunuzi mdogo bora zaidi wa
kaboni” na Microsoft ilichaguliwa kuwa “. TIST
inaendelea kurudia na kupanuka kwa sababu kuna
mamilioni ya wakulima wanaotaka kujiunga nayo.
Tunangoja sana kupata pesa zitakazosaidia kufikia
mahitaji ya wakulima hao, na kuongeza athari yenye
faida ya TIST kwa mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa.”
nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn
Kukata miti yote katika mashamba ya TIST ni
kukiuka maadili ya TIST na mkataba wa GhG
wenye athari kubwa sana. Unadhuru matendo
mazuri ya maelfu ya wakulima katika TIST.
KISWAHILI VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Sisi, wakulima wa TIST kutoka Igembe Kusini,
tunafaraha tukiripoti mafanikio yetu yaliyotokana
na kujiunga na mradi wa TIST. Haya ni pamoja na
bali si tu:
1. Tunapata mafunzo ya kila mwezi kutokana na
watumishi wa cluster pamoja na kupata gazeti
la kila mwezi linaloitwa Mazingira Bora. Haya
ni lili kutusaidia kuongeza uzalishaji wa
mashamba yetu katika mahindi, matunda na
mimea mingine. Tumefunzwa kupanga
mashamba yetu vizuri zaidi, kudhibiti
mmomonyoko wa udongo, kuongeza rutuba ya
udongo, kulima kwa njia ya Kilimo hai na
kutengeneza mbolea ya majani.
2. Wakulima wanaopakana na mito hufunzwa
kuhifadhi maeneo yaliyo kando ya mito.
Mafunzo haya huhakikisha uwepo wa maji safi
tosha kila wakati kwa sababu ya mifugo yetu
na matumizi yetu ya nyumbani. Kuongeza,
tunalinda mashamba yetu kutokana na
kudhoofika kwa kila wakati kwani
mmomonyoko wa udongo unadhibitika.
3. Maadili ya TIST na uongozi wa mzunguko
unaofikiria kuwapa wake na waume nafasi sawa
umesaidia sana kubadilisha jamii yetu. Wake,
waume na vijana wana nafasi sawa za uongozi,
kuonyeshana na kupitisha vipaji vyao vya
uongozi, kujenga imani kati yao na kuleta
mawazo mapya kwa maendeleo na ukuzi wetu.
4. Motisha za miti kutoka kwa TIST zimesaidia
kubadilisha maisha ya wakulima wengi. Katika
baadhi ya cluster, wakulima hujipanga kufanya
benki kati yao, kutembeleana na hivyo basi
kuzidisha usaidizi unaomfikia mkulima.
5. Matumizi ya meko ya kuokoa nishati husaidi
kuongeza miti ilio hai kwani ni miti michache
hukatwa kuwa kuni. Meko haya yamesaidia
sana kuboresha afya na usalama kwani moshi
ni kidogo na huelekezwa nje ya eneo la
kupikia kila wakati, na usalama wa watoto
katika eneo la kupikia huongezeka sana.
Mradi wa TIST eneo la Igembe.
Umeletewa na William Mwito, mtumishi katika cluster ya TIST
KISWAHILI VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Udongo ni nini?
Udongo ni safu ya juu zaidi ya ardhi. Udongo una hewa,
maji, viumbe hai na madini.
Udongo utengenezwa aje?
Kuvunjika kwa miamba ya mawe hutoa madini
yanayoshikilia maisha ya mimea. Mimea ndipo huongezwa
udongoni kama viumbe hai. Jinsi mawe zaidi
yanavyovunjwa na mabaki ya viumbe hai zaidi kuongezwa
ndivyo maji mengi zaidi yaweza kushikiliwa katika
udongo, na kuendelea kuboresha ukuzi wa mimea.
Mbona mabaki ya viumbe hai ni muhimu?
Viumbe hai (sana sana kutokana na kuoza na kutengana
kwa mimea) hutoa virutubisho vingi, vinavyopatikana ili
kuchukuliwa na mimea mipya. Pia hushikilia maisha ya
vijidudu vyenye faida vilivyopo katika udong, husaidia
maji kuingia udongoni na pia husaidia kushikilia udongo
pamoja.
Ni nini huamua aina ya udongo unaopatikana?
• Hali ya hewa: joto pamoja na uwepo wa maji
huathiri wepesi wa kuvunjika kwa mawe.
• Viumbe hai: bakteria, kuvu na minyoo pamoja na
viumbe hai vinginevyo vinavyoishi katika udongo.
Baadhi yavyo hufanya kazi muhimu ya
kuchanganya udongo kama minyoo. Viumbe hai
katika udongo husaidia kuvunja vunja viumbe hai
na vingine husaidia kuingiza naitrojeni udongoni
(kwa mfano Rhizobium bacteria).
• Sura ya ardhi: Kwa mfano, udongo katika miteremko
ni kondefu zaidi kwa ujumla kuliko udongo uliopo
katika mabonde.
• Mawe ulipotoka udongo: aina ya jiwe udongo
ulipotoka.
• Tabia ya binadamu: tunavyotumia na kuhudumia
udongo wetu huathiri rutuba kwa ukubwa.
Udongo unavyohisika kwa mkono hulingana na ni
kiwango kipi cha mchanga, silt na clay kilichopo. Picha
iliyopo kwa ukurasa unaofuata inaonyesha aina za
udongo tukifuatilia unavyohisika kwa mkono. Udongo
unavyohisika kwa mkono na ulivyojengwa huathiri
wepesi ambao mizizi itaingia kwa udongo na kiwango
cha maji kinachowekwa.
Ni kwa nini PH ya udongo ni muhimi?
Jinsi udongo una acidi au chokaa (PH) huathiri
virutubisho vilivyopo ili kutumiwa na mimea na vijidudu
vipi katika udongo vyaweza kuishi. Kwa kijumla
virutubisho vingi katika udongo umumunyika (na hivyo
basi huwa tayari kuchukuliwa na mimea) katika udongo
wenye acidi ikilinganishwa na usio na chochote au
uliona chokaa.
Hata hivyo, ikiwa udongo una acidi nyingi sana, bakteria
haziwezi kuishi na jambo hili litaathiri kutenganishwa
kwa viumbe hai. Udongo wa juu mwingi ulio mzuri huwa
na PH ya kati ya 5.5 na 7.5 na huwa na rangi ya giza.
Udongo wenye rutuba ni upi?
Udongo wenye rutuba ni uliopo na virutubisho
vinavyohitajika ili mimea kuishi kwa wingi.
• Virutubisho vya kimsingi: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
• Virutubisho vya sekondari: sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Virutubisho vinavyotakikana kwa kiwango kidogo:
iron, manganese, boron, chlorine, zinc, copper,
molybdenum, nickel
Mikakati ya kuboresha rutuba ya udongo
• Fikiria kuongeza naitrojeni ( iliyopo katika mbolea
ya kijani iliyotokana na mimea inayoweka naitrojeni
udongoni) na Phosphorus ( iliyopo kama Rock
phosphate).
• Kusanya na utumie kinyesi na mikojo ya mifugo
yako. Hii ni bora zaidi ikiwa katika mbolea
iliyotengenezwa katika shimo. Vyanzo safi huwa na
ammonia nyingi zaidi (ambayo hudhuru mimea)
na vyaweza kuwa na vijidudu vingi zaidi (vijidudu
vinavyoleta magonjwa). Mbolea iliyotengenezwa
katika shimo huwa na wadudu wachache. Ikiwa
utatumia mbolea isiyokauka, tumia kidogo na ukae
kwa muda wa miezi miwili kabla ya kuweka tena.
• Ongeza viumbe hai kupitia kutengeneza mbolea
kama ilivyoelezwa hapa chini
• Tumia njia bora zaidi za kilimo hai kama ilivyoelezwa
katika makala ya hapo nyuma:
o Mzunguko wa mimea
o kulima mimea tofauti pamoja
o Kilimo mseto
o Planting leguminous cover crops Kupanda
mimea ya kufunika ardhi inayoongeza
naitrojeni udongoni
o Kuacha mashamba yakiwa hayajapandwa
misimu mingine
o o Kufunika ardhi kwa mimea
o Kutumia mashimo ya kilimo hai
o Kupunguza mmomonyoko wa udongo
unaosababishwa na maji kwa kupanda miti,
kuchimba mitaro
• Fikiria kupanda pamoja Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan),
Dolichos lablab, Mucuna pruriens, Crotalaria,
Canavalia.
• Fikiria kuongeza jivu kwani lina madini ya calcium
na potassium carbonate kwa wingi.
• Ongeza chokaa (lime) iwapo wajua udongo wako
una acidi kali
• Ni bora zaidi usiongeze virutubisho vingine
(isipokuwa vilivyopo katika mbolea) kabla ya
kupima udongo kwanza ili kuona ni virutubisho
na madini vinahitajika.
• Kuna wakati mwingine unahitajika kuongeza
mbolea ya viwandani. Tumia kama ilivyoelekezwa
na uulizie nizipi ni ni nzuri kwa mazingira ya eneo
lako kupitia kupata ushauri kutokana na
wasimamizi wa kilimo wako
TIST: Rutuba ya udongo.
KISWAHILI VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
Kutengeneza mbolea ya majani
Mboleo ya majani ni mbolea ya kiasilia ya kusaidia mimea
yako kukua. Ni bora zaidi ya mbolea za viwanda kwani
ni ya kiasili na haina athari za kuumiza mimea na
mazingira. Kuandaa mbolea hii ni moja ya njia zilizo
nyepesi, zenye gharama ndogo na bora zaidi za
kuboresha rutuba ya udongo.
Ni nini hutumika kutengeneza mbolea hii?
• Masali ya mimea, magugu, majani yaliyokauka, mimea
iliyokatwa, kinyezi na mikojo ya mifugo, matandiko
ya mifugo, chakula kilichobaki jikoni kutokana na
matunda na mboga, jivu, makaratasi yaliyokatwa na
mbao nyepesi
• Usitumie nyama, vitu vinavyotokana na mifugo,
mafuta, chuma au plastiki.
Mazoezi ya kijumla yaliyo bora zaidi katika
maandalizi ya mbolea hii:
• Chagua eneo lenye kivuli la kuchimba shimo lako
• Funikia kwa majani ya ndizi au kwa karatasi ya
plastiki
• Nyunyizia maji wakati wa kiangazi.
• Linda dhidi ya mvua (ambao hubeba virutubisho)
• Kama mwongozo wa kijumla, lenga:
o Sehemu moja kwa tatu ‘mimea ya kijani’ (nyasi
iliyokatwa, matunda, mboga, mabaki ya mayai,
mabaki ya mbegu za mafuta, magugu, mimea)
o Sehemu moja kwa tatu mimea iliyokauka
(majani makavu, nyasi iliyokauka, mabaki ya
mbao, mbao nyepesi na masalamadogo
madogo ya mimea)
o Sehemu moja kwa tatu vitu vizito kama matawi
yaliyokatwa na mabaki makubwa ya mimea.
o Hakikisha unatumia mimea ambayo haina
mbegu, na usitumie mimea iliyo na ugonjwa.
o Weka vitu hivi kwa safu au katika shimo. Hewa
huhitajika kutengeneza mbolea, kwa hivyo
changanya vitu hivi pamoja na usifinyilie chini
• Nyunyizia maji, funika na uache ili vitengane kwa
muda na miezi michache inayofuata. Waweza
kukuchanganya tena kila baada ya wakati.
• Ikiwa mbolea itakuwa yenye kuteleza au inayonuka
jinsi inavyoendelea, yaweza kuwa na maji mengi
sana au kuwa na mimea ya kijani mingi sana. Ongeza
mimea iliyokauka ili likionekana na uchanganye.
• Jaribu kuhakikisha masala yako yapo tayari
kuchanganywa, kuwekewa maji, kufunikwa na
kuachwa kwa miezi miwili au mitatu kabla ya msimu
wa mvua kuanza ili mbolea iwe tayari wakati wa
kupanda.
• Mbolea yafaa kuwa ya rangi ya kahawia na yenye
kuvunjika kwa urahisi inapokuwa tayari. Waweza
kutenganisha mboleo iliyo na vipande vidogo
vidogo na ile yenye vikubwa vikubwa, na kurudisha
yenye vipande vikubwa shimoni ili iwe tayari wakati
utakaofuata.
Baadhi ya vikundi vya TIST hutumia njia maalum zaidi
ambayo waliiona kuwa yenye ufanisi. Wameeleza
mchakato huo hapa chini:
Hatua za Maandalizi ya mboleo zinazotumika
na baadhi ya vikundi katika TIST:
1) Chagua eneo lenye upana wa mita nne na urefu
wa mita nne la kuchimba shimo lako la taka
2) Fagia sehemu hiyo
3) Chimba shimo la mduara lenye upana wa mita tatu
au nne na mita moja na nusu kina.
4) Kusanya masala yote ya mimea uliyo nayo na
uyakate kuwa sehemu ndogo ndogo (kwa mfano
majani na mashina ya mahindi, mtama, maharagwe)
5) Weka masala haya ya mimea katika shimo ilo hadi
kina cha nusu mita.
6) Halafu ongeza lita tano za jivu
7) Halafu uongeze centimita thelathini (ama kiwango
kiliopo) za kinyesi cha mifugo (kwa mfano kinyesi
cha nguruwe, ng’ombe, mbuzi au kuku).
8) Ongeza safu nyingine ya majani ya mimea na
mashina (nusu mita)
9) Ongeza lita zingine tano za jivu.
10) Ongeza majani na mashina tena hadi shimo likaribie
kujaa.
11) Hatimaye, ongeza safu ya udongo hadi shimo lijae.
12) Unapokuwa ukiweka udongo shimoni, ingiza fimbo
ndefu katikati mwa shimo hadi ifike chini ya shimo.
13) Liache shimo la taka kwa miezi mitatu (siku tisini).
14) Katika kipindi hiki tumia maji yako machafu kuweka
katika shimo hili. Kwa mfano, baada ya kuosha nguo
au nyumba, yamwage maji uliyotumia juu ya shimo.
Ikiwa una mifugo waweza pia kumwaga mikojo ya
mifugo juu ya shimo.
15) Jaribu kuweka maji kila siku kwa njia hii, ama wakati
maji yapo.
16) Baada ya siku tisini mbolea itakuwa tayari. Tumia
fimbo kama kipima joto – mbolea inapokuwa tayari
lazima iwe na joto na waweza kuona mvuke ukitoka
kwa fimbo hiyo baada ya kuitoa.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kikamba Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Uvoo munene: TIST kusakuwa kwithiwa neyo nzeo kwa walany’o wa nzeve itavisaa
(Carbon) nthi yonthe. Page 2
TIST: Kutema miti ngulutu yoothe ila nitalikite nthini wa TIST ni ikosa inene nundu
nuuvitya kwialana wiw’ano na walany’o wa TIST na nyumba sya ngilini sya nzeve. Ni
iumiasya memoko maseo ma makili ma aimi maTIST. Page 3
Walany’o wa TIST kisioni kya Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Unou wa muthanga. Page 5
Inside:
KIKAMBA VERSION 2
AIMI MA NIMA NINI KUIKIITHYA NIMATONYA
KWAILYA MAWITHYULULUKO MOO NA
KUTETHEESYA IKONYO INYA
SYA NTHI KWAILA.
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A. kwi matuku 30/06/2014
TIST ila ni (The International Small Group and Tree
Planting Program) nimasakuiwe kwithiwa nemo
mambee nduniani mena walany’o museo wa
kwailya mawithyululuko nthi yothe usakuani ula
weekiwe ni Environmental Finance. Kumanyikana
kuu kula kwanyuviweni asomi na maprovesa nthini
wa soko ya nzeve itavisaa nthi yothe, imoolotile
moseo ala aimi ma TIST makwataa kumanan na
kuthukuma vamwe kuvandani kwa miti na kiana
vamwe na kumayiany’a iulu wa mawalanyo maseo
undu wa kwailya mathayu moo.
Environmental Finance ni kisese kinyaiikasya
na kunengane mawoni kwa nzia ya internet ila
mambiie unengane livoti syoo kuma mwaka wa
1999 iulu wa kwambiia undu wa kwikalauendee,
ukwati wa ngilini, andu na kambuni ila syiyumitye
undu wa mawithyululuko. TIST niyo yambee
kwambiia kumanyikana ni ngwatanio ino ikwitwa
Environmental Finance.
TIST ni nima ya liu, uvandi wa mi, kwiana na
kuta nzeve itavisaa ila yina wia wayo Kenya, India,
Uganda na Tanzania. TIST niyambiie na aimi anini
ala mavandie miti kusiia muthanga kukuwa na
kwailya mathayu moo vamwe na kwithiwa na liu
wa kwiana. Meko moo methiitwa maialyula vala
mai, nthi syoo na nthi yonthe mawithyululuko
makasenzya nundu wakwithiwa kutemwa kwa miti,
kwaa ka mithemba ya tene, na nzeve kukeuka.
“Makukathiia nthini wa wailu wa walany’o uu
ni aimi ma Tist” Niw’o Ben Hennek ula ni umwe
wa ambiia ma TIST. “ Aimi aya nimo makolanasya
mbindi na ngii sya miti kivathukany’o makaseuvya
ivuio, makavanda na kumisuvia miti ona ivinda yila
kumu kana mbua ne mbingi, makamisuvia indo na
nyamu
kwananga nginya ikena.Aimi ma TIST ni andu amwe
ma kuthuthya muno. Nimeyoneaa na kwikanthiia
undu wa vaita ula makwataa kuma miti mathayuni
moo na mawithyululukoni. Muthinzio uyu
niwaumanyithya na kwinanya wia woo museo ula
mekite na aimi mbee wa 70,000 ala mavandite miti,
makataana na kuolelanila umanyi, kusyaiisya kuvikia
usyao na kutethya aimi angi”.
“Kwengwa kwa miti isioni sya Topical ni
kimwe kati ka ila iseuvitye nzeve itavisaa kuma
munduni, na aimi anini ni amwe kati wa aimi ala
methiitwe maikwata wasyo kumana na uvinduku
wa nzeve”, Henneke niwaendeeie na kuweta.“Kwa
myaka 14 iveti na aume aingi na aingi moo nimoosie
itambya ya kutungiia miunda yoo kwa kuvanda miti
na kwailya itheka sya mbai syoo. Kwa kuthima undu
miti yianite na kuseuvya ingi myeu undu wa “nima
ya useuvya mbesa syinekee kwa menyenyi” (“virtual
cash crop”) ila ni carbon offsets. Nzeve itavisaa
yateewa kambuni, ngwatanio na andu ala
mendaakuthuthya kithito kya aimi ma TIST”.
Nzeve itavisaa kuma India, Kenya na Uganda
nikunikilawa/kuthianwa na kuvitukithya kuvika
kiwango kya Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) na
Climate, Community & Biodiversity(CCB) kila
kivamwe na kiwango kya “Thaavu”. “kutewa kwa
nzeve ya katikati na kiwango kya TIST yu
nikikwatitwe mbau vyu isioni ila syivo na kuendeea
kuete vaita kwa myaka 25-30 yukite” Henneke
niwawetie. “Kwa kuendeea kuthathaa,
nitukuendeea na kwailya wiko uu wa kwiyikalya.
Ithagu ya 2 kwa 2
Aimi ma TIST nimonanitye kwa kutumia nzia
nzau sya nima undu wa kuvanda mithemba
kivathukany’o ya miti, kutumia maiko meu mausuvia
mwaki kuua, kutumia nzia nzeo sya kwikalya uima
wa mii ni kwithiitwe na uthyo na vaita munene kwa
misyi yoo nthini wa ukwati na uima woo. Nthini
wa ukunikili ula uneekiwe omituki wionanya kana
mauseo ala aimi makwataa kwisila walany’oni uyu
nimaingi kwi kila kyatumikie kwambiia walany’o
uyu.
Henneke niwongelile kwasya, “nitweethiiwe
na wiw’ano wa ngwatanio na USAID KENYA kwa
ilungu ya myaka itano mivitu kwoondu wa uyaiikya
Tist kwa aimi aingi Kenya, munamuno iveti na yiika,
ala matonya useuvya moseo maingi kwoo ene, kwa
kwailya kila mwikalo wa kila mbai na kiw’u vamwe
na kusuvia mititu.
Utethyo wa USAID nthini wa Kenya
niwatethisye nthi ila ingi syi nthini wa walany’o uyu
wa TIST ila syithiawa na walany’o museo na
kumanyiany’a muimi kwa ula ungi ula ni undu wa
Uvoo munene: TIST kusakuwa kwithiwa neyo nzeo
kwa walany’o wa nzeve itavisaa (Carbon) nthi yonthe.
KIKAMBA VERSION 3
mbiie vaa Kenya. Tist yionany’a kwailya isio ila
tukwikala na mawithyululuko ma ikonyo inya sya
nthi nikuseuvasya nzia nzau sya kuete ukwati na
mavuso maseo. Twina eka mbee wa mbilioni imwe
ila syanangingite na syikwenda utungiiwa, TIST
niyonanitye kana kuseuvya “ndivi ya kuthukuma
mawithyululuo” (Payments for Environmental
Service) kwa imi nikutonya utuma kula kwi nyumba
sya ngilini ila sumasya nzeve thuku uoleka kwa
mituki na ingi kutuma ataalamu mamantha nzia ingi
ila itekumya nzeve itavisaa mbingi ila ni muvango
umwe wa kusyaiisya uime na kuiikithw’a.
Charlie Williams, ula ni munini wa musumbi
wa ngwatanio ya itambya ya nzeve theu (Clean Air
Action Corporation (CAA), nimawetie uu, “kwa
myaka ikumi na ina mithelu nitwithiitwe na kusisya
maundu atatu ala ni: Mbee Kwina aimi eu mailika
nthini wa TIST kwailya mathayu moo kwa kwiyumya
na kithito kyoo. Keli CAAC kwithiwa itonya
kusyaiisya nakwina uw’o na kyenini kwona
nimanengane usyao waw’o. Kya katatu Kithimi kyoo
kyaw’o ni kyaaka nzia nzau ya ueti ka aimi”. Twi
May 2011 muvango wa TIST wai wambee nduniani
kuminukiliilya sativiketi sya VCS na CCB nayu
nimaminite kwa mavinda 14.Williams niwongelile
na kwasya “Twina utanu kwithiwa na athooa ala
mekuelewa maana ma kuua nzeve itavisaa kwa TIST
kwa nzia ya kutethya mundu. Eli ma aui maitu ni
Carbon Neutral Company na Microsoft ila isindite
kwoondu wa ndivi ya mawithyululuko
(Environmental Finance). Kambuni ya Carbon
Neutral Company niyo yasindie kwithiwa yi nzeo
kwa kuua kuma muimi na Microsoft ya kuniwa kula
kwithiwa neyo nzeo kwa kwambiia u walany’o. TIST
niyiendee na kwikuna kundu na kuthathaa nundu
kwina aimi aimngi me kwenda ulika nthini wayo.
Twiite usyaiisyoni kwona nitwavikia kwithiwa na
ukwati utaonya kuvikia mawendi ma imi asya na
kwongela vaita wa TISTkwoondu wa useo wa
uvinduku wa nzeve”
Mwai muthelu nitwa neenanisye iulu wa miti
kutemwa yonthe yila twai na semina ya GOCC twi
Gitoro mwai wathathatu, itina wa kutania wiw’ano
wa TIST- USAID wa myaka itano kwithiwa wina
wailu.
Mwai uyu nitukumulilikany’a oili iulu wa uzoo
na mawoni ma aimi ma Tist undu wa kutema miti
ute kwenga.Utongoi wa kanzu ya TIST niwa sakuie
Charles Ibeere (0720 474209) kuthukuma kwa
vakuvi na atongoi ma ngwatanio(cluster), GOCC
na aimi ma tist kusisya undu uu.
Ni useo kumanya kana kondulakiti ya nzeve
ya nyumba sya ngilini (Green House Gas) ila aimi
othe maTIST me nthini ya kwikalya miti kwa ivinda
iasa. Wiw’ano uu niunengae muimi uthasyo wa
kuola miti ila ithengeani, kunzea ngava kwa ngu na
kutema miti kilio kya 5% kwa miti a kikundi kila
mwaka yila miti yavitukya myaka ikumi kana
mbeange.
Mwiao uyu ni wavata nundu kuendeea
kwithiwa nthini wa soko wa nzeve itavisaa.Aui ma
nzeve ino nimekwenda kuikiithw’a kana miti ila
mekuuia nzeve itavisaa yivo. Vala aimi matemanga
miti, muui wa nzave ino itavisaa nuleaa kumauia
nundu aasyaa nukwasya. Kii nikyo kitumi kwa
itambya ya muimi umwe kutemanga miti yikutuma
aimi angi matist matauiwa nzeve yoo nundu wa
kwithiwa ula wikite uu e ngwatanioni yoo kana
kikundini kyoo.
Ingi muimi ukutema miti yake yoothe no ethiwe
anakwataa ndivi, umanyisyo wa tist na ithangu ya
Mazingira
Bora. Muimi uyu nutumaa ngalama yake itwawa
kwa ala me ngwatanioni/kikundini kimwe nake
kwoou
uyithia niwamanenga ngalama iteyoo.
Ta ulilikany’o iulu wa matambya kuma GOCC kunia
Charles (0720 474 209) iulu wa:-
a) Leleelo kuma imini ma ngwatanio ingi undu
wa itambya yila yaile osewa ula watemanga
miti yake atekuatiia walany’o wa TIST
b) Undu muimi usu utemangite miti yake ukuiva
imi ala angi kwa wasyo ula meukwata kuma
kwa viasala wa nzeve itavisaa.
TIST: Kutema miti ngulutu yoothe ila nitalikite
nthini wa TIST ni ikosa inene nundu nuuvitya
kwialana wiw’ano na walany’o wa TIST na nyumba
sya ngilini sya nzeve. Ni iumiasya memoko maseo
ma makili ma aimi maTIST.
KIKAMBA VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Ithyi, aimi ma TIST kuma Igembe South twina utanu
kutunga livoti iulu wa kila tuvikiiite kumana na
kwithiwa
twi amemba ma TIST. Tuvikiite aya:-
1. Nitukwataa umanyisyo kila mwai kuma kwa
atongoi maitu ma Tist na tukakwata ithangu ya
Mazingira Bora. Kii nikituteesye kwongela
nima yitu ya mbemba, matunda na maliu angi.
Nitumanyite undu tutonya uvanga miunda yitu
kuvikia usyao mwingi, kusuvia muthanga,
kwongela unou muundani na ingi nima ya
kusuvia (CF) vamwe na kuseuvya vuu wa yiima.
2. Aimi ala matiniie usi nimamanyite iulu wa
uvanda miti ithengeanie nguumoni sya mbusi.
Undu uu nutumitwe twithiwa na kiw’u kitheu
ivinda yonthe kwa kutumia musyo na indo situ.
Ingi nikusuvia itheka situ kumana na kukuwa
kwa muthanga.
3. Walany’o wa TIST iulu wa utongoi wa
kithyululu na ukuatiia mivea yothe mundu muka
na munduume kwithiwa matonya utoingosya
undu ula ualyulite mesilya ma aingi kisioni iulu
wa utongoi. Iveti, aume na yiika mena ivuso
yianene kukwata mwanya wa utongosya,
kwonany’a utuika woo, na kwithiw’a matonya
kunengeleanilya umanyi ula menaw’o iulu wa
utongoi na inengo kivathukany’o. Ingi kii
nikietae ieleelo kivathukany’o ila itonya
utumika kwiyiendeesya na kwiana kwa
ngwatanio.
4. Uthuthio kuma mitini ya TIST nitetheesye
kuvindua mikalo ya aimi. Nthini wa ikundi na
ngwatanio imwe aimi nimethiitwe matonya
kwika kwia kwa mbesa sya mesani (Table
banking), sangulo, na kwoou kutetheesya
kwongela ueti woo na kwitethya ta aimi.
5. Kutumia kwa maiko ma kusuvia mwaki ma Tist
nikutumite mathayu ma miti mongeleka na
kwithiwa itonya kwiana na kwikala kwa ivinda
iasa nundu ngu iikutumika mbingi. Ingi maiko
aya nimatethetye nundu mayithiawana syuki
kwoou kwongela uima wa mii ya aimi vamwe
na syana syoo na kwithiwa itonya kumatumia
vatena w’ia nundu mena muikiio wa kwithiwa
mataivivya.
Walany’o wa TIST kisioni kya Igembe.
na William Mwito, Muthukumi wa ngwatio ya TIST
KIKAMBA VERSION 5
Muthanga nikyau?
Muthanga nikaseemu ka yiulu ka nthi. Kethiawa na
kiw’u, nzeve, unou, na uthwii wa nthi.
Muthanga useuvaw’a ata?
Mavia mathiana nimo maseuvasya muthanga ula
wendekaa ni miti kumea na kwikala. Ingi miti/mimea
nisyokaa ikongeleelwa muthangani kuseuvya unouc
wa muthanga. Oundu ivia yiendee na kuthiwa
now’o mitiyongelekete na unou wa muthanga
kwaila nukana kiw’u kingi kithiwe kitonya ukwatwa
ni muthanga na kuendeesya miti/mimea kumea na
kwiana.
Niki unou wa muthanga wa vata?
Unou wa muthanga (kaingi useuvitw’e kaingi kuma
kwoani kwa miti/matu) ila yumasya unou mwingi
naw’o uyoswa ni miti ingi nikana yiane. Ingi unou
uyu nutetheeasya tusamu tula twikalaa muthangani
ta yiumbi, mithowe, ngongoo, ing’aui, kukwata liu
nayo iitetheesya muthanga kukwata nzeve nakiw’u
kwikala muthangani.
Nikyau kiamuaa muthemba wa muthanga?
• Nzeve: uvyuvu na uthithu wa vandu na kiw’u
nisyo itetheeasya ivia kuthiwa yila yiseuvasya
muthanga.
• Organisms: tusamu ta bacteria na fungi vamwe
na mithowe, syingolondo na tusamu tula tungi
twikalaa muthangani nitetheeasya muno
kuvulany’a muthanga na ingi kutuma matialyo
ma mimea na matu moa na kuseuvya nzeve ya
nitrogen ila yikiawa muthangani ni bacteria
yitawa rhizobium.
• Utheeu wa vandu: (topograpohy) ethiwa vandu
ni vatheeu niw’o muthanga wavo ukuawa na
mituki na kutheew’a syandani.
• Muthemba we via: Undu ivia yila yithiikite
yiilye.
• Mwikalo wa mundu: undu twatumia muthanga
na kuusuvia nikuutumuma unou wa muthanga
ueleeka.
Ingi muthanga ula winaw’o uamuawa ni kithangathi,
mututu na yumba yila yiuseuvitye. Ve ivisa yi ithangu
yila yiatiie yiukwony’a uaaniku wa muthanga. Uvinyu
wa muthanga na undu uaanikite nuamuaa undu mii
ya muti ikulika muthangani na undu kiw’u kitonya
kwikala muthangani.
Niki asiti kana PH ya vata?
Muthanga kwithiwa wina asiti mbingi kana wi alkali
kii niamuaa undu miti ukumya unou muthangani na
ni tusamu twau kana bacteria itonya kwikala
muthangani usu. Kaingi monou maingi ma muthanga
nimethiawa matonya uvikia mimea/miti malika
kiw’uni yila memuthangani wina asiti mbingi kwi
ula wikatikati kana muthithu ute asiti.
Onakau muthanga wina aciti mbingi bacteria na
mithowe mingi nditonya kwikala muthangani usu
kwoou kwoa kwa matu/mavuti kutwika vuu uyithia
kwi nthi na kwoou kusisiia kwiana kwa miti. Kaingi
muthanga museo waile ithiwa na PH ya 5.5 kana
7.5 na wimwiu kwa langi.
Muthanga munou niwiva?
Muthanga munou nula wina nutrients syonthe
ilasyikwendeka kwa muti kumea na kwikala.
• Nutrients sya mbee: Nitrogen, Phosphorus na
Potassium
• Nutrients ya keli: Sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Ila syendekaa niini: Iron, manganese, boron,
chlorine, zinc, copper, molybdenum na nickel
PH ya muthanga Nzia sya kwongela unou wa
muthanga
• Ongele Nitrogen kwanzia ya vuu wa ngilini
na phosphorus kwa ivia ya phosphate).
• Kolany’a vuu na maumao ma indo ula withiwa
wi museo waindwa kwi wumite indoni na
nokwithiwa wina tusamu twingi twa
pathogens. vuu uyu useuvaa waindwa vandu
va ivinda ya mai ili.
• Ongela vuu kwa nzia ino yivaa nthi
• Tata utumie nzima ya kusuvia undu uvundiitw’e
nii TIST
• Kukuany’a mimea
• Kuvandanisya
• Kuvanda mitii na liu
• Kuvanda osyindu sya uvwika ta nthooko, na
mboso
• Kutia muunda kwa ivinda
• Kutumia mavuti kuvwika
• Kutumia maima ma nima ya kusuvia
• Kuvanda miti kusiia muthanga kikuwa kana
kwisa mitau, fanya juu Kuvandanisya uitumia
Nzuu, Dolichos Lablab, Macuna Pruriens,
Crotalaria, Canavalia.
Ongela muu ula withiawa na calciulm, potassium
carbonate Ongela lime ethiwa niwisi muthanga
waku wina asiti mbingi
Ti useo kwongela minerals mbiongi eka ila syinthini
TIST: Unou wa muthanga.
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
KIKAMBA VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
wa vuu wa yiima utathimite muthanga ukamanya ni
mineral yiva itevo na ikwendeka.
Ve ivinda yithiawa ukethia no wongelile vuu wa
ndukani yaani vatalisa. Tumia kwiana na uelesyo wa
ala maseuvisye kwianana na kisio kyaku na eka
maovisa ma nima ala me kisioni kyaku mautae iulu
wa w’o.
Kuseuvya vuu wa yiima Vuu wa yiima
niwakuseuvya vate kemikoo na nutetheeasya
mimea kwiana.Withiawa wi museo nundu utumiaa
syindu sya kwimesya itena kemikoo na ndwanangaa
mimea na mawithyululuko. vuu uyu nilaisi kuseuvya
na ndwingalama nene ta wakuua na nimuseo mbee
kwa kwongela unou wa mithanga.
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P O ) Potassium (K O) 2 5 2
Nikyau kitonya utumiwa kuseuvya vuu wa
yiima?
• Makusa/mavuti ma matialyo ma liu kuma
muundani kana matu, usese, kyaa kya ngombe,
maumao ma indo, matialyo ma liu wa andu,
matunda, muu, mboka, mathngangi matilange
na ingi mbingi.
• Ndukatumie nyama, maia, mauta, syuma kana
plastic. Nzia nzeo sya kuseuvya vuu wa yiima
• Inza yiima vandu vena muunyi
• Vwika na matu ma maiiu
• Ngithya na kiw’u yila kute kwiu
• Siia mbua ndikakue unou.
• Atiia matambya aya 1/3 ya ngilini ethiwa ni
matu, nyeki, matunda, yiia kana miti 1/3 Matu
momu kana ma langi wa muthanga (brown) ta
mavemba, makusa, mutu wa musumeno etc
1/3 syindu ngito ta ngava ndilange Ikiithya
watumia kiko kya miti/mimea itanamba usyaa
Nzeve niyendekaa kuseuvya vuu kwoou
ikiithya niwavilany’a nisa na nduvinyiie muno
vena nzeve.
Ikala uinginya, uvwikite na kueka vandu va myai
kauta nikana yooe na ilikana nesa Woona
yambiia uyunga muno veonany’a wikiite kiw’u
kingi kana matu ma ngilini nimmo maingi
kwoou ongela syindumbumu ta matu,
mavemba, makusa na uivulany’a. Tata withiwe
na syindu sya uvulany’a na kueuvya vuu tayali
mwai ta ili kana itatu mbee wa mbua kwambiia
nikana utumie ivindani ya mbanda. Vuu uyu
waile ithiwa ulyi muthanga(brown) na
ulekanitye wavya. No usunge vuu uyu kumywa
ikuli ila itaneevya na uitungia yiimani iendee
uvya.
Ikundi imwe sya tist syithiitwe iitumia nzia ino yivaa
nthi kuseuvya vuu wa yiima nundu kwasyo yithiitwe
yi nzeo useuvya vuu wa yiima kwa ikundi imwe sya
TIST:-
1) Kusakua kisio kya matambya 4 x 4m na kwisa
yiima
2) Enga kisio
3) Inza yiima uthathau wa 3-4m na 1.5uliku
4) Kolany’a matialyo ma mavemba, muvya, mavoso
na uitilanga tulungu tuniini
5) Ikia yiimani itumie uliku wa 0.5m
6) Ikia muu wa lita itano
7) Ongela kyaa kya indo ethiwa kivo kya uliku
wa 30cm
8) Ongela matu na makusa uliku ungi wa 0.5m
9) Ikia muu ungi wa lita itano
10) Ongela matu na makusa withie yiima
notayausua
11) Ususya yiima na muthanga
12) Uyususya yiima ikia muti muasa kati withie
utinite yiimani ungu.
13) Eka yiima yiu yiyiue vandu va myai itatu kana
mithenya miongo kenda
14) Ivindani yii yonthe osaa kiw’u kila kina kiko
uketa vo ngelekany’o kila wavua nakyo kana
kuthambya miio. Ethiwa wina maumao ma
indo no wite vo.
15) Tata navinya ungithye yima yii kila muthenya
kwa nzia ila utonya.
16) Itina wa mithenya miongo keenda vuu wiithiwa
wi tayali. Tumia muti uyu wikati ta kithimi kya
uvyuvu. Vuu wasuva ukeethiwa wimuvyu na
nowone muti uuyu waumya uitoa.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kipsigis Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Ngalek cheechen: Kigororchinge TIST asentab koristo (Carbon) en tetatb ngwony
komugul. Page 2
TIST tiletab ketik en imbarekab TIST ko moiboru kit negararan amun mogitegis
tolochigab TIST ak koyonchinet ne kigeyai oak ghg. Page 3
Tetetab TIST en Igembe. Page 4
TIST okwoindab ngungunyek. Page 5
Inside:
KIPSIGIS VERSION 2
MENGIK CHE TEMIK KOTINYE KAYANET KOLE
WOLE OLE MENYE AK KOTORET NGWONDET.
Tulsa, oklohoma, usa 30th June, 2014 –
korurugutik chemengen che minetab ketik (TIST)
ko kikoborchigei asanet en tetetab tai en segeetab
nguony mwoe toretikab chebkondok cheb
tolonchin itondab emet. Kinyak anyun initon en
chemungarainikab koristo en nguwony, kiitok amun
kinyot ketunoik chechang temikab TIST en
korurugutietab minetab ketik kotestai konyor
sobet.
Mwoe anyun tononikab itondab emet
ngalechu ak kerik chegiginam en 1999 asikomwaita
tononet kombunisiek ak biik chetinye boisionik en
itontab mungaret TIST ko netai en tesetabtai
netogunot eng toretikab chebokondok.
Tist ko temik, minikab ketik, tigikab emet ak
mungaretab koristo netesetai eng Kenya, India,
Tanzania ak Uganda. Tesetai tist eng korurugutik
chetononchin temik che kole ketik imbarenikwak
kotoreten sobenywan ak konyor omitogik.
Iborugei boisionik eng biik ak eng emet kou
wegetab osnet, wegetab timwek ak waletab
burgeyet en emet.
“Eng kenyit nebo tuguchu tugul en bandab
tai kobo temikab TIST wolutik chu,” mwoe ben
henneke, ne konomintetab TIST., “temik chuton
koyumi keswekab ketik koyai kabotisiet, komin
ketik, ago rib kosobcho en kemeusiek, maranet ak
korib en tuga, nego ak tiongikab timin. Tinye
temikab TIST kogiletabge en mugulelwekwak.
Boiboechin ichek kelunoik chebo ketik chesobtos
en ole menye. Togu boisiet neui missing ne kigoyai
temikab tist chesire 70000 chegigomin ketik, che
iyomtos kobwotutik, cheribe wolutik ak kotoret
temik alak.”
“En emet neo missing burgeiyet ko agenge
chegonu wegtab koristo neo missing (CO2
) ago
niton knyorunen temik chemengech kewelnatet
amun eetu missing burgeyetab emet (kemeut).”
Mwoe henneke. En taman ak angwan (14) che kisito
ek murenik ak kwonyikab tist ko kigoyom koib
kokwout en teretab tiletab ketik ak korib chetinye
en imbarenikwak ak chebo boror, en ribetab
ketikwak ko kigotoo ole nyorunen melekwek en
oliyetab koristo, korisiton kiyoitechi kobunisiek,
toretik ak biik chemoche kogochi kimnotet
temikab TIST.
Oligab koristo koyob inda, kenya ak uganda
komiten segeik chebo (VCS) ak chebo (CCB)
koboto “Gold Level” icheget ko oltoik che olto
kayumanikab koristo ago tesetai kogoito melekwek
en kenyisiek 25-30 mwoe henneke, ak kotoreti
chebkondok chebo tesetabtai en TIST.
Page 2 of 2
Tinye koborunet temik yeboisien koletab minutik
minetab ketik cheter boisitab maisiek ak ribetab
tilindo, nyorunen melekwek che chutu kogochin
kotestai tetet kotes henneke kole kigetebi ak usaid
kenya en kenyisiek mut asi konyor kenya kotesak
Ngalek cheechen: Kigororchinge TIST asentab
koristo (Carbon) en tetatb ngwony komugul.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 3
Kingalalen biik chegimiten tuiyetab gocc en komolo
june 2014 ye kigiba igorto negibo koyometabgei
tist ak usaid en kenyisiek mut.
En arawani ketinye kabwata noton asi kemwochin
temik kelenchin magararan noton en TIST, en
betunoton kelewen charles ibeere (0720474209)
korib ak korigi kondoikab kilasta gocc ak temik asi
komwata agobo niton.
Bogonut neo kibwate agobo koyochinenyo ak ghg
nebo minetab ketik chebo kasarta negoi tinye temik
chomchinet ko choror ak kotil temenik, agotil 5%
en kurubit ago ketik chetinye kenyisiek 10 magat
niton amun moiyoni chemungarainik ketil ketit ne
sobe amun bose koristo, agot komogirib niton
kogochin temik chechang asent amun monyoru
melekwak.
Ogibwat kele chito negayai kounoton kogochin
korubit asi kowegta rabisiechon amun kiginet, kigiiti
ketik, ak nyoru en kila arawa gosetit, chi negenyoru
iyote youtionon kwo (0720 474 209)
a) Ogemwochigei en tuiyosi kab kilasta agobo
niton.
b) Chito negayai kounoton koyoche kurubit asi
mo kitononsi kurubin en mungaretab koristo
TIST, mising ko kwonyik ak nerank asi kotoo ak
konyor kelunoik icheget, korib timwek ak beek,
ak korib osnosiek, usaud en kenya kokinyor toretet
kou emotinuwek alk mising kingonam temik
kobchei agobo minetab ketik, kinyo temikab
kelunoik ak kobit boroinuek chebo boisionik, ole
moche imbaret nebo million agenge hectares ole
kigonoren, kelibonchi chebo minetab ketik asi
komuch kobos koristo neya en soet.
Charlie william, vice president of clean air
action corporation (CAAC) komwa kole “ en
kenyisiek 14 che kigosirto ko kigitinye kobwatutik
somok netai, temik che miten tist kogitoo sobet
ne kararan en kogilenyuan bogei, nebo oeng caac
kotinye ribet ak keret en oretab imanit ak keret
ne togunot en wolutik, ak nebo somok, konyoruren
icheget melegwek, en kenyitab may of 2011 ko
kogoibelis en nguwony koik netai tetetaib tist,
kingo koyamak anan ko tuyosi vcs ak ccb keret
nenoto ko kerge ak 14 times, kotes william, kiboiboi
en chemungarainik cheingen agobo kororindo ak
mogutikab biik cheole korurugutikab taninisiek
chegonu tist, en chemungarainik chuton oeng ko
wegin kongoi chelomu chepkondokab ribetab
itondap emet, amun kogonyor tist torete kotinye
boroindo ko tigak keret kituosi agobo chepkondok
asi komuch TIST kotes temik asi kowal emet.
TIST tiletab ketik en imbarekab TIST ko moiboru
kit negararan amun mogitegis tolochigab TIST ak
koyonchinet ne kigeyai oak ghg.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Echek temikab tist en igembe keboiboenchin tuguk
chegingenyoru en tetetab tist, koboto mogiutien
kele:
1. Kinyoru konetisiet koyob kiboitinikab Kilasta
kinyoru kora kosetisiek en kila arawa, nito
kogonech ketes minutik kou bandek, logoek
ak alak kigenyorunen ole kimuch keriten
imbareni kiyok, keter ngungunyek ak kechob
keturek.
2. Temik che negiten onit kogiginet korib,
koitiyech niton kenyorun beek che kororon
en tuga ak biik.
3. Tolochikab tist ak katoinatet ko kigotorechech
amun tinye age tugul boroindo.
4. Kigotore melekwegab ketik temik chechang
en boisionik chechang kou table banking ak
alak.
5. Kiboisien maisiek cheboisien kwenik che
ngerin kobos anyun koluletab ketik, ak nyorulel
tililinto en korikiyok
Athi kilasta ko agenge en kilasta ne kiumge icheget
agoboisien table banking
Tetetab TIST en Igembe.
By william mwito,TIST cluster servant.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Ngungunye ko nee?
Ngu ngunyek ko kebeberta nebo emet netinye
koristo, beek nunanikab ketik ana ko tiongik ak
kotinye munyuk.
Chebtogei ono ngungunyek?
Bitu murmuranikab koik kotinye munyuk chetoreti
sobetab minutik, kotesin minutik en ngungunyek,
so ye yoose kouni kotesin beek kotuiyo ak kogochi
minutik kobwa.
Amunee asi kobo komonut ngetunonik?
Bo komonut amun yekagonunchi nguwondet
kotinye omitwogik che igochin minutik korut toreti
kora kutik chemiten ngungunyek ak kotoretich
koyomo anan kutuiyo koik agenge.
Nee ne ibesto ngungunye yekinyor?
• Burgeyet, burge burgeiyet ak beek kogochin
koik kobusbusak
• Kutik chang kutik che menye ngowoindet anak
koburucheni ngungunyek anak kogochi nunet
asi kobit emitwogikab minutik
• Ole emet niton anyun kotiyengei ole kiiburto
emet, en tunonok konyumnyum ibetab koik
kosir ole soet
• Uketab nhungunyek niton kotiyengei ole kigi
tounto koik ngungunyek
• Otebetab kimulmet otebetab biik ak ole
koribto ngungunyek asi moibet okwoindo.
Koyometab ngungunye kotingei chongitab ngainet,
menet, ak ole gigitounto, miten anyun koborunet
nebo ngungunyek en pichaini koyomoniton bo
ngungunyek konyumyum en tigikab ketit kosib, ak
koboru beek chemiten,
Amunee asi kobo komonut PH?
Miten anyun ngungunye che tinye munyuk chechang
kot kosir anak niton koweche (PH) ak omitwogikab
minutik, kimuchi ketoretito ono kutik che menye
ngungunye en munyu chuton ko chechang ko
eiyomogei ak beek ko chotos akosigi minutik
omitwogik, ole miten munyuk chechang komosigin
kutik kochanga niton ko gochin nunet kwo
nguwony, ngungunye chegororon kotinye PH
kongeten 5.5 ak 7.5 ago tueen en keret.
Nee okwoindab ngungunyet?
Ngungunyat ne kararan kotinye omitwogik che
igochin sobet minutik
• Omitwogik che tai; nituogen, phosphorus,
potassium
• Chebo oeng; sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Ak chechang; iron, manganese, boron, chtorine
zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel
Koguwoutik che kitisin ngungunyek
• Ketesi omitwogik keboisien kegot rurutik che
teche nitrogen
• Keboisien keture chebo tuga ak sogororek
kiruruche asi komumiyo mogiboisien ko
morurio
• Tesin ngetunanikab minutik
• Kegol imbaret ma kibat
• Kemin minutik che besiotin
TIST okwoindab ngungunyek.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
• Kemin ketik che moweche minutik ak che
ichugei en kwong kou, robuwonik, chebololet
ak sotonik
• Kemin ketik asi koter ngungunyek
• Miten ketik che tinye ngendek –pigeon
• Kitesin orek tinye (calcium, potassium
carbonate)
• Momeche ketesi komenai anan kotomo ichigil
ngungunyek, karara mising itenyoru chitab
minutik as kuwororun abo noton
Keturek
Keturek ko omitwogikab minutik che kitounen
kinun en kasrta nenin che mogitesi chemical,
motinye weget en minutik, amoweche ngungunyek.
Kitounen nee keturek
• Ngetunonikab minutik, sogek, ak kitage tugul
ne yamat ana ko nyali
• Matiboisien kou bendo, mwanik, chumoinik
anan ko plastic
Ole kimumto
• Lewen ole miten uluwet
• Tugen soge kab itisio/chebebe
• Tumchin beek en kasartab kemeut
• Tekten en robta
Kosibet
• Agenge en somok (minutik che nyolilelen,
susuwek, ingewek, logoek, sorowekatugal
nego ngechinek)
• Agenge en somok sogek che tolilionen
• Agenge en somok ko sogekab ketik
• Ker ile neboisien tuguk cheyachen amun
weche keturek
• Tugul anyun ki nto keringet orit amat igony
amun kimogin koristo en orit
• Igoteb en kasarta nebo orowek asi iburuch
tugul koik agenge
• Ye igas nguunet beo itesi sogek chenyolilen
ak iburuchen
• Ye kainte tuguchuton tugul kou beek igotebi
orowet 2-3 asi iib koba imbar
Miten kosibet ne kigochob temikab tist kou yeisibu
1. Lewen ole itounen keturet 4mx4m
2. Igot tililit yoton
3. Tem keringet 3-4m ak 1.5m orit
4. Iyumchin kayumanik tgugul yoton
5. Rongik kot koit 0.5m
6. Tesin orek che keburuch ak orek
7. Neisibu ites kot goit 30cm ngototokab tuga
anan kobo ngororek
8. Tesin sogek kot korigta konyi
9. Nebo let anyun ite ngungunye kot konyi
10. Rutin keti ne tenten kuwenetab keringet kot
kotiny kel
11. Igo munyo en kasarta betusiek 90
12. Tesin beekab orek 5 litres
13. Tesin sogek ak mobek (0.5m)
14. En kasariton iyumchi beek chon iboisien
imweten ingoroik anan ko keun kot
15. Tumchin beek en betut angetugul yon kobit
beek
16. Ye ibata betusiek 90 ko gorurio keturek
boisien ketit asi koborun mat nemi orit, imuch
iger kabusetab karisto nebunu keringatPublished by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
English Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Great News: TIST has been voted The Best (Carbon) Offsetting Program in the
World. Page 2
TIST: Clear cutting of TIST tree groves is a serious violation of TIST Values and
Green House Gas contract. It hurts positive actions of thousands of TIST Farmers.
Page 3
TIST Program in Igembe Region. Page 4
TIST: Soil Fertility. Page 5
Inside:
ENGLISH VERSION 2
SUBSISTENCE FARMERS PROVE THEY CAN BETTER
THEIR LOCAL ENVIRONMENT AND HELP THE
PLANET
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A., 30 June, 2014 – The
International Small Group and Tree Planting
Program (TIST) has been voted Best Offsetting
Project in a global survey conducted by
Environmental Finance. This recognition, voted by
carbon market industry professionals throughout
the world, identified the many benefits that TIST
farmers receive from working together to plant
trees, and to develop and share local “best
practices” that improve their lives.
Environmental Finance is online news and
analysis service established in 1999 to report on
sustainable investment, green finance and the
people and companies active in environmental
markets.TIST is the first offsetting project to be
recognized by Environmental Finance.
TIST is an agriculture, tree planting,
development and carbon credit program that
operates in Kenya, India, Uganda and Tanzania.TIST
was developed with and for smallholder and
subsistence farmers who plant trees on degraded
land to improve their livelihoods and food security.
Their actions also address local, regional and global
environmental issues such as deforestation,
biodiversity loss, adaptation and climate change.
“The real credit for the outstanding results of
this program belongs to the farmers of TIST,” said
Ben Henneke, co-founder of TIST. “These farmers
collect local seeds, make nurseries, plant seedlings,
and keep them alive through droughts, floods, and
raids by cattle, goats and elephants.TIST farmers
are an incredibly inspiring group of people. They
are proud of the benefits their trees are having on
their lives and on the global environment. This
awardrecognizes the hard work done by more than
70,000 farmers planting trees, sharing information,
monitoring results and helping other farmers.”
“Tropical deforestation is one of the largest manmade sources of CO2, and smallholder farmers are
Great News: TIST has been voted The Best
(Carbon) Offsetting Program in the World.
among those most severely harmed by climate
change,” continued Henneke. “For the past 14 years,
more and more TIST women and men have taken
action to reverse deforestation and to improve
their own land and the land in their communities.
By carefully measuring the growth of their trees
they have created a new ‘Virtual Cash Crop’ –
carbon offsets. These carbon credits are sold to
companies, organizations and people who want to
encourage the TIST farmers’ efforts.”
TIST’s carbon offsets from India, Kenya and
Uganda are validated and verified to Verified Carbon
Standard (VCS) and Climate, Community &
Biodiversity (CCB) standards including the “Gold”
level. “Sales of these premium quality TIST tonnes
now fully support these existinglocations and
should continue profitably for another 25-30
years,”noted Henneke. “With additional expansion
capital, we willcontinue to replicate this selfsustaining process.”
Page 2 of 2
TIST farmers have demonstrated that using the
new agricultural approaches, planting a variety of
tree species, using higher efficiency stoves for
cooking, and adopting better health practices have
a large impact on their family’s income and health.
Recent studies required for the multiple
verifications have shown that the benefits the
farmers create far exceed the costs of developing
the program.
Henneke added, “We have partnered with
USAID Kenya over the last five years to expand
TIST in Kenya so that more farmers, especially
women and youth, could create more benefits for
themselves, improve biodiversity and water quality,
and protect forests. USAID’s help in Kenya also
benefited participants in each of the other countries
when new best practices developed in Kenya were
shared from farmer to farmer. TIST is showing that
improving the local and the global environment
creates more income and more opportunities.With
more than one billion hectares of degraded land in
ENGLISH VERSION 3
Last month, we discussed about clear tree cutting
during the GOCC seminar held at Gitoro in June
2014, immediately after TIST-USAID Five years of
successful partnership celebration.
This month, we are carrying a reminder of last
month’s article with a call for information and
suggestion from TIST farmers on the best ideas on
how to completely avoid clear cutting. TIST’s
Leadership council appointed Charles Ibeere (0720
474209) to work closely with Cluster leaders,
GOCC Representatives and TIST farmers in
addressing this issue.
It is important to note the Green House Gas
contract, which all TIST farmers are party to,
stipulates an agreement by the farmers to keep trees
for long-term. It only allows farmers to thin their
trees (if closely spaced), prune branches for
firewood, and cut up to 5% of the group trees each
year when the trees are 10 years or older.
The above rule is necessary for continued
participation in carbon program. Carbon buyers
want to be assured that the trees from which they
buy carbon credits are kept alive. Where the
farmers cut their trees, carbon buyers always
decline to buy credits from such entities because
they are considered high risk.This is why an action
of few farmers who violate this rule could make
carbon buyers shun from buying other TIST farmers
carbon credits.
There have been other concerns too. A farmer
who cuts down all his trees has been receiving TIST
Trainings, Quantification and Mazingira Bora
newsletters.All the expenses incurred by him are
passed on to other farmers.
As a reminder about actions GOCC said they
would implement, please contact Charles (0720
474209) about:
a) Ideas from other farmers in Clusters meeting
about the actions that should be taken on
those who clear-cut.
b) How such a farmer who clear-cut would
compensate other farmers so as to cushion
them from losses in the carbon business.
TIST: Clear cutting of TIST tree groves is a
serious violation of TIST Values and Green House
Gas contract. It hurts positive actions of
thousands of TIST Farmers.
need of restoration,TIST demonstratesthat creating
‘Payments for Environmental Services’for farmers
in the tropics can rapidly reduce greenhouse gasses
and provide time for the technological development
of other ‘low carbon’ approaches to mature and
be proven out.”
Charlie Williams, vice president of Clean Air
Action Corporation (CAAC), commented, “For the
past 14 years we have had three primary concerns:
First, that the farmers who joined TIST create a
better life for themselves through their efforts.
Second, that CAAC would create the monitoring
systems and processes to accurately and
transparently measure their results.And third, that
their measured results would create a new source
of income for them.” In May of 2011, the TIST
program was“First in the World” to complete the
VCS and CCB certifications and have now
completed that process a total of 14 times.Williams
added, “We are pleased to have customers who
recognize both the technical excellence and the
human benefits that purchasing TIST tonnes
provides. Two of those important customers,The
Carbon Neutral Company, and Microsoft have also
won awards from Environmental Finance. The
Carbon Neutral Company was voted ‘The Best
Offset Retailer’ and Microsoft was voted ‘Best
Corporate Offset Programme.’ TIST continues to
replicate and expand because there are millions of
farmers who want to join. We look forward to
accomplishing the financing to meet the needs of
those farmers, and to increase the beneficial impact
of TIST on global climate change”
ENGLISH VERSION 4
We, TIST Farmers from Igembe South are happy to
report our achievements from participating in the
TIST program.They include but are not limited to:
1. We receive trainings monthly by cluster
servants as well as monthly newsletter known
as Mazingira Bora. This has enabled us to
increase our farm productivity in maize, fruits
and other crops. We have learned to organize
our shambas better, control soil erosion,
increase soil fertility, practice conservation
farming and do compost manure.
2. Farmers bordering rivers are trained about
conservation of riparian areas.This has ensured
consistent and reliable supply of clean water
for our animals and for domestic use.
Additionally, we have protected our lands from
constant degradation as soil erosion is
controlled.
3. TIST Values and Rotational Leadership minding
about gender sensitive has greatly transformed
our society. Women, Men and Youth have equal
opportunities to take leadership positions,
demonstrate and pass on their leadership gifts
and talents, build confidence amongst
themselves and provide new ideas for our
development and growth.
4. Tree incentives from TIST have helped change
many farmers’ lives. In some of the Clusters,
farmers have organized themselves to do table
banking, merry go rounds and therefore
multiplying the amount of help that goes to the
farmer.
5. The use of TIST energy saving stoves help
increase tree lives as fewer trees are cut for
firewood. The stoves have significantly
improved health and safety as smoke is minimal
and always directed out of kitchen area, and
children’s safety in the cooking area is greatly
enhanced.
TIST Program in Igembe Region.
By William Mwito, TIST Cluster Servant.
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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ENGLISH VERSION 5
What is soil?
Soil is the uppermost layer of the earth. It contains
air, water, organic matter and mineral matter.
How is Soil formed?
The weathering (breakdown) of rocks provides the
minerals needed to support plant life. Plants are
then added to the soil as organic matter. As more
rock is broken down and more organic matter is
added, so more water can be held in the soil, further
promoting plant growth
Why is organic matter important?
Organic matter (mainly formed through the
decomposition of plant material) releases a lot of
nutrients, which are available for uptake to new
plants. It also supports the life of beneficial
microorganisms in the soil, helps with water
infiltration and helps to bind the soil together.
What determines the type of soil found?
• The climate: both the temperature and water
availability affect the rate of weathering of rock.
• Organisms: bacteria, fungi and worms amongst
many others live in the soil. Some play a key
role in mixing the soil, such as earthworms.
Soil organisms help decompose organic matter,
and some help plants to fix nitrogen (e.g.
Rhizobium bacteria).
• Topography: the shape of the land. For example,
soil on slopes is generally thinner and more
easily eroded than the soil found collected in
valleys.
• Parent material: the type of rock the soil is
formed from.
• Human behavior: the way we use and care for
our soil (or not) will greatly affect its fertility.
The texture of the soil you have depends on how
much sand, silt and clay it is made from.The diagram
on the following page shows you the main
categories of soil texture. The texture of the soil
and structure influence how easily roots can
penetrate the soil, and how much water can be
retained.
Why is soil pH important?
How acidic or alkali a soil is (its pH) affects how
available soil nutrients are for plant uptake and what
type of soil organism life can be supported.
Generally most soil nutrients are more soluble (and
therefore available for plant absorption) when in
an acidic soil compared to a neutral or alkaline soil.
However, if the soil is too acidic many bacteria
cannot grow, and this will affect the rate of
decomposition of organic matter. Most good
topsoils have a pH between 5.5 and 7.5 and are
relatively dark in color.
What is a fertile soil?
A fertile soil is one that has an available supply of
all the nutrients needed to support plant life.
• Primary nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus,
potassium
• Secondary nutrients: sulphur, magnesium,
calcium
• Micronutrients: iron, manganese, boron,
chlorine, zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel
Strategies to improve soil fertility
• Consider adding nitrogen (in the form of green
manure from nitrogen-fixing plants) and
phosphorus (in the form of rock phosphate).
• Collect and use livestock manure and urine.
This is better in composted form. Fresh
sources may contain too much ammonia
content (which may harm plants) and may
contain higher amounts of pathogens (diseasecausing organisms). Composted manure
contains fewer pathogens. If you do use fresh
manure, use moderately and leave a minimum
of two months in between applications.
• Add organic matter through composting
(details below).
• Practice conservation agriculture best practices
as described in previous units:
o Crop rotation
o Intercropping
o Agroforestry
o Planting leguminous cover crops
o Leaving land fallow
o Use of mulch
o Using conservation farming holes
o Reduce water erosion through tree
planting, terraces, fanya juu
• Consider intercropping with Pigeon pea
(Cajanus cajan), Dolichos lablab, Mucuna
pruriens, Crotalaria, Canavalia.
• Consider adding ash, which is rich in calcium
and potassium carbonate.
• Add lime if you know your soil is too acidic
• It is best not to add additional minerals (apart
from those found in compost) without testing
the soil first to see what nutrients and minerals
are actually needed.
• There may be some circumstances when you
need to apply inorganic chemical fertilizers.
Use accordingly to the manufacturer
instructions and research which ones are most
ecologically sound for your area through
getting advice from your extension officers
TIST: Soil Fertility.
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
ENGLISH VERSION 6
Composting
Compost manure is a natural fertilizer to help your
crops grow. It is better than chemical fertilizer
because it is natural and has no damaging effects
for the crops and environment. Composting is one
of the easiest, cheapest and most effective ways of
improving soil fertility.
What can be used for compost?
• Crop residues, weeds, dead leaves, any
trimmed vegetation, manure and urine from
livestock, bedding from livestock, kitchen food
waste from fruit and vegetables, ash, shredded
paper and cardboard.
• Don’t use meat, dairy products, fats, oils, metal
or plastic.
General best practices for composting:
• Choose a shaded area for your compost
• Cover with banana leaves or a plastic sheet
• Sprinkle with water during the dry season
• Protect from rain (which will wash nutrients
away)
• As a general guide aim for:
o One third ‘green vegetation’ (grass
clippings, fruit, vegetables, egg shells, nut
shells, manure, weeds, plants)
o One third ‘brown vegetation’ (dry leaves,
straw, sawdust, cardboard and fine crop
residues)
o One third bulky material such as chopped
branches and larger crop residues.
o Ensure you use plant material that has not
yet seeded, and do not use diseased
material
o Layer the materials in a pile or in a hole.
Air is needed for compost, so mix the
materials together and do not compact
the material down
• Water the pile of material, cover and leave so
that material decomposes over the next couple
of months. You can occasionally mix the
material.
• If the material becomes slimy or smelly over
time it may be too wet or have too much green
vegetation.Add more brown vegetation if this
is the case, and mix.
• Try to have your batch of material ready for
mixing, watering, covering and leaving 2-3
months before the rainy season so it will be
useful for the planting season.
• The compost should be brown and crumbly
when ready. You can sieve the material to get
a finer mixture, and add the larger pieces back
into the compost pile for the next batch.
Some of the TIST groups use a more specific
method, which they have found effective. They have
described the process below:
Preparation of compost manure by some
TIST groups:
1) Choose an area 4m x 4m for your compost pit
2) Clean the area
3) Dig a hole of diameter 3 - 4m and 1.5m deep
4) Collect all the remains of the crops you have
and cut them into small pieces. (e.g. the leaves
and stalks of maize, millet, beans)
5) Put these crops remains into the hole up to a
depth of 0.5m.
6) Then add 5 liters of ash
7) Next add about 30cm (or as much as available)
of animal dung (e.g. dung from pig, cow, goat
or chicken).
8) Next put another layer of crop leaves and
stalks (0.5m)
9) Add another 5 liters of ash
10) Add the leaves and stalks again until the hole
is almost filled
11) Finally, add a layer of soil until the hole is filled
12) While filling the hole with soil, put a long stick
in the middle of the hole so it reaches the
bottom.
13) Leave the compost pit for 90 days (3 months).
14) During this period use your dirty water to
water the compost pit. For example, after
cleaning your house or clothes, empty the used
water over the compost pit. If you have animals
you can also pour animal urine over the pit.
15) Try to water the compost pit in this way every
day, or whenever water is available.
16) After the 90 days the manure will be ready.
Use the stick as a thermometer – when the
compost is ready it should be hot and you may
even see steam coming from the stick after
you have removed it.
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kimeru Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Ntumiri inthongi mono:TIST nithuritwe iri muradi juria mwega buru jwa gukucia ruugo
ruruthuku ndene ya nthiguru yonthe. Page 2
TIST: Ugiti bwa miti yonthe ndene ya miunda ya TIST ni kuuna na njira inene jaria TIST
ikirite na kinya kandarasi ya GhG. Nikugitaragia mantu jameega jaria jakuthithua ni
arimi ba TIST ngiri nyingi. Page 3
TIST ndene ya Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Unoru bwa muthetu. Page 5
Inside:
KIMERU VERSION 2
ARIMI BA MIUNDA IMININI NIBONENIE ATI NO
BATHONGOMIE NARIA KUBATHIURUKITE NA
KINYA GUTETHIA NTHIGURU YONTHE
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A., Tariki mirongo
ithatu mweri jwa itantatu, 2014 – The International
Small Group and Tree Planting Program (TIST)
nithuritwe iri muradi juria mwega bru kiri kurita
ruugo ruruthuku ndene ya utari bwa nthiguru
yonthe buria bwathithirue ni kiama gigwitwa Environmental Finance. Kumenyeka guku, kuria
kwaringirwe kura ni bonthe ndene ya thoko ya
ruugo ya nthiguru yonthe, nikwonere baita inyingi
iria arimi ba TIST boonaga kuumania kuritaniria
ngugi kuanda miti, na kwambia na kugaana mitire
iria miega buru ya kuhtithia mantu gatai gati kao
iria itumaga miturire yao ikathongoma nkuruki.
Environmental Finance iji ni nteto iria
ciretagwa na gutegerwa gukurukira internet iria
yambirue 1999 iri ya kuejana ripoti kwegie utumiri
mbeca mantune jaria jakumbika ndene ya igita riraja,
mbeca kuumania na uandi na antu na kambuni iria
cikwonekana kiri thoko ciegie naria gututhiurukite.
TIST ni muradi jwa mbele kiri iria iritaga ruugo
ruruthuku iria ionekene ni Environmental finance.
TIST ni muradi jwegie urimi, uandi miti, witi na
mbele na kwendia ruugo juria jwitaga ngugi ndene
ya Kenya, India, Uganda na Tanzania.TIST niyambirie
ni arimi babanini ba irio baria baandga miti ndene
ya miunda iria ithukitue nikenda bathongomia
miturire yao na kumenyeera ati irio birio rionthe.
Ngugi cia arimi baba nicitegagiira thiina iria
cikwoneka naria kubathiurukite akui, ntuurene na
kinya ndene ya nthiguru yonthe ta ugiti miitu, kuthira
gwa gukaranira kwa mithemba mwanya na imingi
ya imera na nyomoo na kugaruka kwa rera.
“Baria eene kuumbana na aria muradi juju jukinyite
ni arimi ba TIST”, Ben Henneke umwe wa aambia
ba TIST niu augite. “arimi baba nibojanagia mbeu,
bakathithia minanda, bakaanda miti, na bakamika iri
moyo riria kurina uumo, kuigara kwa ruuji,
kuumania na nyomoo ta ng’ombe, mburi na njogu.
Arimi ba TIST ni gikundi kimwe kia antu kiria
gigwikira antu bangi wendo bwa kuthtia mantu.
Nibagwikumiria baita iria miti iji irinacio ndene ya
miturire yao na ndene ya nthiguru yonthe. Kiewa
giki nigikuuga ati ngugi ya arimi baba nkuruki ya
ngiri mirongo mugwanja ya uandi miti, kugaana
umenyo, kuthima baita na gutethia arimi bangi
nioni.”
“Ugiti miitu ndene ya nthiguru iria ciithagira
cirina ngai inyingi ni kiumo gia ruugo ruruthuku rwa
kaboni kimwe kia biria binene buru, na arimi
babanini ni bamwe ba baria bagitaragua nkuruki ni
kugaruka kwa rera,” Henneke netire na mbele
kuuga.“Ndene ya miaka iria ikurukite ikumi na inna,
ekuru na aume bangi na bangi ba TIST nibajukitie
itagaria kugarura jaria jaumanagia na ugiti miitu na
kuthongomia miunda yao bongwa na ingi ya ntuura
ciao. Na njira ya kuthima bwega ukuri bwa miti
nibambiritie kimera gikieru gia kurita mbeca
gukurukira kwendia ruugo. Krediti iji cia kaboni
niciendagirua kambuni na antu baria bakwanda
gwikiri ngugi cia arimi ba TIST inya.
Ruugo ruria rugwatitue ni miti ya TIST kuuma
India, Kenya na Uganda niruthimi na rwakurukithua
ni VCS na CCB amwe na “Gold level”. “ Wendia
bwa ruugo ruru kuumania na TIST nandi
nibugwataga mbaru miunda ya TIST iria irio na
niibati gwita na mbele kwona baita ndene ya miaka
mirongo iri na itano gwita mirongo ithatu iria iijite,”
Henneke oongera.“Kurina mbeca ingi cia gutamba,
tugeeta na mbele gucokera ngugi iji
igucirungamira.”
Page 2 of 2
Arimi ba TIST nibonenie ati bagitumagira mitire
imieru ya urimi, bakaanda miti mithemba mwanya
ya miti, gutumira mariko ja gutumira nkuu inkai, na
kwambiria mitire imiega ya kumenyeera thiria ya
mwili ni mantu jarina mwago jumunene kiri mbeca
iria bakwona na kiri thiria ya mwili. Uthomi bwa
akui buria bukwendekana kiri gukurukithua kairi
na kairi nibwonenia ati baita iria arimi boonaga
niigukuruka mbeca iria itumiritwe kwambiria na
gwitithia muradi juju.
Henneke noongerere, “ “Nitwitaniritie ngugi
na USAID Kenya ndene ya miaka itano iria ikurukite
kuaramia TIST ndene ya Kenya nikenda arimi bangi
babaingi, mono ekuru na antu babethi, bacithithiria
baita, bathongomia gukaraniria kwa imera na
nyomoo cia muthemba mwanya na bathongomia
utheru bwa ruuji na bakaria miitu. Utethio bwa
USAID ndene ya Kenya nibuete arimi baita ndene
ya nthiguru ingi cionthe riria miitire imieru iria
ithithagua Kenya ciaganirwe kuuma murimi gwita
Ntumiri inthongi mono:TIST nithuritwe iri
muradi juria mwega buru jwa gukucia ruugo
ruruthuku ndene ya nthiguru yonthe.
KIMERU VERSION 3
kiri ungi. TIST nikwonania ati kuthongomia naria
gutukuiritie na kinya naria kuri kuraja natwi
nikuthithagia mbeca na twanya tungi tutwingi.
Kurina munda hectare nkuruki ya bilioni imwe
juthukitue jukwenda gucokanirua,TIST nionenie ati
kuambiria “kuriwa niuntu bwa ngugi iriaa iti
kuthongomia naria kuthiurukite’ kwa arimi ndene
ya nthiguru iji ciri mbura inyingi nikunyiagia ruugo
ruria rurutagiria nthiugur na gugatua kanya ka witi
na mbele bwa kuthiria kuthithia na gukurukia njira
ingi iria itiita ruugo rwa kaboni rurwingi.
Charlie Williams, Munini wa munenene wa
Clean Air Action Corporation (CAAC), nawe
naugire, “Ndene ya miaka ikumi na inna iu ikurukite
nitwithiritwe turina wasi wasi kwegie mantu jathatu:
Mbele, ati arimi baria batonyete kiri TIST
bathongomie miturire yao gukurukira ngugi ciao.
Bwa jairi. Ati CAAC ikathithia bia gutegeera na
kuthima mantu ja TIST bwega na gutina witho. Bwa
jathatu ati mantu ja TIST jaathimwa arimi bakona
Mweri muthiru, nitwaariririe ugiti miti yonthe
ndene ya semina ya GOCC iria yathithirue Gitoro
mweri jwa itantatu 2014, orio tukurikia kiatho gia
kugwirirua uritaniri ngugi bwa TIST na USAID miaka
itano buria buumbene.
Mweri juju, nitukuburikania uria twaugire
mweri muthiru riria tworirie arimi ba TIST batue
nteto na mathuganio kwegie njira iria njega buru
ya kuthiria ugiti miti yonthe ndene ya miunda ya
TIST. Atongeria ba TIST ndene ya LC nibathurire
Charles Ibeere (0720 474209) kuritaniria ngugi ya
akui na atongeria ba cluster, arungamiri ndene ya
GOCC na arimi ba TIST kiri gutegeera untu bubu.
Kurina bata kurikana kandarasi ya GhG, iria
arimi bonthe basainiti, iria yugite arimi nibagwitikiria
gwika miti igita riraja. Itikagiria arimi aki gutaura
miti (kethira nikuianiritie mono), kugita biang’i bia
gutumira ja nku, na kugita mwanka gicunci kia miti
itano kiri o miti igana ya gikundi o mwaka miti
yakinyia miaka ikumi kana yakura nkuruki.
Rwatho ruru rurina bata mono kethira
tukendelea kwithirwa turi ndene ya thoko ya ruugo.
Aguri ba kaboni nibendaga guhakikishirwa ati miti
iria bakugurira ruugo igekwa iri moyo. Naria arimi
bagiitaga miti, aguri ba ruugo nibaregaga kugura
kuumania nabo niuntu boonaga kurina ugwati bwa
iguru mono. Giki nikio gitumi mathithio ja arimi
babakai baria baunaga rwatho ruru jomba gutuma
aguri bakarega kugurira arimi bangi ba TIST ruugo
rwao.
Nikwithiritwe kurina kinya mantu jangi.
Murimi uria ugitaga miti nethiritwe akiritanagwa,
gutarirwa miti na kuewa gazeti o mweri ni TIST.
Mbeca iji itumiritwe kiriwe niciriagwa ni arimi
bangi.
Kurikanua mantu jaria GOCC yaugire ikathithia,
ringira Charles (0720 474209) kwegie:
a) Mathuganio kuuma kiri arimi bang indene ya
micemanio ya cluster kwegie matagaria jaria
jabati kujukua kiri baria bagitaga miti yonthe
ndene ya miunda ya TIST.
b) Uria murimi uria ugitaga miti yonthe akaria
arimi bangi nikenda abarigiria mbeca iria
bakagitwa ndene ya thoko ya ruugo.
kiumo kingi kia mbeca kiribo. ” Mweri jwa itano,
2011, muradi jwa TIST jwari jwa mbele ndene ya
nthiguru kurikia gutegerwa ngugi na gukurukithua
na nandi nibathithiritue untu bou maita ikumi na
janna. Williamsa nongerere, “Turina kugwirua
kwithirwa turina aguri baria boonete uumbani
bwetu kiinto na baita kiri muntu iria kugura ruugo
rwa TIST kuretaga. Bairi ba aguri baba ba bata,The
Carbon Neutral Company na Microsoft kinyabo
nibashindite kiewa kuumani na Environmental Finance. Kambuni iji ya The Carbon Neutral Company niyathurirwe iri “Muguri umunini uria mwega
buru” na Microsoft niyathurirwe iri kambuni iria
njega buru kiri kambuni inene. TIST nitaga na mbele
gucokera na gutamba niuntu kurina milioni inyingi
cia arimi baria bakwenda gutonya. Nitweterete
mono kuumba kwona mbeca ing’ani cia gukinyira
jaria arimi bakwenda, na kwongera baita cia TIST
kiri ugaruki bwa rera ya nthiguru.”
TIST: Ugiti bwa miti yonthe ndene ya miunda ya TIST
ni kuuna na njira inene jaria TIST ikirite na kinya
kandarasi ya GhG. Nikugitaragia mantu jameega jaria
jakuthithua ni arimi ba TIST ngiri nyingi.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
Mantu jaja no ujone aja www.tist.org kana aja www.tist.org/mobile.
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KIMERU VERSION 4
Batwi, arimi ba TIST kuuma Igembe ria gaiti
nitukugwirua tukinenkanira ripoti ya jaria tuumbite
gukinyira gukurukira kwithirwa turi kiri muradi jwa
TIST. Ti aki indi ni amwe na:
1. Nituritanagwa o mweri ni nthumba cia cluster
na kinya kuewa gazeti ya o mweri iria itagwa
Mazingira Bora. Bubu nibutumbithitie
kuongerwa uciari bwa miunda yetu bwa
mpempe, matunda na imera bingi. Nituthomete
kubangira miunda yetu bwega nkuruki, kunyiyia
gukamatwa kwa muthetu, kwongera unoru
bwa muthetu, kurima na njira ya Kilimo Hai na
kuthithia mboleo ya mati.
2. Arimi baria baankene na nduuji nibaritani
kumenyeera nteere cia nduuji. Bubu nibutumite
gukethirwa kurina ruuji rurutheru igita rionthe
rwa ndithia cietu na rwa gutumira mantune jetu
ja nja. Kwongera, nitumenyerete miunda yetu
kuumania na kuthukua kuria kuumanagia na
gukamatwa kwa muthetu.
3. Mantu jaria TIST ikirite na utongeria bwa
kuthiuruka buria bumenyaga ati muntu wonthe
muka na murume nakwona kanya nigutumite
ntuura cietu ciagaruka na njira inene. Aka,
arume na antu babethi nibaei twanya
tung’anene twa kujukia itia bwa utongeria,
kwonania na kunenkanira iewa bia utongeria,
gwakana gatigati kao na kuuma na mathuganio
jameru niuntu bwa witi na mbele na gukura
gwetu.
4. Mbeca cia gwikanira motisha kuuma kiri TIST
nicitethetie kugarura miturire ya arimi babaingi.
Ndene ya cluster imwe, arimi nibaibanganitie
kuthithia wiki mbeca, kuriunganira kimbeca na
kwou bagaciarithania utethio buria bwitaga kiri
murimi.
5. Utumiri bwa mariko ja TIST jaria jatumagira
nkuu inkai nibutethagia kwongera miti niuntu
miti imikai nkuruki nigitagwa gutumirwa ja nku.
Mariko jaja nijatethetie kuthongomia thiria na
kunyiyia ugwati niuntu toi ni inkai na ieitagwa
ikauma riikone na kwou aana no bakare bwega
mono riikone niuntu ugwati nibunyiagua.
Cluster ya Athi ni imwe ya cluster cia TIST iria ikwibangania gukurukira gwika mbeca. Mbicha iji
yajukirue mucemanione jwao jwa o mweri jwa mweri jwa mugwanja 2014
TIST ndene ya Igembe.
Ni William Mwito , Nthumba ya cluster ya TIST ikuuga.
KIMERU VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Muthetu nimbi?
Muthetu ni gicunci kia iguru buru kia nthi. Jwithagirwa
jurina ruugo, ruuji, biria biorete na kinya mineral.
Muthetu juthithagua atia?
Kunangwa kwa maiga nikuejanaga mineral iria ciendekaga
kiri imera nikenda bitigakue. Imera riu nibiongagirwa
muthetune niuntu nibioraga na bikathuthurukanga. O
uria maiga jamaingi jakuunikanga nou imera bibi biori
bikwongereka, nikenda ruuji rurwingi nkuruki rumba
gwikwa ndene ya muthetu, na kwou rumba gwitithia
na mbele gukuria imera.
Niki into bibi biori birina bata?
Into bibi biori (mono kuumania na kwora kwa imera)
nibiritaga irio bibingi, biria biithagira birio niuntu bwa
imera bibieru. Kinya nibiikaga tunyomoo turia turi baita
ndene ya muthetu, bigatethia ruuji gutonya muthetune
na kinya bigatethia muthetu kugwatana amwe bwega.
Nimbi yugaga muthetu juria jurio ni jwa
muthemba juriku?
• Rera: Murutira na ruuji ruria rurio niruugaga mpwi
ya iiga ya kuunikanga
• Tunyomoo: Tunyomoo tumwe nituritaga ngugi ya
bata ya kuungania muthetu ja mang’ionyo jaria
jetagwa earthworms. Tunyomoo twa muthetu
nitutethagia kworia imera na nyomoo na tungi
nitutethagia gwikira nitrogen ndene ya muthetu
(ja Rhizobium bacteria).
• Uria muunda jukari: Mung’uanano, muthetu kibarine
ni jumuceke na jukamatangagwa nkuruki ya
muthetu juria jwithagirwa juri miurone.
• Iiga riria juumenie nario: muthemba jwa iiga riria
muthetu juumite.
• Mathithio ja antu: uria tutumagira na kumenyeera
muthetu jwetu gukauga unoru bwaju.
The texture of the soil you have depends on how much
sand, silt and clay it is made from.The diagram on the
following page shows you the main categories of soil
texture. The texture of the soil and structure influence
how easily roots can penetrate the soil, and how much
water can be retained.
Niki pH ya muthetu irina bata?
Acidi kana alkali iria iri kiri muthetu (PH yaju) niugaga
kethira irio birio niuntu bwa imera nani tunyomoo
turiku muthetune tukoomba gutuura. Jaria maingi irio
bia muthetu nibitonyaga ruujine (na kwou imera
nobibijukie bikijukia ruuji) riria muthetu jurina acidi
nkuruki ya riria jukiri kii kana juri alkaline.
Indi, kethira muthetu jurina acidi inyingi mono bakteria
inyingi itiumba gukura, na bubu bukanyia kwora kwa
imera na nyomoo. Mithetu imiega ya iguru imingi iri PH
ya 5.5 gwita 7.5 na nimiiru (rangi)
Muthetu jumunoru ni juriku?
• Muthetu jumunoru ni juria jurina irio bionthe biria
bikwendeka niuntu bwa imera gutuura bing’ani
• Primary nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
• Secondary nutrients: sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Micronutrients: iron, manganese, boron, chlorine,
zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel.
Kuongera unoru bwa muthetu
• Thugania kwongera nitrogen ( mboleo itiumi
kuumania na imera biria biikagira nitrogen
muthetune ) na Phosphorus ( rock phosphate).
• Uthurania na utumire ntaka ya ndithia na
maumago. Ni injega nkuruki yathithirua kirinyene.
Mboleo itiumi no ithirwe irina ammonia inyingi
mono (iria iumba kugitaria imera) na noithirwe iri
tunyomoo turia turetaga mirimo tutwingi.
Watumira ntaka itiumi, tunmira inkai na ukare mieri
nkuruki ya iiri mbele e wikira yo kairi.
• Ongera mati gukurukira gwika kirinyene (ja uria
ukwirwa aja nthi)
• Tumira mitire iria miega bubu ya urimi bubwega ja
uria wathiri jamaingi kanyuma au:
o Kugarurania imera
o Kuanda imera biungenue
o Kuungania miti na imera
o Anda imera biria bicokagia nitrogen
muthetune biri bia gukunikira nthi
o Tiga muunda jutiandi
o Use of mulch
o Tumira marinya ja kilimo hai
o Nyiyia ukamati bwa muthetu gukurukira
kuanda miti, kwinja mitaro
• Thugania kuandaniria Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan),
Dolichos lablab, Mucuna pruriens, Crotalaria,
Canavalia.
• Thugania kwongera muju, juria jurina calcium na
potassium carbonate na wingi.
• Ongera lime kethira nwiji muthetu jwaku jurina
acidi inyingi
• Ni bwega nkuruki kurega kwongera mineral ingi
(nkuruki ya iria ciithagirwa ciri mboleone)
utithimite muthetu jwaku kwona ni irio na mineral
iriku cikwendeka.
• Magitene jamwe no witie gwikira fertilizer ya nduka.
Ikira kulingana na uria muthithia aandikite na urie
afisa ba urimi ni iriku ciri injega kiri ntuura yaku
Kuthithia mboleo
Mboleo ya kuthithia na imera ni fertilizer ya kuumania
na into bitina ugwati ya gutethia imera biaku bikura
bwega. Ni injega nkuruki ya fertilizer cia nduka niuntu
TIST: Unoru bwa muthetu.
KIMERU VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
icithithitie yongwa na itina ugwati kiri imera na kiri naria
kuthiurukite. Kuthithia mboleo iji ni njira imwe ya iria
mbuthu, itina goro na injega ya kwongera unoru bwa
muthetu.
Nimbi yumba kuthithia mboleo?
• Matigari ja imera, iria, mathangu jamoomu, imera
biria bigiti, mboleo na maumago ja ndithia, mati jaria
ndithia imamagira, matigari ja irio kuuma riiko na
manyani, muju, maratati jagitangi na kandibodi
• Ugatumira nyama, into kinya biriku kuumania na
ndithia, maguta jamomu kana ja ruuji, sikerebu kana
mikebe ya mibira.
Mitire iria miega buru ya kuthithia mboleo ya
imera:
• Taara antu kurina kirundu gwa gwika int bibi biri
au iguru
• Kunikira na mabura kana kiratasi kia nailoni
• Ikiira ruuji igitene ria uumo
• Karia kuumania na ngai (iria yumba gukamata irio
biria bikwendeka)
• Ja mutaratara tegera ati:
o Gicunci kimwe kiri bithatu ni imera bitinyaari
( manyaki, matunda, nyani, makonyo ja nkara,
makonyo ja nkandi, mboleo kuumania na
ndithia, maria, imera)
o Gicunci kimwe kiri bithatu ni “imera binyaari
( mathangu joomi, nyaki injumu, sondasti,
makandibondi na matigari ja imera warikia
guketha)
o Gicunci kimwe kiri bithatu ni into bibirito ja
biang’i bigitangi na matigari jamanene ja imera.
o Menyeera ati uritumira imera biria
bitirathithia mbeu na ugatumira imera biria
biajitue.
o Rikanira into bibi amwe kana kirinyene. Ruugo
nirwendekaga kuthithia mboleo iji, kwou
urugania into bibi amwe bwega na ukamamiria
into bibi mono.
• Ikiira ruuji, ukunikire na urekane nabio mieri imikai
nikenda into bibi bikoora. No uruganie into bibi
o igita nyuma ya igita.
• Mboleo iji yeja gutendera kana kununka no ithirwe
irina ruuji rurwingi mono kana ithirwe irina into
bitiumi bibingi mono. Ongera imera bibiumu
gwakarika ou na uruganie.
• Geria into biaku biithirwe biri tayari kuunganua,
gwikirwa ruuji, gukunikirwa na gwikwa mieri iiri
kana ithatu mbele ya mbura yambiria nikenda
igatethia igitene ria kuanda.
• Mboleo iji ibati kwithirwa iria ya rangi ya muthetu
na ikiunikang’aga riria iri tayari. No ucunke mboleo
iji nikenda wona iria iunikangi bwega, na wongere
jau manene kirinyene nikenda ija gutumirwa riu
ringi.
Bimwe bia ikundi bia TIST nibitumagira njira imwe iria
boonaga igitaga ngugi. Nibaejene matagaria jaja:
Kuthuranira mboleo ya mati na njira iria ikundi
bimwe bia TIST bitumagira:
1) Taara antu aria ukeenja kirinya giaku kia warie bwa
mita inya na uraja bwa mita inya.
2) Theria antu au
3) Inja kirinya kirina warie bwa mita ithatu gwita inya
na mita imwe na nusu kwinama.
4) Uthurania matigari ja imera biaku jaria urinajo na
ugitange tue tunini. ( mung’uanano mathangu na
mati ja mpempe, miere na ming’au)
5) Ikira matigari jaja kirinyene mwanka gitigare nusu
mita.
6) Ongeera lita ithano cia muju
7) Riu wongere centimita mirongo ithatu (kana o iria
ikwoneka) cia mburi kana nguku).
8) Ongera matigari ja imera nusu mita
9) Ikira lita ingi ithano cia muju
10) Ongera matigari ja imera kairi mwanka kirinya
kiende kuujura
11) Mutia, ikira muthetu mwanka kirinya kiujure
12) Ukiujuria kirinya na muthetu, tonyithia muti
jumuraja gatigati ga kirinya mwanka jukinye
nthiguru buru.
13) Tigana na kirinya giki ntuku mirongo kenda (mieri
ithatu)
14) . Igitene riri tumira ruuji rwaku rwa ruko gwikira
boleo. Mung’uanano, warikia kuthambia nyomba
kana nguo ciaku, ituura ruuji ruru ugutumagira
kirinyene. Kethira urina ndithia ituura maumago
jacio iguru ria kirinya.
15) Geria wikagire kirinya kiu ruuji na njira iji ntuku
cionthe kana oriria ruuji rurio.
16) Ntuku mirongo kenda ciathira, mboleo ikethira
iri tayari. Tumira muti kuthima mwanki – mboleo
yayia no mwanka ithirwe irina mwanki mwanka
toi yoneke ikiumaga mutine wajurita ku.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kikuyu Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Uhoro mwega:TIST niicaguritwo iri namba 1 hari honge iria ciniinaga carbon thiini
wa thi yothe. Page 2
TIST: Gutema miti ya TIST ni kuna watho wa TIST values na Greenhouse Gas
Contract. Nigutumaga miturire ya arimi angi a TIST ithuke. Page 3
TIST Thiini wa Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Unoru wa tiiri. Page 5
Inside:
KIKUYU VERSION 2
ARIMI KWONANIA NOMAGIRITHIE MARIA
MATURIGICIIRIENAMATEITHIE THI YOTHE.
Thiini wa Tulsa, Oklahama, USA, kuri 30 June,
2014 – The International Small Group and Planting
Program (TIST) niyacagurirwo iri namba 1 hari
kueheria na kunina carbon hari utuiriauriia wekirwo
ni Enviromental Finance. Gukuuranwo guku,
gucagurwo ni athomi a thoko ya carbon thi yothe
nikwonanitie maundu maria arimi a TIST
makoretwo makiamukira kumana na kuruta wira
hamwe hari kuhanda miti na guthomithania maundu
megii kwagirithia miturire.
Enviromental Finance ni ngathiti ya online iria
yambiriirie mwaka wa 1999 niguo kuheana uhoro
wa wonjorithia, green finance ohamwe na
kumurika honge iria cikoragwo thoko-iniino ya
carbon. TIST niyo yabere hari honge ici
gukuuranwo ni Enviromental Finance.
TIST ni urimi, uhandi wa miti, uthii wanambere
na kwehutia carbon iria ikoragwo thiini wa Kenya,
Uganda, India na Tanzania. Tisti yambiriirio iri ya
murimi munini na ungihota kuhanda na gutungata
miti kuria kuhinyiririku niguo agirithie mugunda.
Njira ino niininaga mathina mucii na ikagirithia
maria maturigiciirie na utemi wa miti, biodiversity
kuninwo, imamo cia nyamu na ugaruruku wa riera.
Ngatho nyingi hari uhotani uyu ciagiriirwo niguthii
kuri arimi a TIST, uu niguo Ben Henneke, umwe wa
aria mambiriirie TIST augire. “arimi aya monganagia
mbegu, magathondeka nathari, makahanda miti na
makamiiga iri muoyo kuri na riua, makariithia mahiu,
arimi a TIST ni a magegania muno. Nimaretiira
umithio wa miti yao ohamwe na kugia na maria
maturigiciirie mega. Ngerenwa ino irakurana wira
muritu uria urutitwo ni makiria ma arimi 70,000
aria marahanda miti, magithomithanagia na
guteithania”
“Kunina mititu niyo njira imwe yak i-mundu
ya kuongerera CO2, na arimi anini ni amwe a aria
mahutagio ni ugaruruku wa riera,” Henneke agithii
na mbere. “hari miaka 14 mihetuku, atumia na athuri
makiria a TIST nimoete makinya ma gucokereria
miti na kwagirithia migunda yao na matuura.
Kuhitukira githimi kiega kia gukura kwa miti yao
na magathondekanjira ya kwona mbeca kuhitukira
kwendia carbon credits. Carbon credits ici
ciendagrio cabuni na andu aria marenda guteithia
mawira ma arimi a TIST”
Carbon credits cia TIST ciakuma India, Kenya
na Uganda cithuthuragio ni Verified Carbon
Standards(VCS) na Climate, Community &
Biodiversity(CCB) hamwe na “Gold” Level.“wendia
wa credits ici ci kirathi kia iguru cia TIST riu
niukoretwoukinyitirira miena ino na niyagirwo
guthii n mbere guteithia kwa miaka ingi 25-30, “
Henneke akiuga. Hari na kigina makiria kia
gutheremia, nituguthii na mbere na kwirugamirira
hari mutaratara uyu.
Arimi a TIST nimonnanitie ati riria twahuthira
njira njeru na cia ki-riu, kuhanda miti mthemba
miingi, kuruga na riiko ritarahuthira ngu nyingi na
kuiyukia njira njega cia ugima wa mwiri. Uthuthuria
wa ica ikuhi niwonanitie ati umithio uria arimi
makoretwo naguo niukirite garama ya gutwarithia
TIST na mbere.
Henneke ningi niaugire “nitunyitaniire na
USAID Kenya makiria ma miaka 5 niguo gutheremia
TIST Kenya niguo arimi makiria na muno atumia
na mbeu njithi magie na umithio muiingi na
meteithie, magirithie biodiversity na utheru wa
maai na kugitira mititu. Uteithio wa USAID thiini
wa Kenya ningi niuteithitie andu angi kuma
mabururi mangi riria mitaratara mieru iria
ithondekeirwo Kenya yathomithio arimi angi.TIST
niyonanitie ati riria wagirithia matuura hamwe na
thi yothe niguo uthondekaga njira nyingi cia
Uhoro mwega:TIST niicaguritwo iri namba 1 hari
honge iria ciniinaga carbon thiini wa thi yothe.
KIKUYU VERSION 3
uthondeki wa mbeca. Turi na makiria ma 1billion
acre cia migunda iria itari mirime na irabatra
kuhandwo miti,TIST niyonanitie ati “Payments for
Enviromental Services” kuri arimi nokunyihie
greenhouse gases na gikiro kinene muno na
guthondeka mibango yak i-riu ya “Low carbon”
Charlie Williams, Vece President wa Clean Air
Action Corporation (CAAC) akiuga “gwa kahinda
ka miaka 14 tukoretwo na maundu matatu ma
mbere: wa mbere ati arimi aria maingira TIST
nimagia na miturire miega kuhitukira wira wao. Wa
keeri, ati CAAC niiguthondeka mutaratara wa
kurumirira niguo ihote guthima maciaro
makinyaniru na wa gatatu, ati maciaro mao
nimatuika njira ya kwona mbeca kuri o.
Kuri May 2011, mutaratara wa TIST niguo wari
wa mbere thiini wa thi kurikia certification cia VCS
na CCB na riu niurikitie mutaratara ucio maita 14.
Williams akiuga. “ nitukenete nigukorwo na
customers marakuurana ati technical experience
na umithio wa mundu uria umanaga na Tist tonnes.
Eeri a customer aya a bata ni The Carbon Neutral
Company, na Microsoft aria onao makoretwo na
ngerenwa kuma kuri Enviromental Finance.The
Carbon Neutral Company niyacagurirwo iria njega
muno “The Best Offset Retailler” na Microsoft
igicagurwo “The Best Corporate Offset
Programme.” TIST niithiite nambere na gutherema
tondu kuri na arimi milioni nyingi aria marenda
kuingira. Nitwetereire kugia na kigina gia kuhota
gukinyaniria meririria ma arimi niguo tuhote
kuhurana na ugaruruku wa riera.
Mweri muhetuku, nitwaririe uhoro wa
utemi wa miti thiini wa GOCC semina iria ya Gitoro
kuri June 2014, thutha wa gukunguira TIST-USAID
partnership ya miaka 5.
Mweri uuyu, nituramuirikania uhoro wa last
month niguo kumuthomithia na kuigua maeoni
manyu uria tungihota kunina utemi wa miti.
Utongoria wa TIST niwathurire Charles Ibeere
(0720 474209) niguo arutithanie wira na atongoria
a TIST hamwe na arimi niguo uhoro uru wariririo
wega.
Niwega kumenya ati contract ya Green
House Gas, iria arimi othe a TIST mekirite kirore
yugite ati arimi magiriirwo nikuiga miti iri muoyo
gwa kahinda karaihu. Niitikiritie arimi kuhurura miti
na gutagania (angikorwo niikuhaniriirie) kana
gutema gicunji kia 5% kia miti ya gikundi rria yakinyia
miaka 10.
Mawatho maya nimathiite na mbere
nakuhuthika thiinwa tabaarira ya carbon. Aguri a
carbon nimendaga kuona miti iria maragura carbon
credits kuma kuri yo iri muoyo. Riria arimi matema
miti yao, aguri aya nimaregaga kugura carbon credits
icio kuma kundu kuu tondu gutuikaga kuri na ugwati.
Giki nikio gitumi arimi magiriirwo nigutiga
gutema miti niguo carbon credits ciao cigurwo.
Kuri na maundu mangi ningi. Murimi uria watema
muti akoretwo akiamukira githomo, utari wa miti
na ngathiti ya MB. Mahuthiro maria mari make
matwaragirwo arimi aria angi.
Ta kiririkania uhoro wigii maundu maria
GOCC yaugire niikurumirira, araniria na Charles
(0720474209) uhoro wigii:
a) Mawoni ma arimi aria angi thiini wa micemanio
ya cluster uhoro wigii makinya maria
makwoerwo aria matema miti.
b) Uria arimi aria matema miti maririhaga aria angi
niguo uhoro ucio unyihanyihe.
TIST: Gutema miti ya TIST ni kuna watho wa
TIST values na Greenhouse Gas Contract.
Nigutumaga miturire ya arimi angi a TIST ithuke.
KIKUYU VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Mwandiki: William Mwito, Ndungata ya Tist Cluster
Ithui, arimi a TISIT kuma Igembe South turi na gikeno
tukimenyithania ati maundu maria tuhotanite ni
maingi kumana na gukorwo turi thiini wa tabaarira
iro ya TIST. Maya nao ni;
1. Nitwamukagira githomo o mweri kuma kuri
ndugata cia cluster na kuamukira ngathiti ya o
mweri ya Mazingira Bora. Njira ino
niituteithitie kwongerera maciaro ma mbembe,
matunda na irio ingi. Nituthomete kwagirithia
migunda iitu, kugitira tiiri, kwongerera unoru.
Nituthomete maundu ta Kilimo Hai na
guthondeka thumu.
2. Arimi aria mari ruui-ini nimathomithagio
kugitira njuui. Njira ino niitigiriire ati kuri na
maai maingi kur nyamu na andu. Makiria,
nitugitirite migunda iitu kumana na kuhinjio
gwa tiiri.
3. Values ciaTIST na utongoria wa
guthiururukana tukirora muno atumia
niciteithitie hari kwagirithia matuura maitu na
miikarire. Athuri na atumia makoragwo na
mieke iiganaine thiini wa utongoria niguo
maheane na kuruithie iheo ciao wira kuri aria
aangi.
4. Mikahuro kumana na uhandi wa miti ya TIST
nicitumite miturire ya arimi aingi muno
igaruruke. Thiini wa cluster imwe arimi
nimeyumbite niguo makorwo na itati na
meteithie makiria.
5. Uhuthiri wa mariiko ma TIST nimateithagia
kwongerera miti tondu ti miingi iratemwo
niundu wa ngu. Mariiko maya nimongereire
ugima wa mwiri wa andu tondu matirutaga
ndogo nyingi na kwa uguo ciana cigakorwo
ciri ngitire muno.
TIST Thiini wa Igembe.
Mwandiki ni William Mwito, muruti wa wira wa cluster ya TIST
KIKUYU VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Tiiri ni kii?
Tiiri ni mwen wan a-iguru wa thi. Ukoragwo na
riera, maai na unoru hamwe na minerals.
Tiiri uthondekagwo atia?
Gwatukanga na kumumuthuka kwa mahiga nikuo
guthondekaga tiiri uria uhotithagia mimera gukura.
Mimera ningi niyongagirirwo tiiri-ini. Riria mahiga
makiria mamumuthuka, noguo tiiri muingi
uthondekagwo kwa uguo maai maingi nimakuigwo
tiiri-ini na kwongerera gukura kwa mimera.
Nikii organic matter iri ya bata?
Organic matter (Iria ithondekagwo muno kumana
na kubutha kwa mimera) niurutaga unoru muingi
uria woyagwo ni mimera na ikanyitirira miturire
ya indo cia tiiri-ini iria cikoragwo na umithio muingi
kuri tiiri na ukauteithia kugia na hinya na kuhotithia
maai gutonya thiini.
Nikii kimenyithanagia muthemba wa tiiri?
• Riera: Urugari na maai riria cioneka
nicikoragwo na effect kuri kumumuthuka kwa
mahiga.
• Organisms: Bacteria, fungi na minyongoro ni
imwe cia iria ciikaraga tiiri-ini. Imwe
nicinnyitaga itemi hari gutukania tiiri ta
earthworms. Organisms cia tiiri niciteithagia
kubutha na gueithia mimera.
• Topography: Uria mugunda uikare. Kwa
muhiano, tiiri uri kundu kuinamu niukoragwo
uri muceke na ugakuuo ni maai na-ihenya
gukira tiiri ungi uri kundu kuigananu.
• Parent material: Muthemba wa mahiga maria
mathondekete tiiri.
• Human Behaviour: Uria tuhuthagira na
kumenyerera tiiri witu niutumaga unoru
ukorwo uria uri.
Uria tiiri uhana kuringanaga na muigaa wa muthanga,
silt na clay uuthondekete. Diagram ino ironania
mithemba ngurani ya tiiri. Muthemba wa tiiri
niwonanagia uria miri ingiingira tiiri-ini na muigana
wa maai uria ungiimgira thi.
Bata wa soil pH nikii?
Uria tiiri uri na acini na alkali niyo pH na niyugaga
nutrients iria iri tiiri-ini na muthemba wa tiiri uria
ungikorwo mwena ucio na unyitirirwo wega.
Nutrients nyingi cia tiiri nicikoragwo na uhoti wa
kumumuthuka na kwa uguo cigateithia kuiyukio ni
mimera riria tiiri uri na acid gukira riria uri na alkali.
Ona kuri o uguo, angikorwo tiiri uri na acid nyingi
noguo bacteria nyingi citangikura na organic matter
cikaremwo ni kubutha.Tiiri muingi uria wa iguru
ukoragwo na pH ya 5.5-7.5 na ukoragwo na rangi
muiru.
Tiiri munoru ni uriku?
Tiiri uria munoru ni uria ukoragwo na nutrients
iria cibataranagia hari gukura kwa mimera.
• Primary nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus,
potassium
• Secondary nutrients: sulphur, magnesium,
calcium
• Micronutrients: iron, manganese, boron,
chlorine, zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel
Maundu ma kwongerera tiiri unoru.
• Ongerera nitrogen(na njira ya thumu muigu)
ohamwe na phosphorus(na njira ya mahiga).
• Ungania na uhuthire thumu wa mahiu na
mathugumo. Uyu ukoragwo uri mwega riria
wabutha. Uria utar mubuthu noukorwo na
ammonia nyingi(iria ingithukia mimera).
Thumu uyu niukoragwo na pathogens nini.
Ungihuthira utari mubuthu, huthira utari
muingi na uutige gwa kahinda ka mieri 2 .
• Ongerera organic matter kuhitukira
composting
• Huthira njira iria njega na hitukie.
o Kuhanda mithemba miingi ya irio hamwe
na gucenjania imera.
o Kuhanda miti mugunda-ini wa irio
o Gutiga mahuti mabuthire mugunda
o Kuhuthira marima ma Kilimo Hai.
o Nyihia erosion na kuhanda miti, kwenja
terraces kana fanya juu.
• Huthira intercropping na Pigeon pea (Cajanus
cajan), Dolichos lablab, Mucuna pruriens,
Crotalaria, Canavalia.
• Ongerera muhu, uria I ukoragwo na calcium
na potassium carbonate.
• Ongerera lime anbatarikgikorwo tiiri waku
niukoragwo na acid nyingi.
• Niwega kwaga kwongerera minerals (tiga iria
cikoragwo thumuini) utarorete tiiri wega
niguo wone kana nicirabatarikana.
• Nikuri hiingo wagiriirwo nikuongerera
inorganic chemicals fertilizers. Huthira
kuringana na mawatho ma athondeki na
ataalamu a maundu egii tiiri.
TIST: Unoru wa tiiri.
KIKUYU VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
Composting
Compost manure ni thumu utari wa fertilizer uria
uteothagia mimera gukura. Niukoragwo urimwega
gukira wa chemical tondu ni wa ki-nduire na
nduthukagia mimera na maria maturigiciirie.
Composting ni nnjira imwe ya iria huthu makiria
na citari na mahuthiro maingi cia kwongerera unoru
wa tiiri.
Nikii kingihuthika hari guthondeka compost?
• Matigari ma irio, riia, mahuti na mahuti ma miti,
main a mathugumo ma mahiu, irio cia nyumba
matunda, muhu na maratahi .
• Ndukahuthire nyama, daily products, fats, oil
Cuma kana plastic.
Maundu maria wagiriirwo nikurumirira riria
urathondeka compost.
• Huthira handu hari na kiiruru.
• Humbira na marigu kana plastic
• Itiriria maai riria kuri na riua.
• Gitira kumana na mbura(iria ingithambia unoru
wothe)
• Ta njira ici, tigirira;
o 1/3 “green vegetation” (nyeki, matunda,
mboga, makorogoca, makoni, thumu, riia
na mimera)
o 1/3 ‘brown vegetation’ mahuti momu,
straw, nuura, cardboard na matigari ma irio)
o 1/3 indo nene ta miti
o Tigirira niwahuthira indo citari nambegu
na ndukahuthire kindu kiri na murimu.
o Iganirira indo ici hamwe na ndugakindire.
• Itiriria indo icio maai,humbira na utige niguo
cibuthe gwa kahnda ka mieri ta iiri. Nouikare
ugitukanagia indo icio.
• Indo icio cingiambiriria kununga, nikuga ati ciri
na maai maingi kana green vegetation ni nyingi,
ongerera brown vegetation na utukanie.
• Geria gukorwo na indo ici ciothe niguo
utukanie, uitiririe maai na uhumbire na utigie
2-3 months mbere ya mbura niguo ukorwo uri
mwega ukihanda.
• Thumu uyu wagiriirwo gukorwo uri wa brown
na unyitanite. No ucunge thumu niguo wehutie
giko na ukoro na mutukanio mwega.
Ikundi imwe cia TIST nicihuthagira njira ngurani na
makona ciri njega na magataariria haha.
Kuhariria compost manure na TIST groups
1) Hariria handu ha 4mx4m ha kwenja irima.
2) Theria handu hau.
3) Enja irima ria 3-4m na 1.5 uriku.
4) Ungania matigari mothe ma irio na umatinangie
tunini tunini( muhiano mahuti ma mabebe,
muhia na mboco)
5) Itirira mahuti macio irima-ini na utigie 0.5m.
6) Ikira 5l cia muhu
7) Ongerera 30cm mai ma mahiu.
8) Ikira mahuti mangi.
9) Ikira 5l cia muhu ingi.
10) Ikira mahuti nginya uihurie mahuti nginya
uihurie irima.
11) Muthia, ikira tiiri nginya iguru.
12) Riria uraihuria tiiri, ikira muti miraihu gatagati
niguo ukinye thi.
13) Eterera thumu waku matuku 90 kannaa
(3months)
14) Gwa kahinda gaka, huthira maai mari na giko
gwikira irima-ini. Kwa muhiano, thtutha wa
guthambia nyumba, nguo huthira maai macio
kana mathuguma ma mahiu.
15) Itiriria irima maai o muthenya na njira ino kana
riria maai monekana.
Thutha wa 90days thumu waku niugukorwo uri
mwega. Huthira muti uria uhandite gatagati ta
thermometer – riria thumu wagira niwagiriirwo
nigukokorwo uri muhiu na waruta muti ucio.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kiswahili Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Habari njema:TIST imechaguliwa kuwa mradi unaoshughulikia
kusafisha hewa bora zaidi katika dunia nzima. Page 2
Kukata miti yote katika mashamba ya TIST ni kukiuka maadili ya TIST na mkataba
wa GhG wenye athari kubwa sana. Unadhuru matendo mazuri ya maelfu ya wakulima
katika TIST. Page 3
Mradi wa TIST eneo la Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Rutuba ya udongo. Page 5
Inside:
KISWAHILI VERSION 2
WAKULIMA WA MASHAMBA MADOGO
WATHIBITISHA KUWA WANAWEZA KUBORESHA
MAZINGIRA YAO NA KUSAIDIA SAYARI HII
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A., Juni tareha
thelathini, 2014 – Mradi unaoitwa The International
Small Group and Tree Planting Program (TIST)
ulichaguliwa kuwa mradi bora zaidi katika kusafisha
hewa katika utafiti wa dunia nzima uliofanywa na
Environment Finance.. Utambuzi huu uliopigiwa
kura na wasomi waliopo katika soko la kaboni
katika ulimwengu mzima, ulitambua faida nyingi
wanazopata wakulima katika TIST kutokana na
kufanya kazi pamoja ya kupanda miti, na kuunda na
kugawana na wengine njia bora za kufanya mambo
ambazo huboresha maisha yao
Environmental Finance ni huduma ya habari
na uchambuzi kupitia tovuti iliyoanzishwa mwaka
elfu moja mia tisa tisini na tisa ikiwa ya kuripoti
uwekezaji endelevu, fedha kutokana na mimea na
watu na kampuni zinazojishughulisha katika
masoko ya kimazingira.TIST ni mradi wa kusafisha
hewa wa kwanza kutambulika na huduma hii ya
Environment Finance.
TIST ni mradi wa kilimo, upandaji miti,
maendeleo na uuzaji wa kaboni unaofanya kazi
Kenya, India, Uganda na Tanzania.TIST ilianzishwa
na na kwa sababu ya wakulima wenye mashamba
madogo na wanaolima chakula wanaopanda miti
katika mashamba yaliyodhoofika ili kuboresha
maisha yao na kuboresha usalama wa chakula. Kazi
yao inashughulikia pia masuala ya kienyeji, ya
kikanda nay a kimataifa yanayohusu mazingira kama
ukataji misitu, kupotea kwa bionuwai, kuzoea na
mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa.
“Wanaofaa kupongezwa kwa matokeo mazuri
ya mradi huu ni wakulima wa TIST”, Ben Henneke,
mmoja wa waanzishi wa TIST alisema. “Wakulima
hawa wa TIST hukusanya mbegu, kutengeza vitalu,
kupanda miche na kuiweka hai wakati wa kiangazi,
mafuriko, na uvamizi wa ng’ombe, mbuzi na ndovu.
Wakulima wa TIST ni kikundi cha watu chenye
msukumo wa kiajabu. Wanajivunia faida miti yao
inaleta katika maisha yao na mazingira ya dunia
nzima. Zawadi hii ni ya kazi ngumu iliyofanywa na
wakulima zaidi ya elfu sabini wanaopanda miti,
kugawana taarifa, kupima matokeo na kusaidia
wakulima wengine.”
“Ukataji miti katika maeneo yalio na mvua
nyingi ni chanzo moja kubwa zaidi la hewa chafu
inayosababishwa na binadamu, na wakulima wadogo
ni pamoja na wengine wale wanaodhuriwa zaidi
na kubadika kwa hewa, “ aliendelea Henneke.
“Katika miaka iliyopita kumi na nne, wanawake na
wanaume zaidi katika TIST wamechukua hatua
kubadili ukataji wa misitu na kuboresha mashamba
yao na yale yalio katika jamii zao. Kwa kupima ukuzi
wa miti kwa umakini wametengeneza mmea wa
kuleta fedha usioonekana- kaboni inayowekwa
katika miti. Hewa hii iliyotolewa na iliyopimwa
huuziwa makampuni, mashiriki na pia watu
wanaotaka kuhamasisha jitihada za wakulima katika
TIST”. Kaboni ya TIST kutoka India, Kenya na
Uganda ilihakikishwa na kuthibitishwa na VCS na
CCB pamoja na ngazi ya dhahabu. “Mauzo ya tani
hizi za TIST za hali ya juu sasa hushikilia maeneo
yaliyopo na zafaa kuendelea kuleta faida miaka
ishirini na tano hadi thelathini ifuatayo,” alisema
Henneke. “Kukiwa na fedha nyongeza za kuanzia,
tutaendelea kurudia mchakato huu unaojishikilia
wenyewe.”
Wakulima katika TIST wameonyesha kuwa
matumizi ya njia mpya za kilimo, kupanda miti ya
aina mbali mbali, kutumia meko ya kusalimisha
nishati, na kuanza mazoezi mapya bora kiafya yana
athari kubwa sana kwa mapato na afya ya familia.
Masomo ya hivi karibuni kuhusu kudhibitishwa na
kupitishwa mara nyingi yameonyesha kuwa faida
wanazopata wakulima zinazidi kwa umbali gharama
ya kuendeleza mradi.
Henneke aliongeza, “Tumefanya kazi pamoja
na USAID-Kenya miaka mitano iliyopita ya kueneza
TIST katika Kenya ili wakulima zaidi wajiunge nayo,
sana sana wanawake na vijana, ili wapate faida,
waboreshe bionuwai na usfi wa maji, na kulinda
misitu. Usaidizi wa USAID nchini Kenya umefaidisha
wakulima katika kila nchi wakati njia bora za
kufanya mambo huanzishwa Kenya na kupitishwa
kutoka kwa mkulima hadi kwa mwingine. TIST
Habari njema:TIST imechaguliwa kuwa mradi unaoshughulikia
kusafisha hewa bora zaidi katika dunia nzima.
KISWAHILI VERSION 3
Mwezi uliopita, tulijadili kuhusu ukataji miti
yote katika semina ya GOCC iliyofanyika Gitoro
mwezi juni mwaka 2014, mara moja baada ya
sherehe za ushirikiano wenye mafanikio wa miaka
mitano kati ya TIST na USAID.
Mwezi huu, tunabeba kumbusho la makala
mwezi uliopita tukiitisha taarifa na fikira kutoka kwa
wakulima wa TIST kuhusu mawazo bora zaidi
yatayosaidia kumaliza kabisa ukataji miti yote.
Chama cha Uongozi wa TIST kilimchagua Charles
Ibeere (0720 474209) kufanya kazi ya karibu na
viongozi katika cluster, wawakilishi katika GOCC
na wakulima katika TIST kushughulikia suala hili.
Ni muhimu kujua kuwa kandarasi ya GhG ambayo
wakulima wote wa TIST walitia saini, ina mkataba
wa wakulima wa kuweka miti kwa muda mrefu.
Inaruhusu tu wakulima kupunguza miti (ikiwa
imekaribiana sana), kukata matawi ili kupata kuni,
na kukata miti hadi asili mia tano ya miti iliyo katika
kikundi kila mwaka miti inapfikisha miaka kumi au
zaidi.
Kanuni hii ni muhimu ili kuendelea kuhusika
katika mradi wa kaboni. Wanunuzi wa kaboni
huhitaji uhakika kwamba miti ambayo wananunulia
kaboni ipo hai.Ambapo wakulima hukata miti yao,
wanunuzi wa kaboni hukataa kila wakati
kuwanunulia kwani wao huona ni kufanya kazi
yenye hatari kubwa. Hii ndio sababu tendo la
wakulima wachache wanaokiuka kanuni hii laweza
kuwafanya wanunuzi wa kaboni kukataa
kuwanunulia wakulima wengine katika TIST.
Kumekuwa pia na wasi wasi zinginezo.
Mkulima anayekata miti yake yote amekuwa
akipata mafunzo ya TIST, kuhesabiwa miti na kupata
gazeti la Mazingira Bora. Gharama hizi zote
zilizotumika kwake upitishwa kwa wakulima
wengine.
Kama kumbusho, kuhusu hatua GOCC walizoamua
kuchukua, tafadhali ongea na Charles (0720 474209)
kuhusu:
a) Mawazo ya wakulima wengine katika mikutano
ya TIST kuhusu hatua zinazofaa kuchukuliwa
kwa wanaokata miti yote.
b) Jinsi mkulima aliyekata miti yote anafaa
kuwafidia wakulima wengine ili kuwaepusha
kutokana na hasara katika biashara ya kaboni.
yaonyesha kuwa kuboresha mazingira ya karibu nay
a dunia huleta mapato na nafasi zaidi. Kukiwa na
zaidi ya bilioni moja ya mashamba yaliyodhoofika
yanayohitaji kurejeshwa, TIST inaonyesha kuwa
kuanzisha huduma ya kulipia kazi zinazosaidia
mazingira za wakulima katika nchi zenye mvua
nyingi kwaweza kupunguza kwa kasi gesi
zinazoongeza joto duniani na kutupa wakati wa
kuendeleza na kuhakikisha njia zingine za
kiteknolojia zinazotoa kaboni kidogo zaidi.”
Charlie Williams, Makamu wa raisi wa shirika
la Clean Air Action Corporation (CAAC), alisema,
“Katika miaka kumi nan ne iliyopita tumekuwa na
wasi wasi za aina tatu za kimsingi: Kwanza, kuwa
wakulima waliojiunga na TIST wanajiboreshea
maisha kupitia kazi zao. Pili, kuwa CAAC
itatengeneza mifumo na michakato ya kufuatilia
mambo ili kupima kwa usahihi na uwazi matokeo
yao. Na tatu, kuwa matokeo yao yaliyopimwa
yatafanya chanzo kipya cha mapato kwao.” Mwezi
wa tano 2011, mradi wa TIST ulikuwa wa kwanza
katika dunia kukamilisha na kutunikiwa na VCS na
CCB na sasa umemaliza mchakato huu mara kumi
na nne. Williams aliongeza, “Tuna furaha kuwa na
wateja wanaotambua ubora wa kiteknolojia na faida
za kibinadamu ambazo huletwa na ununuzi wa
kaboni hii ya TIST. Wawili kati ya wateja hawa ni ,
The Carbon Neutral Company, na Microsoftambao
pia wametunukiwa zawadi kutoka kwa Environment
Finance. , The Carbon Neutral Company
ilichaguliwa kuwa “Mnunuzi mdogo bora zaidi wa
kaboni” na Microsoft ilichaguliwa kuwa “. TIST
inaendelea kurudia na kupanuka kwa sababu kuna
mamilioni ya wakulima wanaotaka kujiunga nayo.
Tunangoja sana kupata pesa zitakazosaidia kufikia
mahitaji ya wakulima hao, na kuongeza athari yenye
faida ya TIST kwa mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa.”
nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn
Kukata miti yote katika mashamba ya TIST ni
kukiuka maadili ya TIST na mkataba wa GhG
wenye athari kubwa sana. Unadhuru matendo
mazuri ya maelfu ya wakulima katika TIST.
KISWAHILI VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Sisi, wakulima wa TIST kutoka Igembe Kusini,
tunafaraha tukiripoti mafanikio yetu yaliyotokana
na kujiunga na mradi wa TIST. Haya ni pamoja na
bali si tu:
1. Tunapata mafunzo ya kila mwezi kutokana na
watumishi wa cluster pamoja na kupata gazeti
la kila mwezi linaloitwa Mazingira Bora. Haya
ni lili kutusaidia kuongeza uzalishaji wa
mashamba yetu katika mahindi, matunda na
mimea mingine. Tumefunzwa kupanga
mashamba yetu vizuri zaidi, kudhibiti
mmomonyoko wa udongo, kuongeza rutuba ya
udongo, kulima kwa njia ya Kilimo hai na
kutengeneza mbolea ya majani.
2. Wakulima wanaopakana na mito hufunzwa
kuhifadhi maeneo yaliyo kando ya mito.
Mafunzo haya huhakikisha uwepo wa maji safi
tosha kila wakati kwa sababu ya mifugo yetu
na matumizi yetu ya nyumbani. Kuongeza,
tunalinda mashamba yetu kutokana na
kudhoofika kwa kila wakati kwani
mmomonyoko wa udongo unadhibitika.
3. Maadili ya TIST na uongozi wa mzunguko
unaofikiria kuwapa wake na waume nafasi sawa
umesaidia sana kubadilisha jamii yetu. Wake,
waume na vijana wana nafasi sawa za uongozi,
kuonyeshana na kupitisha vipaji vyao vya
uongozi, kujenga imani kati yao na kuleta
mawazo mapya kwa maendeleo na ukuzi wetu.
4. Motisha za miti kutoka kwa TIST zimesaidia
kubadilisha maisha ya wakulima wengi. Katika
baadhi ya cluster, wakulima hujipanga kufanya
benki kati yao, kutembeleana na hivyo basi
kuzidisha usaidizi unaomfikia mkulima.
5. Matumizi ya meko ya kuokoa nishati husaidi
kuongeza miti ilio hai kwani ni miti michache
hukatwa kuwa kuni. Meko haya yamesaidia
sana kuboresha afya na usalama kwani moshi
ni kidogo na huelekezwa nje ya eneo la
kupikia kila wakati, na usalama wa watoto
katika eneo la kupikia huongezeka sana.
Mradi wa TIST eneo la Igembe.
Umeletewa na William Mwito, mtumishi katika cluster ya TIST
KISWAHILI VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Udongo ni nini?
Udongo ni safu ya juu zaidi ya ardhi. Udongo una hewa,
maji, viumbe hai na madini.
Udongo utengenezwa aje?
Kuvunjika kwa miamba ya mawe hutoa madini
yanayoshikilia maisha ya mimea. Mimea ndipo huongezwa
udongoni kama viumbe hai. Jinsi mawe zaidi
yanavyovunjwa na mabaki ya viumbe hai zaidi kuongezwa
ndivyo maji mengi zaidi yaweza kushikiliwa katika
udongo, na kuendelea kuboresha ukuzi wa mimea.
Mbona mabaki ya viumbe hai ni muhimu?
Viumbe hai (sana sana kutokana na kuoza na kutengana
kwa mimea) hutoa virutubisho vingi, vinavyopatikana ili
kuchukuliwa na mimea mipya. Pia hushikilia maisha ya
vijidudu vyenye faida vilivyopo katika udong, husaidia
maji kuingia udongoni na pia husaidia kushikilia udongo
pamoja.
Ni nini huamua aina ya udongo unaopatikana?
• Hali ya hewa: joto pamoja na uwepo wa maji
huathiri wepesi wa kuvunjika kwa mawe.
• Viumbe hai: bakteria, kuvu na minyoo pamoja na
viumbe hai vinginevyo vinavyoishi katika udongo.
Baadhi yavyo hufanya kazi muhimu ya
kuchanganya udongo kama minyoo. Viumbe hai
katika udongo husaidia kuvunja vunja viumbe hai
na vingine husaidia kuingiza naitrojeni udongoni
(kwa mfano Rhizobium bacteria).
• Sura ya ardhi: Kwa mfano, udongo katika miteremko
ni kondefu zaidi kwa ujumla kuliko udongo uliopo
katika mabonde.
• Mawe ulipotoka udongo: aina ya jiwe udongo
ulipotoka.
• Tabia ya binadamu: tunavyotumia na kuhudumia
udongo wetu huathiri rutuba kwa ukubwa.
Udongo unavyohisika kwa mkono hulingana na ni
kiwango kipi cha mchanga, silt na clay kilichopo. Picha
iliyopo kwa ukurasa unaofuata inaonyesha aina za
udongo tukifuatilia unavyohisika kwa mkono. Udongo
unavyohisika kwa mkono na ulivyojengwa huathiri
wepesi ambao mizizi itaingia kwa udongo na kiwango
cha maji kinachowekwa.
Ni kwa nini PH ya udongo ni muhimi?
Jinsi udongo una acidi au chokaa (PH) huathiri
virutubisho vilivyopo ili kutumiwa na mimea na vijidudu
vipi katika udongo vyaweza kuishi. Kwa kijumla
virutubisho vingi katika udongo umumunyika (na hivyo
basi huwa tayari kuchukuliwa na mimea) katika udongo
wenye acidi ikilinganishwa na usio na chochote au
uliona chokaa.
Hata hivyo, ikiwa udongo una acidi nyingi sana, bakteria
haziwezi kuishi na jambo hili litaathiri kutenganishwa
kwa viumbe hai. Udongo wa juu mwingi ulio mzuri huwa
na PH ya kati ya 5.5 na 7.5 na huwa na rangi ya giza.
Udongo wenye rutuba ni upi?
Udongo wenye rutuba ni uliopo na virutubisho
vinavyohitajika ili mimea kuishi kwa wingi.
• Virutubisho vya kimsingi: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
• Virutubisho vya sekondari: sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Virutubisho vinavyotakikana kwa kiwango kidogo:
iron, manganese, boron, chlorine, zinc, copper,
molybdenum, nickel
Mikakati ya kuboresha rutuba ya udongo
• Fikiria kuongeza naitrojeni ( iliyopo katika mbolea
ya kijani iliyotokana na mimea inayoweka naitrojeni
udongoni) na Phosphorus ( iliyopo kama Rock
phosphate).
• Kusanya na utumie kinyesi na mikojo ya mifugo
yako. Hii ni bora zaidi ikiwa katika mbolea
iliyotengenezwa katika shimo. Vyanzo safi huwa na
ammonia nyingi zaidi (ambayo hudhuru mimea)
na vyaweza kuwa na vijidudu vingi zaidi (vijidudu
vinavyoleta magonjwa). Mbolea iliyotengenezwa
katika shimo huwa na wadudu wachache. Ikiwa
utatumia mbolea isiyokauka, tumia kidogo na ukae
kwa muda wa miezi miwili kabla ya kuweka tena.
• Ongeza viumbe hai kupitia kutengeneza mbolea
kama ilivyoelezwa hapa chini
• Tumia njia bora zaidi za kilimo hai kama ilivyoelezwa
katika makala ya hapo nyuma:
o Mzunguko wa mimea
o kulima mimea tofauti pamoja
o Kilimo mseto
o Planting leguminous cover crops Kupanda
mimea ya kufunika ardhi inayoongeza
naitrojeni udongoni
o Kuacha mashamba yakiwa hayajapandwa
misimu mingine
o o Kufunika ardhi kwa mimea
o Kutumia mashimo ya kilimo hai
o Kupunguza mmomonyoko wa udongo
unaosababishwa na maji kwa kupanda miti,
kuchimba mitaro
• Fikiria kupanda pamoja Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan),
Dolichos lablab, Mucuna pruriens, Crotalaria,
Canavalia.
• Fikiria kuongeza jivu kwani lina madini ya calcium
na potassium carbonate kwa wingi.
• Ongeza chokaa (lime) iwapo wajua udongo wako
una acidi kali
• Ni bora zaidi usiongeze virutubisho vingine
(isipokuwa vilivyopo katika mbolea) kabla ya
kupima udongo kwanza ili kuona ni virutubisho
na madini vinahitajika.
• Kuna wakati mwingine unahitajika kuongeza
mbolea ya viwandani. Tumia kama ilivyoelekezwa
na uulizie nizipi ni ni nzuri kwa mazingira ya eneo
lako kupitia kupata ushauri kutokana na
wasimamizi wa kilimo wako
TIST: Rutuba ya udongo.
KISWAHILI VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
Kutengeneza mbolea ya majani
Mboleo ya majani ni mbolea ya kiasilia ya kusaidia mimea
yako kukua. Ni bora zaidi ya mbolea za viwanda kwani
ni ya kiasili na haina athari za kuumiza mimea na
mazingira. Kuandaa mbolea hii ni moja ya njia zilizo
nyepesi, zenye gharama ndogo na bora zaidi za
kuboresha rutuba ya udongo.
Ni nini hutumika kutengeneza mbolea hii?
• Masali ya mimea, magugu, majani yaliyokauka, mimea
iliyokatwa, kinyezi na mikojo ya mifugo, matandiko
ya mifugo, chakula kilichobaki jikoni kutokana na
matunda na mboga, jivu, makaratasi yaliyokatwa na
mbao nyepesi
• Usitumie nyama, vitu vinavyotokana na mifugo,
mafuta, chuma au plastiki.
Mazoezi ya kijumla yaliyo bora zaidi katika
maandalizi ya mbolea hii:
• Chagua eneo lenye kivuli la kuchimba shimo lako
• Funikia kwa majani ya ndizi au kwa karatasi ya
plastiki
• Nyunyizia maji wakati wa kiangazi.
• Linda dhidi ya mvua (ambao hubeba virutubisho)
• Kama mwongozo wa kijumla, lenga:
o Sehemu moja kwa tatu ‘mimea ya kijani’ (nyasi
iliyokatwa, matunda, mboga, mabaki ya mayai,
mabaki ya mbegu za mafuta, magugu, mimea)
o Sehemu moja kwa tatu mimea iliyokauka
(majani makavu, nyasi iliyokauka, mabaki ya
mbao, mbao nyepesi na masalamadogo
madogo ya mimea)
o Sehemu moja kwa tatu vitu vizito kama matawi
yaliyokatwa na mabaki makubwa ya mimea.
o Hakikisha unatumia mimea ambayo haina
mbegu, na usitumie mimea iliyo na ugonjwa.
o Weka vitu hivi kwa safu au katika shimo. Hewa
huhitajika kutengeneza mbolea, kwa hivyo
changanya vitu hivi pamoja na usifinyilie chini
• Nyunyizia maji, funika na uache ili vitengane kwa
muda na miezi michache inayofuata. Waweza
kukuchanganya tena kila baada ya wakati.
• Ikiwa mbolea itakuwa yenye kuteleza au inayonuka
jinsi inavyoendelea, yaweza kuwa na maji mengi
sana au kuwa na mimea ya kijani mingi sana. Ongeza
mimea iliyokauka ili likionekana na uchanganye.
• Jaribu kuhakikisha masala yako yapo tayari
kuchanganywa, kuwekewa maji, kufunikwa na
kuachwa kwa miezi miwili au mitatu kabla ya msimu
wa mvua kuanza ili mbolea iwe tayari wakati wa
kupanda.
• Mbolea yafaa kuwa ya rangi ya kahawia na yenye
kuvunjika kwa urahisi inapokuwa tayari. Waweza
kutenganisha mboleo iliyo na vipande vidogo
vidogo na ile yenye vikubwa vikubwa, na kurudisha
yenye vipande vikubwa shimoni ili iwe tayari wakati
utakaofuata.
Baadhi ya vikundi vya TIST hutumia njia maalum zaidi
ambayo waliiona kuwa yenye ufanisi. Wameeleza
mchakato huo hapa chini:
Hatua za Maandalizi ya mboleo zinazotumika
na baadhi ya vikundi katika TIST:
1) Chagua eneo lenye upana wa mita nne na urefu
wa mita nne la kuchimba shimo lako la taka
2) Fagia sehemu hiyo
3) Chimba shimo la mduara lenye upana wa mita tatu
au nne na mita moja na nusu kina.
4) Kusanya masala yote ya mimea uliyo nayo na
uyakate kuwa sehemu ndogo ndogo (kwa mfano
majani na mashina ya mahindi, mtama, maharagwe)
5) Weka masala haya ya mimea katika shimo ilo hadi
kina cha nusu mita.
6) Halafu ongeza lita tano za jivu
7) Halafu uongeze centimita thelathini (ama kiwango
kiliopo) za kinyesi cha mifugo (kwa mfano kinyesi
cha nguruwe, ng’ombe, mbuzi au kuku).
8) Ongeza safu nyingine ya majani ya mimea na
mashina (nusu mita)
9) Ongeza lita zingine tano za jivu.
10) Ongeza majani na mashina tena hadi shimo likaribie
kujaa.
11) Hatimaye, ongeza safu ya udongo hadi shimo lijae.
12) Unapokuwa ukiweka udongo shimoni, ingiza fimbo
ndefu katikati mwa shimo hadi ifike chini ya shimo.
13) Liache shimo la taka kwa miezi mitatu (siku tisini).
14) Katika kipindi hiki tumia maji yako machafu kuweka
katika shimo hili. Kwa mfano, baada ya kuosha nguo
au nyumba, yamwage maji uliyotumia juu ya shimo.
Ikiwa una mifugo waweza pia kumwaga mikojo ya
mifugo juu ya shimo.
15) Jaribu kuweka maji kila siku kwa njia hii, ama wakati
maji yapo.
16) Baada ya siku tisini mbolea itakuwa tayari. Tumia
fimbo kama kipima joto – mbolea inapokuwa tayari
lazima iwe na joto na waweza kuona mvuke ukitoka
kwa fimbo hiyo baada ya kuitoa.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kikamba Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Uvoo munene: TIST kusakuwa kwithiwa neyo nzeo kwa walany’o wa nzeve itavisaa
(Carbon) nthi yonthe. Page 2
TIST: Kutema miti ngulutu yoothe ila nitalikite nthini wa TIST ni ikosa inene nundu
nuuvitya kwialana wiw’ano na walany’o wa TIST na nyumba sya ngilini sya nzeve. Ni
iumiasya memoko maseo ma makili ma aimi maTIST. Page 3
Walany’o wa TIST kisioni kya Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Unou wa muthanga. Page 5
Inside:
KIKAMBA VERSION 2
AIMI MA NIMA NINI KUIKIITHYA NIMATONYA
KWAILYA MAWITHYULULUKO MOO NA
KUTETHEESYA IKONYO INYA
SYA NTHI KWAILA.
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A. kwi matuku 30/06/2014
TIST ila ni (The International Small Group and Tree
Planting Program) nimasakuiwe kwithiwa nemo
mambee nduniani mena walany’o museo wa
kwailya mawithyululuko nthi yothe usakuani ula
weekiwe ni Environmental Finance. Kumanyikana
kuu kula kwanyuviweni asomi na maprovesa nthini
wa soko ya nzeve itavisaa nthi yothe, imoolotile
moseo ala aimi ma TIST makwataa kumanan na
kuthukuma vamwe kuvandani kwa miti na kiana
vamwe na kumayiany’a iulu wa mawalanyo maseo
undu wa kwailya mathayu moo.
Environmental Finance ni kisese kinyaiikasya
na kunengane mawoni kwa nzia ya internet ila
mambiie unengane livoti syoo kuma mwaka wa
1999 iulu wa kwambiia undu wa kwikalauendee,
ukwati wa ngilini, andu na kambuni ila syiyumitye
undu wa mawithyululuko. TIST niyo yambee
kwambiia kumanyikana ni ngwatanio ino ikwitwa
Environmental Finance.
TIST ni nima ya liu, uvandi wa mi, kwiana na
kuta nzeve itavisaa ila yina wia wayo Kenya, India,
Uganda na Tanzania. TIST niyambiie na aimi anini
ala mavandie miti kusiia muthanga kukuwa na
kwailya mathayu moo vamwe na kwithiwa na liu
wa kwiana. Meko moo methiitwa maialyula vala
mai, nthi syoo na nthi yonthe mawithyululuko
makasenzya nundu wakwithiwa kutemwa kwa miti,
kwaa ka mithemba ya tene, na nzeve kukeuka.
“Makukathiia nthini wa wailu wa walany’o uu
ni aimi ma Tist” Niw’o Ben Hennek ula ni umwe
wa ambiia ma TIST. “ Aimi aya nimo makolanasya
mbindi na ngii sya miti kivathukany’o makaseuvya
ivuio, makavanda na kumisuvia miti ona ivinda yila
kumu kana mbua ne mbingi, makamisuvia indo na
nyamu
kwananga nginya ikena.Aimi ma TIST ni andu amwe
ma kuthuthya muno. Nimeyoneaa na kwikanthiia
undu wa vaita ula makwataa kuma miti mathayuni
moo na mawithyululukoni. Muthinzio uyu
niwaumanyithya na kwinanya wia woo museo ula
mekite na aimi mbee wa 70,000 ala mavandite miti,
makataana na kuolelanila umanyi, kusyaiisya kuvikia
usyao na kutethya aimi angi”.
“Kwengwa kwa miti isioni sya Topical ni
kimwe kati ka ila iseuvitye nzeve itavisaa kuma
munduni, na aimi anini ni amwe kati wa aimi ala
methiitwe maikwata wasyo kumana na uvinduku
wa nzeve”, Henneke niwaendeeie na kuweta.“Kwa
myaka 14 iveti na aume aingi na aingi moo nimoosie
itambya ya kutungiia miunda yoo kwa kuvanda miti
na kwailya itheka sya mbai syoo. Kwa kuthima undu
miti yianite na kuseuvya ingi myeu undu wa “nima
ya useuvya mbesa syinekee kwa menyenyi” (“virtual
cash crop”) ila ni carbon offsets. Nzeve itavisaa
yateewa kambuni, ngwatanio na andu ala
mendaakuthuthya kithito kya aimi ma TIST”.
Nzeve itavisaa kuma India, Kenya na Uganda
nikunikilawa/kuthianwa na kuvitukithya kuvika
kiwango kya Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) na
Climate, Community & Biodiversity(CCB) kila
kivamwe na kiwango kya “Thaavu”. “kutewa kwa
nzeve ya katikati na kiwango kya TIST yu
nikikwatitwe mbau vyu isioni ila syivo na kuendeea
kuete vaita kwa myaka 25-30 yukite” Henneke
niwawetie. “Kwa kuendeea kuthathaa,
nitukuendeea na kwailya wiko uu wa kwiyikalya.
Ithagu ya 2 kwa 2
Aimi ma TIST nimonanitye kwa kutumia nzia
nzau sya nima undu wa kuvanda mithemba
kivathukany’o ya miti, kutumia maiko meu mausuvia
mwaki kuua, kutumia nzia nzeo sya kwikalya uima
wa mii ni kwithiitwe na uthyo na vaita munene kwa
misyi yoo nthini wa ukwati na uima woo. Nthini
wa ukunikili ula uneekiwe omituki wionanya kana
mauseo ala aimi makwataa kwisila walany’oni uyu
nimaingi kwi kila kyatumikie kwambiia walany’o
uyu.
Henneke niwongelile kwasya, “nitweethiiwe
na wiw’ano wa ngwatanio na USAID KENYA kwa
ilungu ya myaka itano mivitu kwoondu wa uyaiikya
Tist kwa aimi aingi Kenya, munamuno iveti na yiika,
ala matonya useuvya moseo maingi kwoo ene, kwa
kwailya kila mwikalo wa kila mbai na kiw’u vamwe
na kusuvia mititu.
Utethyo wa USAID nthini wa Kenya
niwatethisye nthi ila ingi syi nthini wa walany’o uyu
wa TIST ila syithiawa na walany’o museo na
kumanyiany’a muimi kwa ula ungi ula ni undu wa
Uvoo munene: TIST kusakuwa kwithiwa neyo nzeo
kwa walany’o wa nzeve itavisaa (Carbon) nthi yonthe.
KIKAMBA VERSION 3
mbiie vaa Kenya. Tist yionany’a kwailya isio ila
tukwikala na mawithyululuko ma ikonyo inya sya
nthi nikuseuvasya nzia nzau sya kuete ukwati na
mavuso maseo. Twina eka mbee wa mbilioni imwe
ila syanangingite na syikwenda utungiiwa, TIST
niyonanitye kana kuseuvya “ndivi ya kuthukuma
mawithyululuo” (Payments for Environmental
Service) kwa imi nikutonya utuma kula kwi nyumba
sya ngilini ila sumasya nzeve thuku uoleka kwa
mituki na ingi kutuma ataalamu mamantha nzia ingi
ila itekumya nzeve itavisaa mbingi ila ni muvango
umwe wa kusyaiisya uime na kuiikithw’a.
Charlie Williams, ula ni munini wa musumbi
wa ngwatanio ya itambya ya nzeve theu (Clean Air
Action Corporation (CAA), nimawetie uu, “kwa
myaka ikumi na ina mithelu nitwithiitwe na kusisya
maundu atatu ala ni: Mbee Kwina aimi eu mailika
nthini wa TIST kwailya mathayu moo kwa kwiyumya
na kithito kyoo. Keli CAAC kwithiwa itonya
kusyaiisya nakwina uw’o na kyenini kwona
nimanengane usyao waw’o. Kya katatu Kithimi kyoo
kyaw’o ni kyaaka nzia nzau ya ueti ka aimi”. Twi
May 2011 muvango wa TIST wai wambee nduniani
kuminukiliilya sativiketi sya VCS na CCB nayu
nimaminite kwa mavinda 14.Williams niwongelile
na kwasya “Twina utanu kwithiwa na athooa ala
mekuelewa maana ma kuua nzeve itavisaa kwa TIST
kwa nzia ya kutethya mundu. Eli ma aui maitu ni
Carbon Neutral Company na Microsoft ila isindite
kwoondu wa ndivi ya mawithyululuko
(Environmental Finance). Kambuni ya Carbon
Neutral Company niyo yasindie kwithiwa yi nzeo
kwa kuua kuma muimi na Microsoft ya kuniwa kula
kwithiwa neyo nzeo kwa kwambiia u walany’o. TIST
niyiendee na kwikuna kundu na kuthathaa nundu
kwina aimi aimngi me kwenda ulika nthini wayo.
Twiite usyaiisyoni kwona nitwavikia kwithiwa na
ukwati utaonya kuvikia mawendi ma imi asya na
kwongela vaita wa TISTkwoondu wa useo wa
uvinduku wa nzeve”
Mwai muthelu nitwa neenanisye iulu wa miti
kutemwa yonthe yila twai na semina ya GOCC twi
Gitoro mwai wathathatu, itina wa kutania wiw’ano
wa TIST- USAID wa myaka itano kwithiwa wina
wailu.
Mwai uyu nitukumulilikany’a oili iulu wa uzoo
na mawoni ma aimi ma Tist undu wa kutema miti
ute kwenga.Utongoi wa kanzu ya TIST niwa sakuie
Charles Ibeere (0720 474209) kuthukuma kwa
vakuvi na atongoi ma ngwatanio(cluster), GOCC
na aimi ma tist kusisya undu uu.
Ni useo kumanya kana kondulakiti ya nzeve
ya nyumba sya ngilini (Green House Gas) ila aimi
othe maTIST me nthini ya kwikalya miti kwa ivinda
iasa. Wiw’ano uu niunengae muimi uthasyo wa
kuola miti ila ithengeani, kunzea ngava kwa ngu na
kutema miti kilio kya 5% kwa miti a kikundi kila
mwaka yila miti yavitukya myaka ikumi kana
mbeange.
Mwiao uyu ni wavata nundu kuendeea
kwithiwa nthini wa soko wa nzeve itavisaa.Aui ma
nzeve ino nimekwenda kuikiithw’a kana miti ila
mekuuia nzeve itavisaa yivo. Vala aimi matemanga
miti, muui wa nzave ino itavisaa nuleaa kumauia
nundu aasyaa nukwasya. Kii nikyo kitumi kwa
itambya ya muimi umwe kutemanga miti yikutuma
aimi angi matist matauiwa nzeve yoo nundu wa
kwithiwa ula wikite uu e ngwatanioni yoo kana
kikundini kyoo.
Ingi muimi ukutema miti yake yoothe no ethiwe
anakwataa ndivi, umanyisyo wa tist na ithangu ya
Mazingira
Bora. Muimi uyu nutumaa ngalama yake itwawa
kwa ala me ngwatanioni/kikundini kimwe nake
kwoou
uyithia niwamanenga ngalama iteyoo.
Ta ulilikany’o iulu wa matambya kuma GOCC kunia
Charles (0720 474 209) iulu wa:-
a) Leleelo kuma imini ma ngwatanio ingi undu
wa itambya yila yaile osewa ula watemanga
miti yake atekuatiia walany’o wa TIST
b) Undu muimi usu utemangite miti yake ukuiva
imi ala angi kwa wasyo ula meukwata kuma
kwa viasala wa nzeve itavisaa.
TIST: Kutema miti ngulutu yoothe ila nitalikite
nthini wa TIST ni ikosa inene nundu nuuvitya
kwialana wiw’ano na walany’o wa TIST na nyumba
sya ngilini sya nzeve. Ni iumiasya memoko maseo
ma makili ma aimi maTIST.
KIKAMBA VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Ithyi, aimi ma TIST kuma Igembe South twina utanu
kutunga livoti iulu wa kila tuvikiiite kumana na
kwithiwa
twi amemba ma TIST. Tuvikiite aya:-
1. Nitukwataa umanyisyo kila mwai kuma kwa
atongoi maitu ma Tist na tukakwata ithangu ya
Mazingira Bora. Kii nikituteesye kwongela
nima yitu ya mbemba, matunda na maliu angi.
Nitumanyite undu tutonya uvanga miunda yitu
kuvikia usyao mwingi, kusuvia muthanga,
kwongela unou muundani na ingi nima ya
kusuvia (CF) vamwe na kuseuvya vuu wa yiima.
2. Aimi ala matiniie usi nimamanyite iulu wa
uvanda miti ithengeanie nguumoni sya mbusi.
Undu uu nutumitwe twithiwa na kiw’u kitheu
ivinda yonthe kwa kutumia musyo na indo situ.
Ingi nikusuvia itheka situ kumana na kukuwa
kwa muthanga.
3. Walany’o wa TIST iulu wa utongoi wa
kithyululu na ukuatiia mivea yothe mundu muka
na munduume kwithiwa matonya utoingosya
undu ula ualyulite mesilya ma aingi kisioni iulu
wa utongoi. Iveti, aume na yiika mena ivuso
yianene kukwata mwanya wa utongosya,
kwonany’a utuika woo, na kwithiw’a matonya
kunengeleanilya umanyi ula menaw’o iulu wa
utongoi na inengo kivathukany’o. Ingi kii
nikietae ieleelo kivathukany’o ila itonya
utumika kwiyiendeesya na kwiana kwa
ngwatanio.
4. Uthuthio kuma mitini ya TIST nitetheesye
kuvindua mikalo ya aimi. Nthini wa ikundi na
ngwatanio imwe aimi nimethiitwe matonya
kwika kwia kwa mbesa sya mesani (Table
banking), sangulo, na kwoou kutetheesya
kwongela ueti woo na kwitethya ta aimi.
5. Kutumia kwa maiko ma kusuvia mwaki ma Tist
nikutumite mathayu ma miti mongeleka na
kwithiwa itonya kwiana na kwikala kwa ivinda
iasa nundu ngu iikutumika mbingi. Ingi maiko
aya nimatethetye nundu mayithiawana syuki
kwoou kwongela uima wa mii ya aimi vamwe
na syana syoo na kwithiwa itonya kumatumia
vatena w’ia nundu mena muikiio wa kwithiwa
mataivivya.
Walany’o wa TIST kisioni kya Igembe.
na William Mwito, Muthukumi wa ngwatio ya TIST
KIKAMBA VERSION 5
Muthanga nikyau?
Muthanga nikaseemu ka yiulu ka nthi. Kethiawa na
kiw’u, nzeve, unou, na uthwii wa nthi.
Muthanga useuvaw’a ata?
Mavia mathiana nimo maseuvasya muthanga ula
wendekaa ni miti kumea na kwikala. Ingi miti/mimea
nisyokaa ikongeleelwa muthangani kuseuvya unouc
wa muthanga. Oundu ivia yiendee na kuthiwa
now’o mitiyongelekete na unou wa muthanga
kwaila nukana kiw’u kingi kithiwe kitonya ukwatwa
ni muthanga na kuendeesya miti/mimea kumea na
kwiana.
Niki unou wa muthanga wa vata?
Unou wa muthanga (kaingi useuvitw’e kaingi kuma
kwoani kwa miti/matu) ila yumasya unou mwingi
naw’o uyoswa ni miti ingi nikana yiane. Ingi unou
uyu nutetheeasya tusamu tula twikalaa muthangani
ta yiumbi, mithowe, ngongoo, ing’aui, kukwata liu
nayo iitetheesya muthanga kukwata nzeve nakiw’u
kwikala muthangani.
Nikyau kiamuaa muthemba wa muthanga?
• Nzeve: uvyuvu na uthithu wa vandu na kiw’u
nisyo itetheeasya ivia kuthiwa yila yiseuvasya
muthanga.
• Organisms: tusamu ta bacteria na fungi vamwe
na mithowe, syingolondo na tusamu tula tungi
twikalaa muthangani nitetheeasya muno
kuvulany’a muthanga na ingi kutuma matialyo
ma mimea na matu moa na kuseuvya nzeve ya
nitrogen ila yikiawa muthangani ni bacteria
yitawa rhizobium.
• Utheeu wa vandu: (topograpohy) ethiwa vandu
ni vatheeu niw’o muthanga wavo ukuawa na
mituki na kutheew’a syandani.
• Muthemba we via: Undu ivia yila yithiikite
yiilye.
• Mwikalo wa mundu: undu twatumia muthanga
na kuusuvia nikuutumuma unou wa muthanga
ueleeka.
Ingi muthanga ula winaw’o uamuawa ni kithangathi,
mututu na yumba yila yiuseuvitye. Ve ivisa yi ithangu
yila yiatiie yiukwony’a uaaniku wa muthanga. Uvinyu
wa muthanga na undu uaanikite nuamuaa undu mii
ya muti ikulika muthangani na undu kiw’u kitonya
kwikala muthangani.
Niki asiti kana PH ya vata?
Muthanga kwithiwa wina asiti mbingi kana wi alkali
kii niamuaa undu miti ukumya unou muthangani na
ni tusamu twau kana bacteria itonya kwikala
muthangani usu. Kaingi monou maingi ma muthanga
nimethiawa matonya uvikia mimea/miti malika
kiw’uni yila memuthangani wina asiti mbingi kwi
ula wikatikati kana muthithu ute asiti.
Onakau muthanga wina aciti mbingi bacteria na
mithowe mingi nditonya kwikala muthangani usu
kwoou kwoa kwa matu/mavuti kutwika vuu uyithia
kwi nthi na kwoou kusisiia kwiana kwa miti. Kaingi
muthanga museo waile ithiwa na PH ya 5.5 kana
7.5 na wimwiu kwa langi.
Muthanga munou niwiva?
Muthanga munou nula wina nutrients syonthe
ilasyikwendeka kwa muti kumea na kwikala.
• Nutrients sya mbee: Nitrogen, Phosphorus na
Potassium
• Nutrients ya keli: Sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Ila syendekaa niini: Iron, manganese, boron,
chlorine, zinc, copper, molybdenum na nickel
PH ya muthanga Nzia sya kwongela unou wa
muthanga
• Ongele Nitrogen kwanzia ya vuu wa ngilini
na phosphorus kwa ivia ya phosphate).
• Kolany’a vuu na maumao ma indo ula withiwa
wi museo waindwa kwi wumite indoni na
nokwithiwa wina tusamu twingi twa
pathogens. vuu uyu useuvaa waindwa vandu
va ivinda ya mai ili.
• Ongela vuu kwa nzia ino yivaa nthi
• Tata utumie nzima ya kusuvia undu uvundiitw’e
nii TIST
• Kukuany’a mimea
• Kuvandanisya
• Kuvanda mitii na liu
• Kuvanda osyindu sya uvwika ta nthooko, na
mboso
• Kutia muunda kwa ivinda
• Kutumia mavuti kuvwika
• Kutumia maima ma nima ya kusuvia
• Kuvanda miti kusiia muthanga kikuwa kana
kwisa mitau, fanya juu Kuvandanisya uitumia
Nzuu, Dolichos Lablab, Macuna Pruriens,
Crotalaria, Canavalia.
Ongela muu ula withiawa na calciulm, potassium
carbonate Ongela lime ethiwa niwisi muthanga
waku wina asiti mbingi
Ti useo kwongela minerals mbiongi eka ila syinthini
TIST: Unou wa muthanga.
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
KIKAMBA VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
wa vuu wa yiima utathimite muthanga ukamanya ni
mineral yiva itevo na ikwendeka.
Ve ivinda yithiawa ukethia no wongelile vuu wa
ndukani yaani vatalisa. Tumia kwiana na uelesyo wa
ala maseuvisye kwianana na kisio kyaku na eka
maovisa ma nima ala me kisioni kyaku mautae iulu
wa w’o.
Kuseuvya vuu wa yiima Vuu wa yiima
niwakuseuvya vate kemikoo na nutetheeasya
mimea kwiana.Withiawa wi museo nundu utumiaa
syindu sya kwimesya itena kemikoo na ndwanangaa
mimea na mawithyululuko. vuu uyu nilaisi kuseuvya
na ndwingalama nene ta wakuua na nimuseo mbee
kwa kwongela unou wa mithanga.
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P O ) Potassium (K O) 2 5 2
Nikyau kitonya utumiwa kuseuvya vuu wa
yiima?
• Makusa/mavuti ma matialyo ma liu kuma
muundani kana matu, usese, kyaa kya ngombe,
maumao ma indo, matialyo ma liu wa andu,
matunda, muu, mboka, mathngangi matilange
na ingi mbingi.
• Ndukatumie nyama, maia, mauta, syuma kana
plastic. Nzia nzeo sya kuseuvya vuu wa yiima
• Inza yiima vandu vena muunyi
• Vwika na matu ma maiiu
• Ngithya na kiw’u yila kute kwiu
• Siia mbua ndikakue unou.
• Atiia matambya aya 1/3 ya ngilini ethiwa ni
matu, nyeki, matunda, yiia kana miti 1/3 Matu
momu kana ma langi wa muthanga (brown) ta
mavemba, makusa, mutu wa musumeno etc
1/3 syindu ngito ta ngava ndilange Ikiithya
watumia kiko kya miti/mimea itanamba usyaa
Nzeve niyendekaa kuseuvya vuu kwoou
ikiithya niwavilany’a nisa na nduvinyiie muno
vena nzeve.
Ikala uinginya, uvwikite na kueka vandu va myai
kauta nikana yooe na ilikana nesa Woona
yambiia uyunga muno veonany’a wikiite kiw’u
kingi kana matu ma ngilini nimmo maingi
kwoou ongela syindumbumu ta matu,
mavemba, makusa na uivulany’a. Tata withiwe
na syindu sya uvulany’a na kueuvya vuu tayali
mwai ta ili kana itatu mbee wa mbua kwambiia
nikana utumie ivindani ya mbanda. Vuu uyu
waile ithiwa ulyi muthanga(brown) na
ulekanitye wavya. No usunge vuu uyu kumywa
ikuli ila itaneevya na uitungia yiimani iendee
uvya.
Ikundi imwe sya tist syithiitwe iitumia nzia ino yivaa
nthi kuseuvya vuu wa yiima nundu kwasyo yithiitwe
yi nzeo useuvya vuu wa yiima kwa ikundi imwe sya
TIST:-
1) Kusakua kisio kya matambya 4 x 4m na kwisa
yiima
2) Enga kisio
3) Inza yiima uthathau wa 3-4m na 1.5uliku
4) Kolany’a matialyo ma mavemba, muvya, mavoso
na uitilanga tulungu tuniini
5) Ikia yiimani itumie uliku wa 0.5m
6) Ikia muu wa lita itano
7) Ongela kyaa kya indo ethiwa kivo kya uliku
wa 30cm
8) Ongela matu na makusa uliku ungi wa 0.5m
9) Ikia muu ungi wa lita itano
10) Ongela matu na makusa withie yiima
notayausua
11) Ususya yiima na muthanga
12) Uyususya yiima ikia muti muasa kati withie
utinite yiimani ungu.
13) Eka yiima yiu yiyiue vandu va myai itatu kana
mithenya miongo kenda
14) Ivindani yii yonthe osaa kiw’u kila kina kiko
uketa vo ngelekany’o kila wavua nakyo kana
kuthambya miio. Ethiwa wina maumao ma
indo no wite vo.
15) Tata navinya ungithye yima yii kila muthenya
kwa nzia ila utonya.
16) Itina wa mithenya miongo keenda vuu wiithiwa
wi tayali. Tumia muti uyu wikati ta kithimi kya
uvyuvu. Vuu wasuva ukeethiwa wimuvyu na
nowone muti uuyu waumya uitoa.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kipsigis Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Ngalek cheechen: Kigororchinge TIST asentab koristo (Carbon) en tetatb ngwony
komugul. Page 2
TIST tiletab ketik en imbarekab TIST ko moiboru kit negararan amun mogitegis
tolochigab TIST ak koyonchinet ne kigeyai oak ghg. Page 3
Tetetab TIST en Igembe. Page 4
TIST okwoindab ngungunyek. Page 5
Inside:
KIPSIGIS VERSION 2
MENGIK CHE TEMIK KOTINYE KAYANET KOLE
WOLE OLE MENYE AK KOTORET NGWONDET.
Tulsa, oklohoma, usa 30th June, 2014 –
korurugutik chemengen che minetab ketik (TIST)
ko kikoborchigei asanet en tetetab tai en segeetab
nguony mwoe toretikab chebkondok cheb
tolonchin itondab emet. Kinyak anyun initon en
chemungarainikab koristo en nguwony, kiitok amun
kinyot ketunoik chechang temikab TIST en
korurugutietab minetab ketik kotestai konyor
sobet.
Mwoe anyun tononikab itondab emet
ngalechu ak kerik chegiginam en 1999 asikomwaita
tononet kombunisiek ak biik chetinye boisionik en
itontab mungaret TIST ko netai en tesetabtai
netogunot eng toretikab chebokondok.
Tist ko temik, minikab ketik, tigikab emet ak
mungaretab koristo netesetai eng Kenya, India,
Tanzania ak Uganda. Tesetai tist eng korurugutik
chetononchin temik che kole ketik imbarenikwak
kotoreten sobenywan ak konyor omitogik.
Iborugei boisionik eng biik ak eng emet kou
wegetab osnet, wegetab timwek ak waletab
burgeyet en emet.
“Eng kenyit nebo tuguchu tugul en bandab
tai kobo temikab TIST wolutik chu,” mwoe ben
henneke, ne konomintetab TIST., “temik chuton
koyumi keswekab ketik koyai kabotisiet, komin
ketik, ago rib kosobcho en kemeusiek, maranet ak
korib en tuga, nego ak tiongikab timin. Tinye
temikab TIST kogiletabge en mugulelwekwak.
Boiboechin ichek kelunoik chebo ketik chesobtos
en ole menye. Togu boisiet neui missing ne kigoyai
temikab tist chesire 70000 chegigomin ketik, che
iyomtos kobwotutik, cheribe wolutik ak kotoret
temik alak.”
“En emet neo missing burgeiyet ko agenge
chegonu wegtab koristo neo missing (CO2
) ago
niton knyorunen temik chemengech kewelnatet
amun eetu missing burgeyetab emet (kemeut).”
Mwoe henneke. En taman ak angwan (14) che kisito
ek murenik ak kwonyikab tist ko kigoyom koib
kokwout en teretab tiletab ketik ak korib chetinye
en imbarenikwak ak chebo boror, en ribetab
ketikwak ko kigotoo ole nyorunen melekwek en
oliyetab koristo, korisiton kiyoitechi kobunisiek,
toretik ak biik chemoche kogochi kimnotet
temikab TIST.
Oligab koristo koyob inda, kenya ak uganda
komiten segeik chebo (VCS) ak chebo (CCB)
koboto “Gold Level” icheget ko oltoik che olto
kayumanikab koristo ago tesetai kogoito melekwek
en kenyisiek 25-30 mwoe henneke, ak kotoreti
chebkondok chebo tesetabtai en TIST.
Page 2 of 2
Tinye koborunet temik yeboisien koletab minutik
minetab ketik cheter boisitab maisiek ak ribetab
tilindo, nyorunen melekwek che chutu kogochin
kotestai tetet kotes henneke kole kigetebi ak usaid
kenya en kenyisiek mut asi konyor kenya kotesak
Ngalek cheechen: Kigororchinge TIST asentab
koristo (Carbon) en tetatb ngwony komugul.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 3
Kingalalen biik chegimiten tuiyetab gocc en komolo
june 2014 ye kigiba igorto negibo koyometabgei
tist ak usaid en kenyisiek mut.
En arawani ketinye kabwata noton asi kemwochin
temik kelenchin magararan noton en TIST, en
betunoton kelewen charles ibeere (0720474209)
korib ak korigi kondoikab kilasta gocc ak temik asi
komwata agobo niton.
Bogonut neo kibwate agobo koyochinenyo ak ghg
nebo minetab ketik chebo kasarta negoi tinye temik
chomchinet ko choror ak kotil temenik, agotil 5%
en kurubit ago ketik chetinye kenyisiek 10 magat
niton amun moiyoni chemungarainik ketil ketit ne
sobe amun bose koristo, agot komogirib niton
kogochin temik chechang asent amun monyoru
melekwak.
Ogibwat kele chito negayai kounoton kogochin
korubit asi kowegta rabisiechon amun kiginet, kigiiti
ketik, ak nyoru en kila arawa gosetit, chi negenyoru
iyote youtionon kwo (0720 474 209)
a) Ogemwochigei en tuiyosi kab kilasta agobo
niton.
b) Chito negayai kounoton koyoche kurubit asi
mo kitononsi kurubin en mungaretab koristo
TIST, mising ko kwonyik ak nerank asi kotoo ak
konyor kelunoik icheget, korib timwek ak beek,
ak korib osnosiek, usaud en kenya kokinyor toretet
kou emotinuwek alk mising kingonam temik
kobchei agobo minetab ketik, kinyo temikab
kelunoik ak kobit boroinuek chebo boisionik, ole
moche imbaret nebo million agenge hectares ole
kigonoren, kelibonchi chebo minetab ketik asi
komuch kobos koristo neya en soet.
Charlie william, vice president of clean air
action corporation (CAAC) komwa kole “ en
kenyisiek 14 che kigosirto ko kigitinye kobwatutik
somok netai, temik che miten tist kogitoo sobet
ne kararan en kogilenyuan bogei, nebo oeng caac
kotinye ribet ak keret en oretab imanit ak keret
ne togunot en wolutik, ak nebo somok, konyoruren
icheget melegwek, en kenyitab may of 2011 ko
kogoibelis en nguwony koik netai tetetaib tist,
kingo koyamak anan ko tuyosi vcs ak ccb keret
nenoto ko kerge ak 14 times, kotes william, kiboiboi
en chemungarainik cheingen agobo kororindo ak
mogutikab biik cheole korurugutikab taninisiek
chegonu tist, en chemungarainik chuton oeng ko
wegin kongoi chelomu chepkondokab ribetab
itondap emet, amun kogonyor tist torete kotinye
boroindo ko tigak keret kituosi agobo chepkondok
asi komuch TIST kotes temik asi kowal emet.
TIST tiletab ketik en imbarekab TIST ko moiboru
kit negararan amun mogitegis tolochigab TIST ak
koyonchinet ne kigeyai oak ghg.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Echek temikab tist en igembe keboiboenchin tuguk
chegingenyoru en tetetab tist, koboto mogiutien
kele:
1. Kinyoru konetisiet koyob kiboitinikab Kilasta
kinyoru kora kosetisiek en kila arawa, nito
kogonech ketes minutik kou bandek, logoek
ak alak kigenyorunen ole kimuch keriten
imbareni kiyok, keter ngungunyek ak kechob
keturek.
2. Temik che negiten onit kogiginet korib,
koitiyech niton kenyorun beek che kororon
en tuga ak biik.
3. Tolochikab tist ak katoinatet ko kigotorechech
amun tinye age tugul boroindo.
4. Kigotore melekwegab ketik temik chechang
en boisionik chechang kou table banking ak
alak.
5. Kiboisien maisiek cheboisien kwenik che
ngerin kobos anyun koluletab ketik, ak nyorulel
tililinto en korikiyok
Athi kilasta ko agenge en kilasta ne kiumge icheget
agoboisien table banking
Tetetab TIST en Igembe.
By william mwito,TIST cluster servant.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Ngungunye ko nee?
Ngu ngunyek ko kebeberta nebo emet netinye
koristo, beek nunanikab ketik ana ko tiongik ak
kotinye munyuk.
Chebtogei ono ngungunyek?
Bitu murmuranikab koik kotinye munyuk chetoreti
sobetab minutik, kotesin minutik en ngungunyek,
so ye yoose kouni kotesin beek kotuiyo ak kogochi
minutik kobwa.
Amunee asi kobo komonut ngetunonik?
Bo komonut amun yekagonunchi nguwondet
kotinye omitwogik che igochin minutik korut toreti
kora kutik chemiten ngungunyek ak kotoretich
koyomo anan kutuiyo koik agenge.
Nee ne ibesto ngungunye yekinyor?
• Burgeyet, burge burgeiyet ak beek kogochin
koik kobusbusak
• Kutik chang kutik che menye ngowoindet anak
koburucheni ngungunyek anak kogochi nunet
asi kobit emitwogikab minutik
• Ole emet niton anyun kotiyengei ole kiiburto
emet, en tunonok konyumnyum ibetab koik
kosir ole soet
• Uketab nhungunyek niton kotiyengei ole kigi
tounto koik ngungunyek
• Otebetab kimulmet otebetab biik ak ole
koribto ngungunyek asi moibet okwoindo.
Koyometab ngungunye kotingei chongitab ngainet,
menet, ak ole gigitounto, miten anyun koborunet
nebo ngungunyek en pichaini koyomoniton bo
ngungunyek konyumyum en tigikab ketit kosib, ak
koboru beek chemiten,
Amunee asi kobo komonut PH?
Miten anyun ngungunye che tinye munyuk chechang
kot kosir anak niton koweche (PH) ak omitwogikab
minutik, kimuchi ketoretito ono kutik che menye
ngungunye en munyu chuton ko chechang ko
eiyomogei ak beek ko chotos akosigi minutik
omitwogik, ole miten munyuk chechang komosigin
kutik kochanga niton ko gochin nunet kwo
nguwony, ngungunye chegororon kotinye PH
kongeten 5.5 ak 7.5 ago tueen en keret.
Nee okwoindab ngungunyet?
Ngungunyat ne kararan kotinye omitwogik che
igochin sobet minutik
• Omitwogik che tai; nituogen, phosphorus,
potassium
• Chebo oeng; sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Ak chechang; iron, manganese, boron, chtorine
zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel
Koguwoutik che kitisin ngungunyek
• Ketesi omitwogik keboisien kegot rurutik che
teche nitrogen
• Keboisien keture chebo tuga ak sogororek
kiruruche asi komumiyo mogiboisien ko
morurio
• Tesin ngetunanikab minutik
• Kegol imbaret ma kibat
• Kemin minutik che besiotin
TIST okwoindab ngungunyek.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
• Kemin ketik che moweche minutik ak che
ichugei en kwong kou, robuwonik, chebololet
ak sotonik
• Kemin ketik asi koter ngungunyek
• Miten ketik che tinye ngendek –pigeon
• Kitesin orek tinye (calcium, potassium
carbonate)
• Momeche ketesi komenai anan kotomo ichigil
ngungunyek, karara mising itenyoru chitab
minutik as kuwororun abo noton
Keturek
Keturek ko omitwogikab minutik che kitounen
kinun en kasrta nenin che mogitesi chemical,
motinye weget en minutik, amoweche ngungunyek.
Kitounen nee keturek
• Ngetunonikab minutik, sogek, ak kitage tugul
ne yamat ana ko nyali
• Matiboisien kou bendo, mwanik, chumoinik
anan ko plastic
Ole kimumto
• Lewen ole miten uluwet
• Tugen soge kab itisio/chebebe
• Tumchin beek en kasartab kemeut
• Tekten en robta
Kosibet
• Agenge en somok (minutik che nyolilelen,
susuwek, ingewek, logoek, sorowekatugal
nego ngechinek)
• Agenge en somok sogek che tolilionen
• Agenge en somok ko sogekab ketik
• Ker ile neboisien tuguk cheyachen amun
weche keturek
• Tugul anyun ki nto keringet orit amat igony
amun kimogin koristo en orit
• Igoteb en kasarta nebo orowek asi iburuch
tugul koik agenge
• Ye igas nguunet beo itesi sogek chenyolilen
ak iburuchen
• Ye kainte tuguchuton tugul kou beek igotebi
orowet 2-3 asi iib koba imbar
Miten kosibet ne kigochob temikab tist kou yeisibu
1. Lewen ole itounen keturet 4mx4m
2. Igot tililit yoton
3. Tem keringet 3-4m ak 1.5m orit
4. Iyumchin kayumanik tgugul yoton
5. Rongik kot koit 0.5m
6. Tesin orek che keburuch ak orek
7. Neisibu ites kot goit 30cm ngototokab tuga
anan kobo ngororek
8. Tesin sogek kot korigta konyi
9. Nebo let anyun ite ngungunye kot konyi
10. Rutin keti ne tenten kuwenetab keringet kot
kotiny kel
11. Igo munyo en kasarta betusiek 90
12. Tesin beekab orek 5 litres
13. Tesin sogek ak mobek (0.5m)
14. En kasariton iyumchi beek chon iboisien
imweten ingoroik anan ko keun kot
15. Tumchin beek en betut angetugul yon kobit
beek
16. Ye ibata betusiek 90 ko gorurio keturek
boisien ketit asi koborun mat nemi orit, imuch
iger kabusetab karisto nebunu keringatPublished by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
English Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Great News: TIST has been voted The Best (Carbon) Offsetting Program in the
World. Page 2
TIST: Clear cutting of TIST tree groves is a serious violation of TIST Values and
Green House Gas contract. It hurts positive actions of thousands of TIST Farmers.
Page 3
TIST Program in Igembe Region. Page 4
TIST: Soil Fertility. Page 5
Inside:
ENGLISH VERSION 2
SUBSISTENCE FARMERS PROVE THEY CAN BETTER
THEIR LOCAL ENVIRONMENT AND HELP THE
PLANET
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A., 30 June, 2014 – The
International Small Group and Tree Planting
Program (TIST) has been voted Best Offsetting
Project in a global survey conducted by
Environmental Finance. This recognition, voted by
carbon market industry professionals throughout
the world, identified the many benefits that TIST
farmers receive from working together to plant
trees, and to develop and share local “best
practices” that improve their lives.
Environmental Finance is online news and
analysis service established in 1999 to report on
sustainable investment, green finance and the
people and companies active in environmental
markets.TIST is the first offsetting project to be
recognized by Environmental Finance.
TIST is an agriculture, tree planting,
development and carbon credit program that
operates in Kenya, India, Uganda and Tanzania.TIST
was developed with and for smallholder and
subsistence farmers who plant trees on degraded
land to improve their livelihoods and food security.
Their actions also address local, regional and global
environmental issues such as deforestation,
biodiversity loss, adaptation and climate change.
“The real credit for the outstanding results of
this program belongs to the farmers of TIST,” said
Ben Henneke, co-founder of TIST. “These farmers
collect local seeds, make nurseries, plant seedlings,
and keep them alive through droughts, floods, and
raids by cattle, goats and elephants.TIST farmers
are an incredibly inspiring group of people. They
are proud of the benefits their trees are having on
their lives and on the global environment. This
awardrecognizes the hard work done by more than
70,000 farmers planting trees, sharing information,
monitoring results and helping other farmers.”
“Tropical deforestation is one of the largest manmade sources of CO2, and smallholder farmers are
Great News: TIST has been voted The Best
(Carbon) Offsetting Program in the World.
among those most severely harmed by climate
change,” continued Henneke. “For the past 14 years,
more and more TIST women and men have taken
action to reverse deforestation and to improve
their own land and the land in their communities.
By carefully measuring the growth of their trees
they have created a new ‘Virtual Cash Crop’ –
carbon offsets. These carbon credits are sold to
companies, organizations and people who want to
encourage the TIST farmers’ efforts.”
TIST’s carbon offsets from India, Kenya and
Uganda are validated and verified to Verified Carbon
Standard (VCS) and Climate, Community &
Biodiversity (CCB) standards including the “Gold”
level. “Sales of these premium quality TIST tonnes
now fully support these existinglocations and
should continue profitably for another 25-30
years,”noted Henneke. “With additional expansion
capital, we willcontinue to replicate this selfsustaining process.”
Page 2 of 2
TIST farmers have demonstrated that using the
new agricultural approaches, planting a variety of
tree species, using higher efficiency stoves for
cooking, and adopting better health practices have
a large impact on their family’s income and health.
Recent studies required for the multiple
verifications have shown that the benefits the
farmers create far exceed the costs of developing
the program.
Henneke added, “We have partnered with
USAID Kenya over the last five years to expand
TIST in Kenya so that more farmers, especially
women and youth, could create more benefits for
themselves, improve biodiversity and water quality,
and protect forests. USAID’s help in Kenya also
benefited participants in each of the other countries
when new best practices developed in Kenya were
shared from farmer to farmer. TIST is showing that
improving the local and the global environment
creates more income and more opportunities.With
more than one billion hectares of degraded land in
ENGLISH VERSION 3
Last month, we discussed about clear tree cutting
during the GOCC seminar held at Gitoro in June
2014, immediately after TIST-USAID Five years of
successful partnership celebration.
This month, we are carrying a reminder of last
month’s article with a call for information and
suggestion from TIST farmers on the best ideas on
how to completely avoid clear cutting. TIST’s
Leadership council appointed Charles Ibeere (0720
474209) to work closely with Cluster leaders,
GOCC Representatives and TIST farmers in
addressing this issue.
It is important to note the Green House Gas
contract, which all TIST farmers are party to,
stipulates an agreement by the farmers to keep trees
for long-term. It only allows farmers to thin their
trees (if closely spaced), prune branches for
firewood, and cut up to 5% of the group trees each
year when the trees are 10 years or older.
The above rule is necessary for continued
participation in carbon program. Carbon buyers
want to be assured that the trees from which they
buy carbon credits are kept alive. Where the
farmers cut their trees, carbon buyers always
decline to buy credits from such entities because
they are considered high risk.This is why an action
of few farmers who violate this rule could make
carbon buyers shun from buying other TIST farmers
carbon credits.
There have been other concerns too. A farmer
who cuts down all his trees has been receiving TIST
Trainings, Quantification and Mazingira Bora
newsletters.All the expenses incurred by him are
passed on to other farmers.
As a reminder about actions GOCC said they
would implement, please contact Charles (0720
474209) about:
a) Ideas from other farmers in Clusters meeting
about the actions that should be taken on
those who clear-cut.
b) How such a farmer who clear-cut would
compensate other farmers so as to cushion
them from losses in the carbon business.
TIST: Clear cutting of TIST tree groves is a
serious violation of TIST Values and Green House
Gas contract. It hurts positive actions of
thousands of TIST Farmers.
need of restoration,TIST demonstratesthat creating
‘Payments for Environmental Services’for farmers
in the tropics can rapidly reduce greenhouse gasses
and provide time for the technological development
of other ‘low carbon’ approaches to mature and
be proven out.”
Charlie Williams, vice president of Clean Air
Action Corporation (CAAC), commented, “For the
past 14 years we have had three primary concerns:
First, that the farmers who joined TIST create a
better life for themselves through their efforts.
Second, that CAAC would create the monitoring
systems and processes to accurately and
transparently measure their results.And third, that
their measured results would create a new source
of income for them.” In May of 2011, the TIST
program was“First in the World” to complete the
VCS and CCB certifications and have now
completed that process a total of 14 times.Williams
added, “We are pleased to have customers who
recognize both the technical excellence and the
human benefits that purchasing TIST tonnes
provides. Two of those important customers,The
Carbon Neutral Company, and Microsoft have also
won awards from Environmental Finance. The
Carbon Neutral Company was voted ‘The Best
Offset Retailer’ and Microsoft was voted ‘Best
Corporate Offset Programme.’ TIST continues to
replicate and expand because there are millions of
farmers who want to join. We look forward to
accomplishing the financing to meet the needs of
those farmers, and to increase the beneficial impact
of TIST on global climate change”
ENGLISH VERSION 4
We, TIST Farmers from Igembe South are happy to
report our achievements from participating in the
TIST program.They include but are not limited to:
1. We receive trainings monthly by cluster
servants as well as monthly newsletter known
as Mazingira Bora. This has enabled us to
increase our farm productivity in maize, fruits
and other crops. We have learned to organize
our shambas better, control soil erosion,
increase soil fertility, practice conservation
farming and do compost manure.
2. Farmers bordering rivers are trained about
conservation of riparian areas.This has ensured
consistent and reliable supply of clean water
for our animals and for domestic use.
Additionally, we have protected our lands from
constant degradation as soil erosion is
controlled.
3. TIST Values and Rotational Leadership minding
about gender sensitive has greatly transformed
our society. Women, Men and Youth have equal
opportunities to take leadership positions,
demonstrate and pass on their leadership gifts
and talents, build confidence amongst
themselves and provide new ideas for our
development and growth.
4. Tree incentives from TIST have helped change
many farmers’ lives. In some of the Clusters,
farmers have organized themselves to do table
banking, merry go rounds and therefore
multiplying the amount of help that goes to the
farmer.
5. The use of TIST energy saving stoves help
increase tree lives as fewer trees are cut for
firewood. The stoves have significantly
improved health and safety as smoke is minimal
and always directed out of kitchen area, and
children’s safety in the cooking area is greatly
enhanced.
TIST Program in Igembe Region.
By William Mwito, TIST Cluster Servant.
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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ENGLISH VERSION 5
What is soil?
Soil is the uppermost layer of the earth. It contains
air, water, organic matter and mineral matter.
How is Soil formed?
The weathering (breakdown) of rocks provides the
minerals needed to support plant life. Plants are
then added to the soil as organic matter. As more
rock is broken down and more organic matter is
added, so more water can be held in the soil, further
promoting plant growth
Why is organic matter important?
Organic matter (mainly formed through the
decomposition of plant material) releases a lot of
nutrients, which are available for uptake to new
plants. It also supports the life of beneficial
microorganisms in the soil, helps with water
infiltration and helps to bind the soil together.
What determines the type of soil found?
• The climate: both the temperature and water
availability affect the rate of weathering of rock.
• Organisms: bacteria, fungi and worms amongst
many others live in the soil. Some play a key
role in mixing the soil, such as earthworms.
Soil organisms help decompose organic matter,
and some help plants to fix nitrogen (e.g.
Rhizobium bacteria).
• Topography: the shape of the land. For example,
soil on slopes is generally thinner and more
easily eroded than the soil found collected in
valleys.
• Parent material: the type of rock the soil is
formed from.
• Human behavior: the way we use and care for
our soil (or not) will greatly affect its fertility.
The texture of the soil you have depends on how
much sand, silt and clay it is made from.The diagram
on the following page shows you the main
categories of soil texture. The texture of the soil
and structure influence how easily roots can
penetrate the soil, and how much water can be
retained.
Why is soil pH important?
How acidic or alkali a soil is (its pH) affects how
available soil nutrients are for plant uptake and what
type of soil organism life can be supported.
Generally most soil nutrients are more soluble (and
therefore available for plant absorption) when in
an acidic soil compared to a neutral or alkaline soil.
However, if the soil is too acidic many bacteria
cannot grow, and this will affect the rate of
decomposition of organic matter. Most good
topsoils have a pH between 5.5 and 7.5 and are
relatively dark in color.
What is a fertile soil?
A fertile soil is one that has an available supply of
all the nutrients needed to support plant life.
• Primary nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus,
potassium
• Secondary nutrients: sulphur, magnesium,
calcium
• Micronutrients: iron, manganese, boron,
chlorine, zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel
Strategies to improve soil fertility
• Consider adding nitrogen (in the form of green
manure from nitrogen-fixing plants) and
phosphorus (in the form of rock phosphate).
• Collect and use livestock manure and urine.
This is better in composted form. Fresh
sources may contain too much ammonia
content (which may harm plants) and may
contain higher amounts of pathogens (diseasecausing organisms). Composted manure
contains fewer pathogens. If you do use fresh
manure, use moderately and leave a minimum
of two months in between applications.
• Add organic matter through composting
(details below).
• Practice conservation agriculture best practices
as described in previous units:
o Crop rotation
o Intercropping
o Agroforestry
o Planting leguminous cover crops
o Leaving land fallow
o Use of mulch
o Using conservation farming holes
o Reduce water erosion through tree
planting, terraces, fanya juu
• Consider intercropping with Pigeon pea
(Cajanus cajan), Dolichos lablab, Mucuna
pruriens, Crotalaria, Canavalia.
• Consider adding ash, which is rich in calcium
and potassium carbonate.
• Add lime if you know your soil is too acidic
• It is best not to add additional minerals (apart
from those found in compost) without testing
the soil first to see what nutrients and minerals
are actually needed.
• There may be some circumstances when you
need to apply inorganic chemical fertilizers.
Use accordingly to the manufacturer
instructions and research which ones are most
ecologically sound for your area through
getting advice from your extension officers
TIST: Soil Fertility.
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
ENGLISH VERSION 6
Composting
Compost manure is a natural fertilizer to help your
crops grow. It is better than chemical fertilizer
because it is natural and has no damaging effects
for the crops and environment. Composting is one
of the easiest, cheapest and most effective ways of
improving soil fertility.
What can be used for compost?
• Crop residues, weeds, dead leaves, any
trimmed vegetation, manure and urine from
livestock, bedding from livestock, kitchen food
waste from fruit and vegetables, ash, shredded
paper and cardboard.
• Don’t use meat, dairy products, fats, oils, metal
or plastic.
General best practices for composting:
• Choose a shaded area for your compost
• Cover with banana leaves or a plastic sheet
• Sprinkle with water during the dry season
• Protect from rain (which will wash nutrients
away)
• As a general guide aim for:
o One third ‘green vegetation’ (grass
clippings, fruit, vegetables, egg shells, nut
shells, manure, weeds, plants)
o One third ‘brown vegetation’ (dry leaves,
straw, sawdust, cardboard and fine crop
residues)
o One third bulky material such as chopped
branches and larger crop residues.
o Ensure you use plant material that has not
yet seeded, and do not use diseased
material
o Layer the materials in a pile or in a hole.
Air is needed for compost, so mix the
materials together and do not compact
the material down
• Water the pile of material, cover and leave so
that material decomposes over the next couple
of months. You can occasionally mix the
material.
• If the material becomes slimy or smelly over
time it may be too wet or have too much green
vegetation.Add more brown vegetation if this
is the case, and mix.
• Try to have your batch of material ready for
mixing, watering, covering and leaving 2-3
months before the rainy season so it will be
useful for the planting season.
• The compost should be brown and crumbly
when ready. You can sieve the material to get
a finer mixture, and add the larger pieces back
into the compost pile for the next batch.
Some of the TIST groups use a more specific
method, which they have found effective. They have
described the process below:
Preparation of compost manure by some
TIST groups:
1) Choose an area 4m x 4m for your compost pit
2) Clean the area
3) Dig a hole of diameter 3 - 4m and 1.5m deep
4) Collect all the remains of the crops you have
and cut them into small pieces. (e.g. the leaves
and stalks of maize, millet, beans)
5) Put these crops remains into the hole up to a
depth of 0.5m.
6) Then add 5 liters of ash
7) Next add about 30cm (or as much as available)
of animal dung (e.g. dung from pig, cow, goat
or chicken).
8) Next put another layer of crop leaves and
stalks (0.5m)
9) Add another 5 liters of ash
10) Add the leaves and stalks again until the hole
is almost filled
11) Finally, add a layer of soil until the hole is filled
12) While filling the hole with soil, put a long stick
in the middle of the hole so it reaches the
bottom.
13) Leave the compost pit for 90 days (3 months).
14) During this period use your dirty water to
water the compost pit. For example, after
cleaning your house or clothes, empty the used
water over the compost pit. If you have animals
you can also pour animal urine over the pit.
15) Try to water the compost pit in this way every
day, or whenever water is available.
16) After the 90 days the manure will be ready.
Use the stick as a thermometer – when the
compost is ready it should be hot and you may
even see steam coming from the stick after
you have removed it.
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kimeru Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Ntumiri inthongi mono:TIST nithuritwe iri muradi juria mwega buru jwa gukucia ruugo
ruruthuku ndene ya nthiguru yonthe. Page 2
TIST: Ugiti bwa miti yonthe ndene ya miunda ya TIST ni kuuna na njira inene jaria TIST
ikirite na kinya kandarasi ya GhG. Nikugitaragia mantu jameega jaria jakuthithua ni
arimi ba TIST ngiri nyingi. Page 3
TIST ndene ya Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Unoru bwa muthetu. Page 5
Inside:
KIMERU VERSION 2
ARIMI BA MIUNDA IMININI NIBONENIE ATI NO
BATHONGOMIE NARIA KUBATHIURUKITE NA
KINYA GUTETHIA NTHIGURU YONTHE
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A., Tariki mirongo
ithatu mweri jwa itantatu, 2014 – The International
Small Group and Tree Planting Program (TIST)
nithuritwe iri muradi juria mwega bru kiri kurita
ruugo ruruthuku ndene ya utari bwa nthiguru
yonthe buria bwathithirue ni kiama gigwitwa Environmental Finance. Kumenyeka guku, kuria
kwaringirwe kura ni bonthe ndene ya thoko ya
ruugo ya nthiguru yonthe, nikwonere baita inyingi
iria arimi ba TIST boonaga kuumania kuritaniria
ngugi kuanda miti, na kwambia na kugaana mitire
iria miega buru ya kuhtithia mantu gatai gati kao
iria itumaga miturire yao ikathongoma nkuruki.
Environmental Finance iji ni nteto iria
ciretagwa na gutegerwa gukurukira internet iria
yambirue 1999 iri ya kuejana ripoti kwegie utumiri
mbeca mantune jaria jakumbika ndene ya igita riraja,
mbeca kuumania na uandi na antu na kambuni iria
cikwonekana kiri thoko ciegie naria gututhiurukite.
TIST ni muradi jwa mbele kiri iria iritaga ruugo
ruruthuku iria ionekene ni Environmental finance.
TIST ni muradi jwegie urimi, uandi miti, witi na
mbele na kwendia ruugo juria jwitaga ngugi ndene
ya Kenya, India, Uganda na Tanzania.TIST niyambirie
ni arimi babanini ba irio baria baandga miti ndene
ya miunda iria ithukitue nikenda bathongomia
miturire yao na kumenyeera ati irio birio rionthe.
Ngugi cia arimi baba nicitegagiira thiina iria
cikwoneka naria kubathiurukite akui, ntuurene na
kinya ndene ya nthiguru yonthe ta ugiti miitu, kuthira
gwa gukaranira kwa mithemba mwanya na imingi
ya imera na nyomoo na kugaruka kwa rera.
“Baria eene kuumbana na aria muradi juju jukinyite
ni arimi ba TIST”, Ben Henneke umwe wa aambia
ba TIST niu augite. “arimi baba nibojanagia mbeu,
bakathithia minanda, bakaanda miti, na bakamika iri
moyo riria kurina uumo, kuigara kwa ruuji,
kuumania na nyomoo ta ng’ombe, mburi na njogu.
Arimi ba TIST ni gikundi kimwe kia antu kiria
gigwikira antu bangi wendo bwa kuthtia mantu.
Nibagwikumiria baita iria miti iji irinacio ndene ya
miturire yao na ndene ya nthiguru yonthe. Kiewa
giki nigikuuga ati ngugi ya arimi baba nkuruki ya
ngiri mirongo mugwanja ya uandi miti, kugaana
umenyo, kuthima baita na gutethia arimi bangi
nioni.”
“Ugiti miitu ndene ya nthiguru iria ciithagira
cirina ngai inyingi ni kiumo gia ruugo ruruthuku rwa
kaboni kimwe kia biria binene buru, na arimi
babanini ni bamwe ba baria bagitaragua nkuruki ni
kugaruka kwa rera,” Henneke netire na mbele
kuuga.“Ndene ya miaka iria ikurukite ikumi na inna,
ekuru na aume bangi na bangi ba TIST nibajukitie
itagaria kugarura jaria jaumanagia na ugiti miitu na
kuthongomia miunda yao bongwa na ingi ya ntuura
ciao. Na njira ya kuthima bwega ukuri bwa miti
nibambiritie kimera gikieru gia kurita mbeca
gukurukira kwendia ruugo. Krediti iji cia kaboni
niciendagirua kambuni na antu baria bakwanda
gwikiri ngugi cia arimi ba TIST inya.
Ruugo ruria rugwatitue ni miti ya TIST kuuma
India, Kenya na Uganda niruthimi na rwakurukithua
ni VCS na CCB amwe na “Gold level”. “ Wendia
bwa ruugo ruru kuumania na TIST nandi
nibugwataga mbaru miunda ya TIST iria irio na
niibati gwita na mbele kwona baita ndene ya miaka
mirongo iri na itano gwita mirongo ithatu iria iijite,”
Henneke oongera.“Kurina mbeca ingi cia gutamba,
tugeeta na mbele gucokera ngugi iji
igucirungamira.”
Page 2 of 2
Arimi ba TIST nibonenie ati bagitumagira mitire
imieru ya urimi, bakaanda miti mithemba mwanya
ya miti, gutumira mariko ja gutumira nkuu inkai, na
kwambiria mitire imiega ya kumenyeera thiria ya
mwili ni mantu jarina mwago jumunene kiri mbeca
iria bakwona na kiri thiria ya mwili. Uthomi bwa
akui buria bukwendekana kiri gukurukithua kairi
na kairi nibwonenia ati baita iria arimi boonaga
niigukuruka mbeca iria itumiritwe kwambiria na
gwitithia muradi juju.
Henneke noongerere, “ “Nitwitaniritie ngugi
na USAID Kenya ndene ya miaka itano iria ikurukite
kuaramia TIST ndene ya Kenya nikenda arimi bangi
babaingi, mono ekuru na antu babethi, bacithithiria
baita, bathongomia gukaraniria kwa imera na
nyomoo cia muthemba mwanya na bathongomia
utheru bwa ruuji na bakaria miitu. Utethio bwa
USAID ndene ya Kenya nibuete arimi baita ndene
ya nthiguru ingi cionthe riria miitire imieru iria
ithithagua Kenya ciaganirwe kuuma murimi gwita
Ntumiri inthongi mono:TIST nithuritwe iri
muradi juria mwega buru jwa gukucia ruugo
ruruthuku ndene ya nthiguru yonthe.
KIMERU VERSION 3
kiri ungi. TIST nikwonania ati kuthongomia naria
gutukuiritie na kinya naria kuri kuraja natwi
nikuthithagia mbeca na twanya tungi tutwingi.
Kurina munda hectare nkuruki ya bilioni imwe
juthukitue jukwenda gucokanirua,TIST nionenie ati
kuambiria “kuriwa niuntu bwa ngugi iriaa iti
kuthongomia naria kuthiurukite’ kwa arimi ndene
ya nthiguru iji ciri mbura inyingi nikunyiagia ruugo
ruria rurutagiria nthiugur na gugatua kanya ka witi
na mbele bwa kuthiria kuthithia na gukurukia njira
ingi iria itiita ruugo rwa kaboni rurwingi.
Charlie Williams, Munini wa munenene wa
Clean Air Action Corporation (CAAC), nawe
naugire, “Ndene ya miaka ikumi na inna iu ikurukite
nitwithiritwe turina wasi wasi kwegie mantu jathatu:
Mbele, ati arimi baria batonyete kiri TIST
bathongomie miturire yao gukurukira ngugi ciao.
Bwa jairi. Ati CAAC ikathithia bia gutegeera na
kuthima mantu ja TIST bwega na gutina witho. Bwa
jathatu ati mantu ja TIST jaathimwa arimi bakona
Mweri muthiru, nitwaariririe ugiti miti yonthe
ndene ya semina ya GOCC iria yathithirue Gitoro
mweri jwa itantatu 2014, orio tukurikia kiatho gia
kugwirirua uritaniri ngugi bwa TIST na USAID miaka
itano buria buumbene.
Mweri juju, nitukuburikania uria twaugire
mweri muthiru riria tworirie arimi ba TIST batue
nteto na mathuganio kwegie njira iria njega buru
ya kuthiria ugiti miti yonthe ndene ya miunda ya
TIST. Atongeria ba TIST ndene ya LC nibathurire
Charles Ibeere (0720 474209) kuritaniria ngugi ya
akui na atongeria ba cluster, arungamiri ndene ya
GOCC na arimi ba TIST kiri gutegeera untu bubu.
Kurina bata kurikana kandarasi ya GhG, iria
arimi bonthe basainiti, iria yugite arimi nibagwitikiria
gwika miti igita riraja. Itikagiria arimi aki gutaura
miti (kethira nikuianiritie mono), kugita biang’i bia
gutumira ja nku, na kugita mwanka gicunci kia miti
itano kiri o miti igana ya gikundi o mwaka miti
yakinyia miaka ikumi kana yakura nkuruki.
Rwatho ruru rurina bata mono kethira
tukendelea kwithirwa turi ndene ya thoko ya ruugo.
Aguri ba kaboni nibendaga guhakikishirwa ati miti
iria bakugurira ruugo igekwa iri moyo. Naria arimi
bagiitaga miti, aguri ba ruugo nibaregaga kugura
kuumania nabo niuntu boonaga kurina ugwati bwa
iguru mono. Giki nikio gitumi mathithio ja arimi
babakai baria baunaga rwatho ruru jomba gutuma
aguri bakarega kugurira arimi bangi ba TIST ruugo
rwao.
Nikwithiritwe kurina kinya mantu jangi.
Murimi uria ugitaga miti nethiritwe akiritanagwa,
gutarirwa miti na kuewa gazeti o mweri ni TIST.
Mbeca iji itumiritwe kiriwe niciriagwa ni arimi
bangi.
Kurikanua mantu jaria GOCC yaugire ikathithia,
ringira Charles (0720 474209) kwegie:
a) Mathuganio kuuma kiri arimi bang indene ya
micemanio ya cluster kwegie matagaria jaria
jabati kujukua kiri baria bagitaga miti yonthe
ndene ya miunda ya TIST.
b) Uria murimi uria ugitaga miti yonthe akaria
arimi bangi nikenda abarigiria mbeca iria
bakagitwa ndene ya thoko ya ruugo.
kiumo kingi kia mbeca kiribo. ” Mweri jwa itano,
2011, muradi jwa TIST jwari jwa mbele ndene ya
nthiguru kurikia gutegerwa ngugi na gukurukithua
na nandi nibathithiritue untu bou maita ikumi na
janna. Williamsa nongerere, “Turina kugwirua
kwithirwa turina aguri baria boonete uumbani
bwetu kiinto na baita kiri muntu iria kugura ruugo
rwa TIST kuretaga. Bairi ba aguri baba ba bata,The
Carbon Neutral Company na Microsoft kinyabo
nibashindite kiewa kuumani na Environmental Finance. Kambuni iji ya The Carbon Neutral Company niyathurirwe iri “Muguri umunini uria mwega
buru” na Microsoft niyathurirwe iri kambuni iria
njega buru kiri kambuni inene. TIST nitaga na mbele
gucokera na gutamba niuntu kurina milioni inyingi
cia arimi baria bakwenda gutonya. Nitweterete
mono kuumba kwona mbeca ing’ani cia gukinyira
jaria arimi bakwenda, na kwongera baita cia TIST
kiri ugaruki bwa rera ya nthiguru.”
TIST: Ugiti bwa miti yonthe ndene ya miunda ya TIST
ni kuuna na njira inene jaria TIST ikirite na kinya
kandarasi ya GhG. Nikugitaragia mantu jameega jaria
jakuthithua ni arimi ba TIST ngiri nyingi.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
Mantu jaja no ujone aja www.tist.org kana aja www.tist.org/mobile.
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KIMERU VERSION 4
Batwi, arimi ba TIST kuuma Igembe ria gaiti
nitukugwirua tukinenkanira ripoti ya jaria tuumbite
gukinyira gukurukira kwithirwa turi kiri muradi jwa
TIST. Ti aki indi ni amwe na:
1. Nituritanagwa o mweri ni nthumba cia cluster
na kinya kuewa gazeti ya o mweri iria itagwa
Mazingira Bora. Bubu nibutumbithitie
kuongerwa uciari bwa miunda yetu bwa
mpempe, matunda na imera bingi. Nituthomete
kubangira miunda yetu bwega nkuruki, kunyiyia
gukamatwa kwa muthetu, kwongera unoru
bwa muthetu, kurima na njira ya Kilimo Hai na
kuthithia mboleo ya mati.
2. Arimi baria baankene na nduuji nibaritani
kumenyeera nteere cia nduuji. Bubu nibutumite
gukethirwa kurina ruuji rurutheru igita rionthe
rwa ndithia cietu na rwa gutumira mantune jetu
ja nja. Kwongera, nitumenyerete miunda yetu
kuumania na kuthukua kuria kuumanagia na
gukamatwa kwa muthetu.
3. Mantu jaria TIST ikirite na utongeria bwa
kuthiuruka buria bumenyaga ati muntu wonthe
muka na murume nakwona kanya nigutumite
ntuura cietu ciagaruka na njira inene. Aka,
arume na antu babethi nibaei twanya
tung’anene twa kujukia itia bwa utongeria,
kwonania na kunenkanira iewa bia utongeria,
gwakana gatigati kao na kuuma na mathuganio
jameru niuntu bwa witi na mbele na gukura
gwetu.
4. Mbeca cia gwikanira motisha kuuma kiri TIST
nicitethetie kugarura miturire ya arimi babaingi.
Ndene ya cluster imwe, arimi nibaibanganitie
kuthithia wiki mbeca, kuriunganira kimbeca na
kwou bagaciarithania utethio buria bwitaga kiri
murimi.
5. Utumiri bwa mariko ja TIST jaria jatumagira
nkuu inkai nibutethagia kwongera miti niuntu
miti imikai nkuruki nigitagwa gutumirwa ja nku.
Mariko jaja nijatethetie kuthongomia thiria na
kunyiyia ugwati niuntu toi ni inkai na ieitagwa
ikauma riikone na kwou aana no bakare bwega
mono riikone niuntu ugwati nibunyiagua.
Cluster ya Athi ni imwe ya cluster cia TIST iria ikwibangania gukurukira gwika mbeca. Mbicha iji
yajukirue mucemanione jwao jwa o mweri jwa mweri jwa mugwanja 2014
TIST ndene ya Igembe.
Ni William Mwito , Nthumba ya cluster ya TIST ikuuga.
KIMERU VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Muthetu nimbi?
Muthetu ni gicunci kia iguru buru kia nthi. Jwithagirwa
jurina ruugo, ruuji, biria biorete na kinya mineral.
Muthetu juthithagua atia?
Kunangwa kwa maiga nikuejanaga mineral iria ciendekaga
kiri imera nikenda bitigakue. Imera riu nibiongagirwa
muthetune niuntu nibioraga na bikathuthurukanga. O
uria maiga jamaingi jakuunikanga nou imera bibi biori
bikwongereka, nikenda ruuji rurwingi nkuruki rumba
gwikwa ndene ya muthetu, na kwou rumba gwitithia
na mbele gukuria imera.
Niki into bibi biori birina bata?
Into bibi biori (mono kuumania na kwora kwa imera)
nibiritaga irio bibingi, biria biithagira birio niuntu bwa
imera bibieru. Kinya nibiikaga tunyomoo turia turi baita
ndene ya muthetu, bigatethia ruuji gutonya muthetune
na kinya bigatethia muthetu kugwatana amwe bwega.
Nimbi yugaga muthetu juria jurio ni jwa
muthemba juriku?
• Rera: Murutira na ruuji ruria rurio niruugaga mpwi
ya iiga ya kuunikanga
• Tunyomoo: Tunyomoo tumwe nituritaga ngugi ya
bata ya kuungania muthetu ja mang’ionyo jaria
jetagwa earthworms. Tunyomoo twa muthetu
nitutethagia kworia imera na nyomoo na tungi
nitutethagia gwikira nitrogen ndene ya muthetu
(ja Rhizobium bacteria).
• Uria muunda jukari: Mung’uanano, muthetu kibarine
ni jumuceke na jukamatangagwa nkuruki ya
muthetu juria jwithagirwa juri miurone.
• Iiga riria juumenie nario: muthemba jwa iiga riria
muthetu juumite.
• Mathithio ja antu: uria tutumagira na kumenyeera
muthetu jwetu gukauga unoru bwaju.
The texture of the soil you have depends on how much
sand, silt and clay it is made from.The diagram on the
following page shows you the main categories of soil
texture. The texture of the soil and structure influence
how easily roots can penetrate the soil, and how much
water can be retained.
Niki pH ya muthetu irina bata?
Acidi kana alkali iria iri kiri muthetu (PH yaju) niugaga
kethira irio birio niuntu bwa imera nani tunyomoo
turiku muthetune tukoomba gutuura. Jaria maingi irio
bia muthetu nibitonyaga ruujine (na kwou imera
nobibijukie bikijukia ruuji) riria muthetu jurina acidi
nkuruki ya riria jukiri kii kana juri alkaline.
Indi, kethira muthetu jurina acidi inyingi mono bakteria
inyingi itiumba gukura, na bubu bukanyia kwora kwa
imera na nyomoo. Mithetu imiega ya iguru imingi iri PH
ya 5.5 gwita 7.5 na nimiiru (rangi)
Muthetu jumunoru ni juriku?
• Muthetu jumunoru ni juria jurina irio bionthe biria
bikwendeka niuntu bwa imera gutuura bing’ani
• Primary nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
• Secondary nutrients: sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Micronutrients: iron, manganese, boron, chlorine,
zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel.
Kuongera unoru bwa muthetu
• Thugania kwongera nitrogen ( mboleo itiumi
kuumania na imera biria biikagira nitrogen
muthetune ) na Phosphorus ( rock phosphate).
• Uthurania na utumire ntaka ya ndithia na
maumago. Ni injega nkuruki yathithirua kirinyene.
Mboleo itiumi no ithirwe irina ammonia inyingi
mono (iria iumba kugitaria imera) na noithirwe iri
tunyomoo turia turetaga mirimo tutwingi.
Watumira ntaka itiumi, tunmira inkai na ukare mieri
nkuruki ya iiri mbele e wikira yo kairi.
• Ongera mati gukurukira gwika kirinyene (ja uria
ukwirwa aja nthi)
• Tumira mitire iria miega bubu ya urimi bubwega ja
uria wathiri jamaingi kanyuma au:
o Kugarurania imera
o Kuanda imera biungenue
o Kuungania miti na imera
o Anda imera biria bicokagia nitrogen
muthetune biri bia gukunikira nthi
o Tiga muunda jutiandi
o Use of mulch
o Tumira marinya ja kilimo hai
o Nyiyia ukamati bwa muthetu gukurukira
kuanda miti, kwinja mitaro
• Thugania kuandaniria Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan),
Dolichos lablab, Mucuna pruriens, Crotalaria,
Canavalia.
• Thugania kwongera muju, juria jurina calcium na
potassium carbonate na wingi.
• Ongera lime kethira nwiji muthetu jwaku jurina
acidi inyingi
• Ni bwega nkuruki kurega kwongera mineral ingi
(nkuruki ya iria ciithagirwa ciri mboleone)
utithimite muthetu jwaku kwona ni irio na mineral
iriku cikwendeka.
• Magitene jamwe no witie gwikira fertilizer ya nduka.
Ikira kulingana na uria muthithia aandikite na urie
afisa ba urimi ni iriku ciri injega kiri ntuura yaku
Kuthithia mboleo
Mboleo ya kuthithia na imera ni fertilizer ya kuumania
na into bitina ugwati ya gutethia imera biaku bikura
bwega. Ni injega nkuruki ya fertilizer cia nduka niuntu
TIST: Unoru bwa muthetu.
KIMERU VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
icithithitie yongwa na itina ugwati kiri imera na kiri naria
kuthiurukite. Kuthithia mboleo iji ni njira imwe ya iria
mbuthu, itina goro na injega ya kwongera unoru bwa
muthetu.
Nimbi yumba kuthithia mboleo?
• Matigari ja imera, iria, mathangu jamoomu, imera
biria bigiti, mboleo na maumago ja ndithia, mati jaria
ndithia imamagira, matigari ja irio kuuma riiko na
manyani, muju, maratati jagitangi na kandibodi
• Ugatumira nyama, into kinya biriku kuumania na
ndithia, maguta jamomu kana ja ruuji, sikerebu kana
mikebe ya mibira.
Mitire iria miega buru ya kuthithia mboleo ya
imera:
• Taara antu kurina kirundu gwa gwika int bibi biri
au iguru
• Kunikira na mabura kana kiratasi kia nailoni
• Ikiira ruuji igitene ria uumo
• Karia kuumania na ngai (iria yumba gukamata irio
biria bikwendeka)
• Ja mutaratara tegera ati:
o Gicunci kimwe kiri bithatu ni imera bitinyaari
( manyaki, matunda, nyani, makonyo ja nkara,
makonyo ja nkandi, mboleo kuumania na
ndithia, maria, imera)
o Gicunci kimwe kiri bithatu ni “imera binyaari
( mathangu joomi, nyaki injumu, sondasti,
makandibondi na matigari ja imera warikia
guketha)
o Gicunci kimwe kiri bithatu ni into bibirito ja
biang’i bigitangi na matigari jamanene ja imera.
o Menyeera ati uritumira imera biria
bitirathithia mbeu na ugatumira imera biria
biajitue.
o Rikanira into bibi amwe kana kirinyene. Ruugo
nirwendekaga kuthithia mboleo iji, kwou
urugania into bibi amwe bwega na ukamamiria
into bibi mono.
• Ikiira ruuji, ukunikire na urekane nabio mieri imikai
nikenda into bibi bikoora. No uruganie into bibi
o igita nyuma ya igita.
• Mboleo iji yeja gutendera kana kununka no ithirwe
irina ruuji rurwingi mono kana ithirwe irina into
bitiumi bibingi mono. Ongera imera bibiumu
gwakarika ou na uruganie.
• Geria into biaku biithirwe biri tayari kuunganua,
gwikirwa ruuji, gukunikirwa na gwikwa mieri iiri
kana ithatu mbele ya mbura yambiria nikenda
igatethia igitene ria kuanda.
• Mboleo iji ibati kwithirwa iria ya rangi ya muthetu
na ikiunikang’aga riria iri tayari. No ucunke mboleo
iji nikenda wona iria iunikangi bwega, na wongere
jau manene kirinyene nikenda ija gutumirwa riu
ringi.
Bimwe bia ikundi bia TIST nibitumagira njira imwe iria
boonaga igitaga ngugi. Nibaejene matagaria jaja:
Kuthuranira mboleo ya mati na njira iria ikundi
bimwe bia TIST bitumagira:
1) Taara antu aria ukeenja kirinya giaku kia warie bwa
mita inya na uraja bwa mita inya.
2) Theria antu au
3) Inja kirinya kirina warie bwa mita ithatu gwita inya
na mita imwe na nusu kwinama.
4) Uthurania matigari ja imera biaku jaria urinajo na
ugitange tue tunini. ( mung’uanano mathangu na
mati ja mpempe, miere na ming’au)
5) Ikira matigari jaja kirinyene mwanka gitigare nusu
mita.
6) Ongeera lita ithano cia muju
7) Riu wongere centimita mirongo ithatu (kana o iria
ikwoneka) cia mburi kana nguku).
8) Ongera matigari ja imera nusu mita
9) Ikira lita ingi ithano cia muju
10) Ongera matigari ja imera kairi mwanka kirinya
kiende kuujura
11) Mutia, ikira muthetu mwanka kirinya kiujure
12) Ukiujuria kirinya na muthetu, tonyithia muti
jumuraja gatigati ga kirinya mwanka jukinye
nthiguru buru.
13) Tigana na kirinya giki ntuku mirongo kenda (mieri
ithatu)
14) . Igitene riri tumira ruuji rwaku rwa ruko gwikira
boleo. Mung’uanano, warikia kuthambia nyomba
kana nguo ciaku, ituura ruuji ruru ugutumagira
kirinyene. Kethira urina ndithia ituura maumago
jacio iguru ria kirinya.
15) Geria wikagire kirinya kiu ruuji na njira iji ntuku
cionthe kana oriria ruuji rurio.
16) Ntuku mirongo kenda ciathira, mboleo ikethira
iri tayari. Tumira muti kuthima mwanki – mboleo
yayia no mwanka ithirwe irina mwanki mwanka
toi yoneke ikiumaga mutine wajurita ku.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kikuyu Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Uhoro mwega:TIST niicaguritwo iri namba 1 hari honge iria ciniinaga carbon thiini
wa thi yothe. Page 2
TIST: Gutema miti ya TIST ni kuna watho wa TIST values na Greenhouse Gas
Contract. Nigutumaga miturire ya arimi angi a TIST ithuke. Page 3
TIST Thiini wa Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Unoru wa tiiri. Page 5
Inside:
KIKUYU VERSION 2
ARIMI KWONANIA NOMAGIRITHIE MARIA
MATURIGICIIRIENAMATEITHIE THI YOTHE.
Thiini wa Tulsa, Oklahama, USA, kuri 30 June,
2014 – The International Small Group and Planting
Program (TIST) niyacagurirwo iri namba 1 hari
kueheria na kunina carbon hari utuiriauriia wekirwo
ni Enviromental Finance. Gukuuranwo guku,
gucagurwo ni athomi a thoko ya carbon thi yothe
nikwonanitie maundu maria arimi a TIST
makoretwo makiamukira kumana na kuruta wira
hamwe hari kuhanda miti na guthomithania maundu
megii kwagirithia miturire.
Enviromental Finance ni ngathiti ya online iria
yambiriirie mwaka wa 1999 niguo kuheana uhoro
wa wonjorithia, green finance ohamwe na
kumurika honge iria cikoragwo thoko-iniino ya
carbon. TIST niyo yabere hari honge ici
gukuuranwo ni Enviromental Finance.
TIST ni urimi, uhandi wa miti, uthii wanambere
na kwehutia carbon iria ikoragwo thiini wa Kenya,
Uganda, India na Tanzania. Tisti yambiriirio iri ya
murimi munini na ungihota kuhanda na gutungata
miti kuria kuhinyiririku niguo agirithie mugunda.
Njira ino niininaga mathina mucii na ikagirithia
maria maturigiciirie na utemi wa miti, biodiversity
kuninwo, imamo cia nyamu na ugaruruku wa riera.
Ngatho nyingi hari uhotani uyu ciagiriirwo niguthii
kuri arimi a TIST, uu niguo Ben Henneke, umwe wa
aria mambiriirie TIST augire. “arimi aya monganagia
mbegu, magathondeka nathari, makahanda miti na
makamiiga iri muoyo kuri na riua, makariithia mahiu,
arimi a TIST ni a magegania muno. Nimaretiira
umithio wa miti yao ohamwe na kugia na maria
maturigiciirie mega. Ngerenwa ino irakurana wira
muritu uria urutitwo ni makiria ma arimi 70,000
aria marahanda miti, magithomithanagia na
guteithania”
“Kunina mititu niyo njira imwe yak i-mundu
ya kuongerera CO2, na arimi anini ni amwe a aria
mahutagio ni ugaruruku wa riera,” Henneke agithii
na mbere. “hari miaka 14 mihetuku, atumia na athuri
makiria a TIST nimoete makinya ma gucokereria
miti na kwagirithia migunda yao na matuura.
Kuhitukira githimi kiega kia gukura kwa miti yao
na magathondekanjira ya kwona mbeca kuhitukira
kwendia carbon credits. Carbon credits ici
ciendagrio cabuni na andu aria marenda guteithia
mawira ma arimi a TIST”
Carbon credits cia TIST ciakuma India, Kenya
na Uganda cithuthuragio ni Verified Carbon
Standards(VCS) na Climate, Community &
Biodiversity(CCB) hamwe na “Gold” Level.“wendia
wa credits ici ci kirathi kia iguru cia TIST riu
niukoretwoukinyitirira miena ino na niyagirwo
guthii n mbere guteithia kwa miaka ingi 25-30, “
Henneke akiuga. Hari na kigina makiria kia
gutheremia, nituguthii na mbere na kwirugamirira
hari mutaratara uyu.
Arimi a TIST nimonnanitie ati riria twahuthira
njira njeru na cia ki-riu, kuhanda miti mthemba
miingi, kuruga na riiko ritarahuthira ngu nyingi na
kuiyukia njira njega cia ugima wa mwiri. Uthuthuria
wa ica ikuhi niwonanitie ati umithio uria arimi
makoretwo naguo niukirite garama ya gutwarithia
TIST na mbere.
Henneke ningi niaugire “nitunyitaniire na
USAID Kenya makiria ma miaka 5 niguo gutheremia
TIST Kenya niguo arimi makiria na muno atumia
na mbeu njithi magie na umithio muiingi na
meteithie, magirithie biodiversity na utheru wa
maai na kugitira mititu. Uteithio wa USAID thiini
wa Kenya ningi niuteithitie andu angi kuma
mabururi mangi riria mitaratara mieru iria
ithondekeirwo Kenya yathomithio arimi angi.TIST
niyonanitie ati riria wagirithia matuura hamwe na
thi yothe niguo uthondekaga njira nyingi cia
Uhoro mwega:TIST niicaguritwo iri namba 1 hari
honge iria ciniinaga carbon thiini wa thi yothe.
KIKUYU VERSION 3
uthondeki wa mbeca. Turi na makiria ma 1billion
acre cia migunda iria itari mirime na irabatra
kuhandwo miti,TIST niyonanitie ati “Payments for
Enviromental Services” kuri arimi nokunyihie
greenhouse gases na gikiro kinene muno na
guthondeka mibango yak i-riu ya “Low carbon”
Charlie Williams, Vece President wa Clean Air
Action Corporation (CAAC) akiuga “gwa kahinda
ka miaka 14 tukoretwo na maundu matatu ma
mbere: wa mbere ati arimi aria maingira TIST
nimagia na miturire miega kuhitukira wira wao. Wa
keeri, ati CAAC niiguthondeka mutaratara wa
kurumirira niguo ihote guthima maciaro
makinyaniru na wa gatatu, ati maciaro mao
nimatuika njira ya kwona mbeca kuri o.
Kuri May 2011, mutaratara wa TIST niguo wari
wa mbere thiini wa thi kurikia certification cia VCS
na CCB na riu niurikitie mutaratara ucio maita 14.
Williams akiuga. “ nitukenete nigukorwo na
customers marakuurana ati technical experience
na umithio wa mundu uria umanaga na Tist tonnes.
Eeri a customer aya a bata ni The Carbon Neutral
Company, na Microsoft aria onao makoretwo na
ngerenwa kuma kuri Enviromental Finance.The
Carbon Neutral Company niyacagurirwo iria njega
muno “The Best Offset Retailler” na Microsoft
igicagurwo “The Best Corporate Offset
Programme.” TIST niithiite nambere na gutherema
tondu kuri na arimi milioni nyingi aria marenda
kuingira. Nitwetereire kugia na kigina gia kuhota
gukinyaniria meririria ma arimi niguo tuhote
kuhurana na ugaruruku wa riera.
Mweri muhetuku, nitwaririe uhoro wa
utemi wa miti thiini wa GOCC semina iria ya Gitoro
kuri June 2014, thutha wa gukunguira TIST-USAID
partnership ya miaka 5.
Mweri uuyu, nituramuirikania uhoro wa last
month niguo kumuthomithia na kuigua maeoni
manyu uria tungihota kunina utemi wa miti.
Utongoria wa TIST niwathurire Charles Ibeere
(0720 474209) niguo arutithanie wira na atongoria
a TIST hamwe na arimi niguo uhoro uru wariririo
wega.
Niwega kumenya ati contract ya Green
House Gas, iria arimi othe a TIST mekirite kirore
yugite ati arimi magiriirwo nikuiga miti iri muoyo
gwa kahinda karaihu. Niitikiritie arimi kuhurura miti
na gutagania (angikorwo niikuhaniriirie) kana
gutema gicunji kia 5% kia miti ya gikundi rria yakinyia
miaka 10.
Mawatho maya nimathiite na mbere
nakuhuthika thiinwa tabaarira ya carbon. Aguri a
carbon nimendaga kuona miti iria maragura carbon
credits kuma kuri yo iri muoyo. Riria arimi matema
miti yao, aguri aya nimaregaga kugura carbon credits
icio kuma kundu kuu tondu gutuikaga kuri na ugwati.
Giki nikio gitumi arimi magiriirwo nigutiga
gutema miti niguo carbon credits ciao cigurwo.
Kuri na maundu mangi ningi. Murimi uria watema
muti akoretwo akiamukira githomo, utari wa miti
na ngathiti ya MB. Mahuthiro maria mari make
matwaragirwo arimi aria angi.
Ta kiririkania uhoro wigii maundu maria
GOCC yaugire niikurumirira, araniria na Charles
(0720474209) uhoro wigii:
a) Mawoni ma arimi aria angi thiini wa micemanio
ya cluster uhoro wigii makinya maria
makwoerwo aria matema miti.
b) Uria arimi aria matema miti maririhaga aria angi
niguo uhoro ucio unyihanyihe.
TIST: Gutema miti ya TIST ni kuna watho wa
TIST values na Greenhouse Gas Contract.
Nigutumaga miturire ya arimi angi a TIST ithuke.
KIKUYU VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Mwandiki: William Mwito, Ndungata ya Tist Cluster
Ithui, arimi a TISIT kuma Igembe South turi na gikeno
tukimenyithania ati maundu maria tuhotanite ni
maingi kumana na gukorwo turi thiini wa tabaarira
iro ya TIST. Maya nao ni;
1. Nitwamukagira githomo o mweri kuma kuri
ndugata cia cluster na kuamukira ngathiti ya o
mweri ya Mazingira Bora. Njira ino
niituteithitie kwongerera maciaro ma mbembe,
matunda na irio ingi. Nituthomete kwagirithia
migunda iitu, kugitira tiiri, kwongerera unoru.
Nituthomete maundu ta Kilimo Hai na
guthondeka thumu.
2. Arimi aria mari ruui-ini nimathomithagio
kugitira njuui. Njira ino niitigiriire ati kuri na
maai maingi kur nyamu na andu. Makiria,
nitugitirite migunda iitu kumana na kuhinjio
gwa tiiri.
3. Values ciaTIST na utongoria wa
guthiururukana tukirora muno atumia
niciteithitie hari kwagirithia matuura maitu na
miikarire. Athuri na atumia makoragwo na
mieke iiganaine thiini wa utongoria niguo
maheane na kuruithie iheo ciao wira kuri aria
aangi.
4. Mikahuro kumana na uhandi wa miti ya TIST
nicitumite miturire ya arimi aingi muno
igaruruke. Thiini wa cluster imwe arimi
nimeyumbite niguo makorwo na itati na
meteithie makiria.
5. Uhuthiri wa mariiko ma TIST nimateithagia
kwongerera miti tondu ti miingi iratemwo
niundu wa ngu. Mariiko maya nimongereire
ugima wa mwiri wa andu tondu matirutaga
ndogo nyingi na kwa uguo ciana cigakorwo
ciri ngitire muno.
TIST Thiini wa Igembe.
Mwandiki ni William Mwito, muruti wa wira wa cluster ya TIST
KIKUYU VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Tiiri ni kii?
Tiiri ni mwen wan a-iguru wa thi. Ukoragwo na
riera, maai na unoru hamwe na minerals.
Tiiri uthondekagwo atia?
Gwatukanga na kumumuthuka kwa mahiga nikuo
guthondekaga tiiri uria uhotithagia mimera gukura.
Mimera ningi niyongagirirwo tiiri-ini. Riria mahiga
makiria mamumuthuka, noguo tiiri muingi
uthondekagwo kwa uguo maai maingi nimakuigwo
tiiri-ini na kwongerera gukura kwa mimera.
Nikii organic matter iri ya bata?
Organic matter (Iria ithondekagwo muno kumana
na kubutha kwa mimera) niurutaga unoru muingi
uria woyagwo ni mimera na ikanyitirira miturire
ya indo cia tiiri-ini iria cikoragwo na umithio muingi
kuri tiiri na ukauteithia kugia na hinya na kuhotithia
maai gutonya thiini.
Nikii kimenyithanagia muthemba wa tiiri?
• Riera: Urugari na maai riria cioneka
nicikoragwo na effect kuri kumumuthuka kwa
mahiga.
• Organisms: Bacteria, fungi na minyongoro ni
imwe cia iria ciikaraga tiiri-ini. Imwe
nicinnyitaga itemi hari gutukania tiiri ta
earthworms. Organisms cia tiiri niciteithagia
kubutha na gueithia mimera.
• Topography: Uria mugunda uikare. Kwa
muhiano, tiiri uri kundu kuinamu niukoragwo
uri muceke na ugakuuo ni maai na-ihenya
gukira tiiri ungi uri kundu kuigananu.
• Parent material: Muthemba wa mahiga maria
mathondekete tiiri.
• Human Behaviour: Uria tuhuthagira na
kumenyerera tiiri witu niutumaga unoru
ukorwo uria uri.
Uria tiiri uhana kuringanaga na muigaa wa muthanga,
silt na clay uuthondekete. Diagram ino ironania
mithemba ngurani ya tiiri. Muthemba wa tiiri
niwonanagia uria miri ingiingira tiiri-ini na muigana
wa maai uria ungiimgira thi.
Bata wa soil pH nikii?
Uria tiiri uri na acini na alkali niyo pH na niyugaga
nutrients iria iri tiiri-ini na muthemba wa tiiri uria
ungikorwo mwena ucio na unyitirirwo wega.
Nutrients nyingi cia tiiri nicikoragwo na uhoti wa
kumumuthuka na kwa uguo cigateithia kuiyukio ni
mimera riria tiiri uri na acid gukira riria uri na alkali.
Ona kuri o uguo, angikorwo tiiri uri na acid nyingi
noguo bacteria nyingi citangikura na organic matter
cikaremwo ni kubutha.Tiiri muingi uria wa iguru
ukoragwo na pH ya 5.5-7.5 na ukoragwo na rangi
muiru.
Tiiri munoru ni uriku?
Tiiri uria munoru ni uria ukoragwo na nutrients
iria cibataranagia hari gukura kwa mimera.
• Primary nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus,
potassium
• Secondary nutrients: sulphur, magnesium,
calcium
• Micronutrients: iron, manganese, boron,
chlorine, zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel
Maundu ma kwongerera tiiri unoru.
• Ongerera nitrogen(na njira ya thumu muigu)
ohamwe na phosphorus(na njira ya mahiga).
• Ungania na uhuthire thumu wa mahiu na
mathugumo. Uyu ukoragwo uri mwega riria
wabutha. Uria utar mubuthu noukorwo na
ammonia nyingi(iria ingithukia mimera).
Thumu uyu niukoragwo na pathogens nini.
Ungihuthira utari mubuthu, huthira utari
muingi na uutige gwa kahinda ka mieri 2 .
• Ongerera organic matter kuhitukira
composting
• Huthira njira iria njega na hitukie.
o Kuhanda mithemba miingi ya irio hamwe
na gucenjania imera.
o Kuhanda miti mugunda-ini wa irio
o Gutiga mahuti mabuthire mugunda
o Kuhuthira marima ma Kilimo Hai.
o Nyihia erosion na kuhanda miti, kwenja
terraces kana fanya juu.
• Huthira intercropping na Pigeon pea (Cajanus
cajan), Dolichos lablab, Mucuna pruriens,
Crotalaria, Canavalia.
• Ongerera muhu, uria I ukoragwo na calcium
na potassium carbonate.
• Ongerera lime anbatarikgikorwo tiiri waku
niukoragwo na acid nyingi.
• Niwega kwaga kwongerera minerals (tiga iria
cikoragwo thumuini) utarorete tiiri wega
niguo wone kana nicirabatarikana.
• Nikuri hiingo wagiriirwo nikuongerera
inorganic chemicals fertilizers. Huthira
kuringana na mawatho ma athondeki na
ataalamu a maundu egii tiiri.
TIST: Unoru wa tiiri.
KIKUYU VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
Composting
Compost manure ni thumu utari wa fertilizer uria
uteothagia mimera gukura. Niukoragwo urimwega
gukira wa chemical tondu ni wa ki-nduire na
nduthukagia mimera na maria maturigiciirie.
Composting ni nnjira imwe ya iria huthu makiria
na citari na mahuthiro maingi cia kwongerera unoru
wa tiiri.
Nikii kingihuthika hari guthondeka compost?
• Matigari ma irio, riia, mahuti na mahuti ma miti,
main a mathugumo ma mahiu, irio cia nyumba
matunda, muhu na maratahi .
• Ndukahuthire nyama, daily products, fats, oil
Cuma kana plastic.
Maundu maria wagiriirwo nikurumirira riria
urathondeka compost.
• Huthira handu hari na kiiruru.
• Humbira na marigu kana plastic
• Itiriria maai riria kuri na riua.
• Gitira kumana na mbura(iria ingithambia unoru
wothe)
• Ta njira ici, tigirira;
o 1/3 “green vegetation” (nyeki, matunda,
mboga, makorogoca, makoni, thumu, riia
na mimera)
o 1/3 ‘brown vegetation’ mahuti momu,
straw, nuura, cardboard na matigari ma irio)
o 1/3 indo nene ta miti
o Tigirira niwahuthira indo citari nambegu
na ndukahuthire kindu kiri na murimu.
o Iganirira indo ici hamwe na ndugakindire.
• Itiriria indo icio maai,humbira na utige niguo
cibuthe gwa kahnda ka mieri ta iiri. Nouikare
ugitukanagia indo icio.
• Indo icio cingiambiriria kununga, nikuga ati ciri
na maai maingi kana green vegetation ni nyingi,
ongerera brown vegetation na utukanie.
• Geria gukorwo na indo ici ciothe niguo
utukanie, uitiririe maai na uhumbire na utigie
2-3 months mbere ya mbura niguo ukorwo uri
mwega ukihanda.
• Thumu uyu wagiriirwo gukorwo uri wa brown
na unyitanite. No ucunge thumu niguo wehutie
giko na ukoro na mutukanio mwega.
Ikundi imwe cia TIST nicihuthagira njira ngurani na
makona ciri njega na magataariria haha.
Kuhariria compost manure na TIST groups
1) Hariria handu ha 4mx4m ha kwenja irima.
2) Theria handu hau.
3) Enja irima ria 3-4m na 1.5 uriku.
4) Ungania matigari mothe ma irio na umatinangie
tunini tunini( muhiano mahuti ma mabebe,
muhia na mboco)
5) Itirira mahuti macio irima-ini na utigie 0.5m.
6) Ikira 5l cia muhu
7) Ongerera 30cm mai ma mahiu.
8) Ikira mahuti mangi.
9) Ikira 5l cia muhu ingi.
10) Ikira mahuti nginya uihurie mahuti nginya
uihurie irima.
11) Muthia, ikira tiiri nginya iguru.
12) Riria uraihuria tiiri, ikira muti miraihu gatagati
niguo ukinye thi.
13) Eterera thumu waku matuku 90 kannaa
(3months)
14) Gwa kahinda gaka, huthira maai mari na giko
gwikira irima-ini. Kwa muhiano, thtutha wa
guthambia nyumba, nguo huthira maai macio
kana mathuguma ma mahiu.
15) Itiriria irima maai o muthenya na njira ino kana
riria maai monekana.
Thutha wa 90days thumu waku niugukorwo uri
mwega. Huthira muti uria uhandite gatagati ta
thermometer – riria thumu wagira niwagiriirwo
nigukokorwo uri muhiu na waruta muti ucio.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kiswahili Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Habari njema:TIST imechaguliwa kuwa mradi unaoshughulikia
kusafisha hewa bora zaidi katika dunia nzima. Page 2
Kukata miti yote katika mashamba ya TIST ni kukiuka maadili ya TIST na mkataba
wa GhG wenye athari kubwa sana. Unadhuru matendo mazuri ya maelfu ya wakulima
katika TIST. Page 3
Mradi wa TIST eneo la Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Rutuba ya udongo. Page 5
Inside:
KISWAHILI VERSION 2
WAKULIMA WA MASHAMBA MADOGO
WATHIBITISHA KUWA WANAWEZA KUBORESHA
MAZINGIRA YAO NA KUSAIDIA SAYARI HII
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A., Juni tareha
thelathini, 2014 – Mradi unaoitwa The International
Small Group and Tree Planting Program (TIST)
ulichaguliwa kuwa mradi bora zaidi katika kusafisha
hewa katika utafiti wa dunia nzima uliofanywa na
Environment Finance.. Utambuzi huu uliopigiwa
kura na wasomi waliopo katika soko la kaboni
katika ulimwengu mzima, ulitambua faida nyingi
wanazopata wakulima katika TIST kutokana na
kufanya kazi pamoja ya kupanda miti, na kuunda na
kugawana na wengine njia bora za kufanya mambo
ambazo huboresha maisha yao
Environmental Finance ni huduma ya habari
na uchambuzi kupitia tovuti iliyoanzishwa mwaka
elfu moja mia tisa tisini na tisa ikiwa ya kuripoti
uwekezaji endelevu, fedha kutokana na mimea na
watu na kampuni zinazojishughulisha katika
masoko ya kimazingira.TIST ni mradi wa kusafisha
hewa wa kwanza kutambulika na huduma hii ya
Environment Finance.
TIST ni mradi wa kilimo, upandaji miti,
maendeleo na uuzaji wa kaboni unaofanya kazi
Kenya, India, Uganda na Tanzania.TIST ilianzishwa
na na kwa sababu ya wakulima wenye mashamba
madogo na wanaolima chakula wanaopanda miti
katika mashamba yaliyodhoofika ili kuboresha
maisha yao na kuboresha usalama wa chakula. Kazi
yao inashughulikia pia masuala ya kienyeji, ya
kikanda nay a kimataifa yanayohusu mazingira kama
ukataji misitu, kupotea kwa bionuwai, kuzoea na
mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa.
“Wanaofaa kupongezwa kwa matokeo mazuri
ya mradi huu ni wakulima wa TIST”, Ben Henneke,
mmoja wa waanzishi wa TIST alisema. “Wakulima
hawa wa TIST hukusanya mbegu, kutengeza vitalu,
kupanda miche na kuiweka hai wakati wa kiangazi,
mafuriko, na uvamizi wa ng’ombe, mbuzi na ndovu.
Wakulima wa TIST ni kikundi cha watu chenye
msukumo wa kiajabu. Wanajivunia faida miti yao
inaleta katika maisha yao na mazingira ya dunia
nzima. Zawadi hii ni ya kazi ngumu iliyofanywa na
wakulima zaidi ya elfu sabini wanaopanda miti,
kugawana taarifa, kupima matokeo na kusaidia
wakulima wengine.”
“Ukataji miti katika maeneo yalio na mvua
nyingi ni chanzo moja kubwa zaidi la hewa chafu
inayosababishwa na binadamu, na wakulima wadogo
ni pamoja na wengine wale wanaodhuriwa zaidi
na kubadika kwa hewa, “ aliendelea Henneke.
“Katika miaka iliyopita kumi na nne, wanawake na
wanaume zaidi katika TIST wamechukua hatua
kubadili ukataji wa misitu na kuboresha mashamba
yao na yale yalio katika jamii zao. Kwa kupima ukuzi
wa miti kwa umakini wametengeneza mmea wa
kuleta fedha usioonekana- kaboni inayowekwa
katika miti. Hewa hii iliyotolewa na iliyopimwa
huuziwa makampuni, mashiriki na pia watu
wanaotaka kuhamasisha jitihada za wakulima katika
TIST”. Kaboni ya TIST kutoka India, Kenya na
Uganda ilihakikishwa na kuthibitishwa na VCS na
CCB pamoja na ngazi ya dhahabu. “Mauzo ya tani
hizi za TIST za hali ya juu sasa hushikilia maeneo
yaliyopo na zafaa kuendelea kuleta faida miaka
ishirini na tano hadi thelathini ifuatayo,” alisema
Henneke. “Kukiwa na fedha nyongeza za kuanzia,
tutaendelea kurudia mchakato huu unaojishikilia
wenyewe.”
Wakulima katika TIST wameonyesha kuwa
matumizi ya njia mpya za kilimo, kupanda miti ya
aina mbali mbali, kutumia meko ya kusalimisha
nishati, na kuanza mazoezi mapya bora kiafya yana
athari kubwa sana kwa mapato na afya ya familia.
Masomo ya hivi karibuni kuhusu kudhibitishwa na
kupitishwa mara nyingi yameonyesha kuwa faida
wanazopata wakulima zinazidi kwa umbali gharama
ya kuendeleza mradi.
Henneke aliongeza, “Tumefanya kazi pamoja
na USAID-Kenya miaka mitano iliyopita ya kueneza
TIST katika Kenya ili wakulima zaidi wajiunge nayo,
sana sana wanawake na vijana, ili wapate faida,
waboreshe bionuwai na usfi wa maji, na kulinda
misitu. Usaidizi wa USAID nchini Kenya umefaidisha
wakulima katika kila nchi wakati njia bora za
kufanya mambo huanzishwa Kenya na kupitishwa
kutoka kwa mkulima hadi kwa mwingine. TIST
Habari njema:TIST imechaguliwa kuwa mradi unaoshughulikia
kusafisha hewa bora zaidi katika dunia nzima.
KISWAHILI VERSION 3
Mwezi uliopita, tulijadili kuhusu ukataji miti
yote katika semina ya GOCC iliyofanyika Gitoro
mwezi juni mwaka 2014, mara moja baada ya
sherehe za ushirikiano wenye mafanikio wa miaka
mitano kati ya TIST na USAID.
Mwezi huu, tunabeba kumbusho la makala
mwezi uliopita tukiitisha taarifa na fikira kutoka kwa
wakulima wa TIST kuhusu mawazo bora zaidi
yatayosaidia kumaliza kabisa ukataji miti yote.
Chama cha Uongozi wa TIST kilimchagua Charles
Ibeere (0720 474209) kufanya kazi ya karibu na
viongozi katika cluster, wawakilishi katika GOCC
na wakulima katika TIST kushughulikia suala hili.
Ni muhimu kujua kuwa kandarasi ya GhG ambayo
wakulima wote wa TIST walitia saini, ina mkataba
wa wakulima wa kuweka miti kwa muda mrefu.
Inaruhusu tu wakulima kupunguza miti (ikiwa
imekaribiana sana), kukata matawi ili kupata kuni,
na kukata miti hadi asili mia tano ya miti iliyo katika
kikundi kila mwaka miti inapfikisha miaka kumi au
zaidi.
Kanuni hii ni muhimu ili kuendelea kuhusika
katika mradi wa kaboni. Wanunuzi wa kaboni
huhitaji uhakika kwamba miti ambayo wananunulia
kaboni ipo hai.Ambapo wakulima hukata miti yao,
wanunuzi wa kaboni hukataa kila wakati
kuwanunulia kwani wao huona ni kufanya kazi
yenye hatari kubwa. Hii ndio sababu tendo la
wakulima wachache wanaokiuka kanuni hii laweza
kuwafanya wanunuzi wa kaboni kukataa
kuwanunulia wakulima wengine katika TIST.
Kumekuwa pia na wasi wasi zinginezo.
Mkulima anayekata miti yake yote amekuwa
akipata mafunzo ya TIST, kuhesabiwa miti na kupata
gazeti la Mazingira Bora. Gharama hizi zote
zilizotumika kwake upitishwa kwa wakulima
wengine.
Kama kumbusho, kuhusu hatua GOCC walizoamua
kuchukua, tafadhali ongea na Charles (0720 474209)
kuhusu:
a) Mawazo ya wakulima wengine katika mikutano
ya TIST kuhusu hatua zinazofaa kuchukuliwa
kwa wanaokata miti yote.
b) Jinsi mkulima aliyekata miti yote anafaa
kuwafidia wakulima wengine ili kuwaepusha
kutokana na hasara katika biashara ya kaboni.
yaonyesha kuwa kuboresha mazingira ya karibu nay
a dunia huleta mapato na nafasi zaidi. Kukiwa na
zaidi ya bilioni moja ya mashamba yaliyodhoofika
yanayohitaji kurejeshwa, TIST inaonyesha kuwa
kuanzisha huduma ya kulipia kazi zinazosaidia
mazingira za wakulima katika nchi zenye mvua
nyingi kwaweza kupunguza kwa kasi gesi
zinazoongeza joto duniani na kutupa wakati wa
kuendeleza na kuhakikisha njia zingine za
kiteknolojia zinazotoa kaboni kidogo zaidi.”
Charlie Williams, Makamu wa raisi wa shirika
la Clean Air Action Corporation (CAAC), alisema,
“Katika miaka kumi nan ne iliyopita tumekuwa na
wasi wasi za aina tatu za kimsingi: Kwanza, kuwa
wakulima waliojiunga na TIST wanajiboreshea
maisha kupitia kazi zao. Pili, kuwa CAAC
itatengeneza mifumo na michakato ya kufuatilia
mambo ili kupima kwa usahihi na uwazi matokeo
yao. Na tatu, kuwa matokeo yao yaliyopimwa
yatafanya chanzo kipya cha mapato kwao.” Mwezi
wa tano 2011, mradi wa TIST ulikuwa wa kwanza
katika dunia kukamilisha na kutunikiwa na VCS na
CCB na sasa umemaliza mchakato huu mara kumi
na nne. Williams aliongeza, “Tuna furaha kuwa na
wateja wanaotambua ubora wa kiteknolojia na faida
za kibinadamu ambazo huletwa na ununuzi wa
kaboni hii ya TIST. Wawili kati ya wateja hawa ni ,
The Carbon Neutral Company, na Microsoftambao
pia wametunukiwa zawadi kutoka kwa Environment
Finance. , The Carbon Neutral Company
ilichaguliwa kuwa “Mnunuzi mdogo bora zaidi wa
kaboni” na Microsoft ilichaguliwa kuwa “. TIST
inaendelea kurudia na kupanuka kwa sababu kuna
mamilioni ya wakulima wanaotaka kujiunga nayo.
Tunangoja sana kupata pesa zitakazosaidia kufikia
mahitaji ya wakulima hao, na kuongeza athari yenye
faida ya TIST kwa mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa.”
nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn
Kukata miti yote katika mashamba ya TIST ni
kukiuka maadili ya TIST na mkataba wa GhG
wenye athari kubwa sana. Unadhuru matendo
mazuri ya maelfu ya wakulima katika TIST.
KISWAHILI VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Sisi, wakulima wa TIST kutoka Igembe Kusini,
tunafaraha tukiripoti mafanikio yetu yaliyotokana
na kujiunga na mradi wa TIST. Haya ni pamoja na
bali si tu:
1. Tunapata mafunzo ya kila mwezi kutokana na
watumishi wa cluster pamoja na kupata gazeti
la kila mwezi linaloitwa Mazingira Bora. Haya
ni lili kutusaidia kuongeza uzalishaji wa
mashamba yetu katika mahindi, matunda na
mimea mingine. Tumefunzwa kupanga
mashamba yetu vizuri zaidi, kudhibiti
mmomonyoko wa udongo, kuongeza rutuba ya
udongo, kulima kwa njia ya Kilimo hai na
kutengeneza mbolea ya majani.
2. Wakulima wanaopakana na mito hufunzwa
kuhifadhi maeneo yaliyo kando ya mito.
Mafunzo haya huhakikisha uwepo wa maji safi
tosha kila wakati kwa sababu ya mifugo yetu
na matumizi yetu ya nyumbani. Kuongeza,
tunalinda mashamba yetu kutokana na
kudhoofika kwa kila wakati kwani
mmomonyoko wa udongo unadhibitika.
3. Maadili ya TIST na uongozi wa mzunguko
unaofikiria kuwapa wake na waume nafasi sawa
umesaidia sana kubadilisha jamii yetu. Wake,
waume na vijana wana nafasi sawa za uongozi,
kuonyeshana na kupitisha vipaji vyao vya
uongozi, kujenga imani kati yao na kuleta
mawazo mapya kwa maendeleo na ukuzi wetu.
4. Motisha za miti kutoka kwa TIST zimesaidia
kubadilisha maisha ya wakulima wengi. Katika
baadhi ya cluster, wakulima hujipanga kufanya
benki kati yao, kutembeleana na hivyo basi
kuzidisha usaidizi unaomfikia mkulima.
5. Matumizi ya meko ya kuokoa nishati husaidi
kuongeza miti ilio hai kwani ni miti michache
hukatwa kuwa kuni. Meko haya yamesaidia
sana kuboresha afya na usalama kwani moshi
ni kidogo na huelekezwa nje ya eneo la
kupikia kila wakati, na usalama wa watoto
katika eneo la kupikia huongezeka sana.
Mradi wa TIST eneo la Igembe.
Umeletewa na William Mwito, mtumishi katika cluster ya TIST
KISWAHILI VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Udongo ni nini?
Udongo ni safu ya juu zaidi ya ardhi. Udongo una hewa,
maji, viumbe hai na madini.
Udongo utengenezwa aje?
Kuvunjika kwa miamba ya mawe hutoa madini
yanayoshikilia maisha ya mimea. Mimea ndipo huongezwa
udongoni kama viumbe hai. Jinsi mawe zaidi
yanavyovunjwa na mabaki ya viumbe hai zaidi kuongezwa
ndivyo maji mengi zaidi yaweza kushikiliwa katika
udongo, na kuendelea kuboresha ukuzi wa mimea.
Mbona mabaki ya viumbe hai ni muhimu?
Viumbe hai (sana sana kutokana na kuoza na kutengana
kwa mimea) hutoa virutubisho vingi, vinavyopatikana ili
kuchukuliwa na mimea mipya. Pia hushikilia maisha ya
vijidudu vyenye faida vilivyopo katika udong, husaidia
maji kuingia udongoni na pia husaidia kushikilia udongo
pamoja.
Ni nini huamua aina ya udongo unaopatikana?
• Hali ya hewa: joto pamoja na uwepo wa maji
huathiri wepesi wa kuvunjika kwa mawe.
• Viumbe hai: bakteria, kuvu na minyoo pamoja na
viumbe hai vinginevyo vinavyoishi katika udongo.
Baadhi yavyo hufanya kazi muhimu ya
kuchanganya udongo kama minyoo. Viumbe hai
katika udongo husaidia kuvunja vunja viumbe hai
na vingine husaidia kuingiza naitrojeni udongoni
(kwa mfano Rhizobium bacteria).
• Sura ya ardhi: Kwa mfano, udongo katika miteremko
ni kondefu zaidi kwa ujumla kuliko udongo uliopo
katika mabonde.
• Mawe ulipotoka udongo: aina ya jiwe udongo
ulipotoka.
• Tabia ya binadamu: tunavyotumia na kuhudumia
udongo wetu huathiri rutuba kwa ukubwa.
Udongo unavyohisika kwa mkono hulingana na ni
kiwango kipi cha mchanga, silt na clay kilichopo. Picha
iliyopo kwa ukurasa unaofuata inaonyesha aina za
udongo tukifuatilia unavyohisika kwa mkono. Udongo
unavyohisika kwa mkono na ulivyojengwa huathiri
wepesi ambao mizizi itaingia kwa udongo na kiwango
cha maji kinachowekwa.
Ni kwa nini PH ya udongo ni muhimi?
Jinsi udongo una acidi au chokaa (PH) huathiri
virutubisho vilivyopo ili kutumiwa na mimea na vijidudu
vipi katika udongo vyaweza kuishi. Kwa kijumla
virutubisho vingi katika udongo umumunyika (na hivyo
basi huwa tayari kuchukuliwa na mimea) katika udongo
wenye acidi ikilinganishwa na usio na chochote au
uliona chokaa.
Hata hivyo, ikiwa udongo una acidi nyingi sana, bakteria
haziwezi kuishi na jambo hili litaathiri kutenganishwa
kwa viumbe hai. Udongo wa juu mwingi ulio mzuri huwa
na PH ya kati ya 5.5 na 7.5 na huwa na rangi ya giza.
Udongo wenye rutuba ni upi?
Udongo wenye rutuba ni uliopo na virutubisho
vinavyohitajika ili mimea kuishi kwa wingi.
• Virutubisho vya kimsingi: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
• Virutubisho vya sekondari: sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Virutubisho vinavyotakikana kwa kiwango kidogo:
iron, manganese, boron, chlorine, zinc, copper,
molybdenum, nickel
Mikakati ya kuboresha rutuba ya udongo
• Fikiria kuongeza naitrojeni ( iliyopo katika mbolea
ya kijani iliyotokana na mimea inayoweka naitrojeni
udongoni) na Phosphorus ( iliyopo kama Rock
phosphate).
• Kusanya na utumie kinyesi na mikojo ya mifugo
yako. Hii ni bora zaidi ikiwa katika mbolea
iliyotengenezwa katika shimo. Vyanzo safi huwa na
ammonia nyingi zaidi (ambayo hudhuru mimea)
na vyaweza kuwa na vijidudu vingi zaidi (vijidudu
vinavyoleta magonjwa). Mbolea iliyotengenezwa
katika shimo huwa na wadudu wachache. Ikiwa
utatumia mbolea isiyokauka, tumia kidogo na ukae
kwa muda wa miezi miwili kabla ya kuweka tena.
• Ongeza viumbe hai kupitia kutengeneza mbolea
kama ilivyoelezwa hapa chini
• Tumia njia bora zaidi za kilimo hai kama ilivyoelezwa
katika makala ya hapo nyuma:
o Mzunguko wa mimea
o kulima mimea tofauti pamoja
o Kilimo mseto
o Planting leguminous cover crops Kupanda
mimea ya kufunika ardhi inayoongeza
naitrojeni udongoni
o Kuacha mashamba yakiwa hayajapandwa
misimu mingine
o o Kufunika ardhi kwa mimea
o Kutumia mashimo ya kilimo hai
o Kupunguza mmomonyoko wa udongo
unaosababishwa na maji kwa kupanda miti,
kuchimba mitaro
• Fikiria kupanda pamoja Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan),
Dolichos lablab, Mucuna pruriens, Crotalaria,
Canavalia.
• Fikiria kuongeza jivu kwani lina madini ya calcium
na potassium carbonate kwa wingi.
• Ongeza chokaa (lime) iwapo wajua udongo wako
una acidi kali
• Ni bora zaidi usiongeze virutubisho vingine
(isipokuwa vilivyopo katika mbolea) kabla ya
kupima udongo kwanza ili kuona ni virutubisho
na madini vinahitajika.
• Kuna wakati mwingine unahitajika kuongeza
mbolea ya viwandani. Tumia kama ilivyoelekezwa
na uulizie nizipi ni ni nzuri kwa mazingira ya eneo
lako kupitia kupata ushauri kutokana na
wasimamizi wa kilimo wako
TIST: Rutuba ya udongo.
KISWAHILI VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
Kutengeneza mbolea ya majani
Mboleo ya majani ni mbolea ya kiasilia ya kusaidia mimea
yako kukua. Ni bora zaidi ya mbolea za viwanda kwani
ni ya kiasili na haina athari za kuumiza mimea na
mazingira. Kuandaa mbolea hii ni moja ya njia zilizo
nyepesi, zenye gharama ndogo na bora zaidi za
kuboresha rutuba ya udongo.
Ni nini hutumika kutengeneza mbolea hii?
• Masali ya mimea, magugu, majani yaliyokauka, mimea
iliyokatwa, kinyezi na mikojo ya mifugo, matandiko
ya mifugo, chakula kilichobaki jikoni kutokana na
matunda na mboga, jivu, makaratasi yaliyokatwa na
mbao nyepesi
• Usitumie nyama, vitu vinavyotokana na mifugo,
mafuta, chuma au plastiki.
Mazoezi ya kijumla yaliyo bora zaidi katika
maandalizi ya mbolea hii:
• Chagua eneo lenye kivuli la kuchimba shimo lako
• Funikia kwa majani ya ndizi au kwa karatasi ya
plastiki
• Nyunyizia maji wakati wa kiangazi.
• Linda dhidi ya mvua (ambao hubeba virutubisho)
• Kama mwongozo wa kijumla, lenga:
o Sehemu moja kwa tatu ‘mimea ya kijani’ (nyasi
iliyokatwa, matunda, mboga, mabaki ya mayai,
mabaki ya mbegu za mafuta, magugu, mimea)
o Sehemu moja kwa tatu mimea iliyokauka
(majani makavu, nyasi iliyokauka, mabaki ya
mbao, mbao nyepesi na masalamadogo
madogo ya mimea)
o Sehemu moja kwa tatu vitu vizito kama matawi
yaliyokatwa na mabaki makubwa ya mimea.
o Hakikisha unatumia mimea ambayo haina
mbegu, na usitumie mimea iliyo na ugonjwa.
o Weka vitu hivi kwa safu au katika shimo. Hewa
huhitajika kutengeneza mbolea, kwa hivyo
changanya vitu hivi pamoja na usifinyilie chini
• Nyunyizia maji, funika na uache ili vitengane kwa
muda na miezi michache inayofuata. Waweza
kukuchanganya tena kila baada ya wakati.
• Ikiwa mbolea itakuwa yenye kuteleza au inayonuka
jinsi inavyoendelea, yaweza kuwa na maji mengi
sana au kuwa na mimea ya kijani mingi sana. Ongeza
mimea iliyokauka ili likionekana na uchanganye.
• Jaribu kuhakikisha masala yako yapo tayari
kuchanganywa, kuwekewa maji, kufunikwa na
kuachwa kwa miezi miwili au mitatu kabla ya msimu
wa mvua kuanza ili mbolea iwe tayari wakati wa
kupanda.
• Mbolea yafaa kuwa ya rangi ya kahawia na yenye
kuvunjika kwa urahisi inapokuwa tayari. Waweza
kutenganisha mboleo iliyo na vipande vidogo
vidogo na ile yenye vikubwa vikubwa, na kurudisha
yenye vipande vikubwa shimoni ili iwe tayari wakati
utakaofuata.
Baadhi ya vikundi vya TIST hutumia njia maalum zaidi
ambayo waliiona kuwa yenye ufanisi. Wameeleza
mchakato huo hapa chini:
Hatua za Maandalizi ya mboleo zinazotumika
na baadhi ya vikundi katika TIST:
1) Chagua eneo lenye upana wa mita nne na urefu
wa mita nne la kuchimba shimo lako la taka
2) Fagia sehemu hiyo
3) Chimba shimo la mduara lenye upana wa mita tatu
au nne na mita moja na nusu kina.
4) Kusanya masala yote ya mimea uliyo nayo na
uyakate kuwa sehemu ndogo ndogo (kwa mfano
majani na mashina ya mahindi, mtama, maharagwe)
5) Weka masala haya ya mimea katika shimo ilo hadi
kina cha nusu mita.
6) Halafu ongeza lita tano za jivu
7) Halafu uongeze centimita thelathini (ama kiwango
kiliopo) za kinyesi cha mifugo (kwa mfano kinyesi
cha nguruwe, ng’ombe, mbuzi au kuku).
8) Ongeza safu nyingine ya majani ya mimea na
mashina (nusu mita)
9) Ongeza lita zingine tano za jivu.
10) Ongeza majani na mashina tena hadi shimo likaribie
kujaa.
11) Hatimaye, ongeza safu ya udongo hadi shimo lijae.
12) Unapokuwa ukiweka udongo shimoni, ingiza fimbo
ndefu katikati mwa shimo hadi ifike chini ya shimo.
13) Liache shimo la taka kwa miezi mitatu (siku tisini).
14) Katika kipindi hiki tumia maji yako machafu kuweka
katika shimo hili. Kwa mfano, baada ya kuosha nguo
au nyumba, yamwage maji uliyotumia juu ya shimo.
Ikiwa una mifugo waweza pia kumwaga mikojo ya
mifugo juu ya shimo.
15) Jaribu kuweka maji kila siku kwa njia hii, ama wakati
maji yapo.
16) Baada ya siku tisini mbolea itakuwa tayari. Tumia
fimbo kama kipima joto – mbolea inapokuwa tayari
lazima iwe na joto na waweza kuona mvuke ukitoka
kwa fimbo hiyo baada ya kuitoa.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kikamba Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Uvoo munene: TIST kusakuwa kwithiwa neyo nzeo kwa walany’o wa nzeve itavisaa
(Carbon) nthi yonthe. Page 2
TIST: Kutema miti ngulutu yoothe ila nitalikite nthini wa TIST ni ikosa inene nundu
nuuvitya kwialana wiw’ano na walany’o wa TIST na nyumba sya ngilini sya nzeve. Ni
iumiasya memoko maseo ma makili ma aimi maTIST. Page 3
Walany’o wa TIST kisioni kya Igembe. Page 4
TIST: Unou wa muthanga. Page 5
Inside:
KIKAMBA VERSION 2
AIMI MA NIMA NINI KUIKIITHYA NIMATONYA
KWAILYA MAWITHYULULUKO MOO NA
KUTETHEESYA IKONYO INYA
SYA NTHI KWAILA.
TULSA, Oklahoma, U.S.A. kwi matuku 30/06/2014
TIST ila ni (The International Small Group and Tree
Planting Program) nimasakuiwe kwithiwa nemo
mambee nduniani mena walany’o museo wa
kwailya mawithyululuko nthi yothe usakuani ula
weekiwe ni Environmental Finance. Kumanyikana
kuu kula kwanyuviweni asomi na maprovesa nthini
wa soko ya nzeve itavisaa nthi yothe, imoolotile
moseo ala aimi ma TIST makwataa kumanan na
kuthukuma vamwe kuvandani kwa miti na kiana
vamwe na kumayiany’a iulu wa mawalanyo maseo
undu wa kwailya mathayu moo.
Environmental Finance ni kisese kinyaiikasya
na kunengane mawoni kwa nzia ya internet ila
mambiie unengane livoti syoo kuma mwaka wa
1999 iulu wa kwambiia undu wa kwikalauendee,
ukwati wa ngilini, andu na kambuni ila syiyumitye
undu wa mawithyululuko. TIST niyo yambee
kwambiia kumanyikana ni ngwatanio ino ikwitwa
Environmental Finance.
TIST ni nima ya liu, uvandi wa mi, kwiana na
kuta nzeve itavisaa ila yina wia wayo Kenya, India,
Uganda na Tanzania. TIST niyambiie na aimi anini
ala mavandie miti kusiia muthanga kukuwa na
kwailya mathayu moo vamwe na kwithiwa na liu
wa kwiana. Meko moo methiitwa maialyula vala
mai, nthi syoo na nthi yonthe mawithyululuko
makasenzya nundu wakwithiwa kutemwa kwa miti,
kwaa ka mithemba ya tene, na nzeve kukeuka.
“Makukathiia nthini wa wailu wa walany’o uu
ni aimi ma Tist” Niw’o Ben Hennek ula ni umwe
wa ambiia ma TIST. “ Aimi aya nimo makolanasya
mbindi na ngii sya miti kivathukany’o makaseuvya
ivuio, makavanda na kumisuvia miti ona ivinda yila
kumu kana mbua ne mbingi, makamisuvia indo na
nyamu
kwananga nginya ikena.Aimi ma TIST ni andu amwe
ma kuthuthya muno. Nimeyoneaa na kwikanthiia
undu wa vaita ula makwataa kuma miti mathayuni
moo na mawithyululukoni. Muthinzio uyu
niwaumanyithya na kwinanya wia woo museo ula
mekite na aimi mbee wa 70,000 ala mavandite miti,
makataana na kuolelanila umanyi, kusyaiisya kuvikia
usyao na kutethya aimi angi”.
“Kwengwa kwa miti isioni sya Topical ni
kimwe kati ka ila iseuvitye nzeve itavisaa kuma
munduni, na aimi anini ni amwe kati wa aimi ala
methiitwe maikwata wasyo kumana na uvinduku
wa nzeve”, Henneke niwaendeeie na kuweta.“Kwa
myaka 14 iveti na aume aingi na aingi moo nimoosie
itambya ya kutungiia miunda yoo kwa kuvanda miti
na kwailya itheka sya mbai syoo. Kwa kuthima undu
miti yianite na kuseuvya ingi myeu undu wa “nima
ya useuvya mbesa syinekee kwa menyenyi” (“virtual
cash crop”) ila ni carbon offsets. Nzeve itavisaa
yateewa kambuni, ngwatanio na andu ala
mendaakuthuthya kithito kya aimi ma TIST”.
Nzeve itavisaa kuma India, Kenya na Uganda
nikunikilawa/kuthianwa na kuvitukithya kuvika
kiwango kya Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) na
Climate, Community & Biodiversity(CCB) kila
kivamwe na kiwango kya “Thaavu”. “kutewa kwa
nzeve ya katikati na kiwango kya TIST yu
nikikwatitwe mbau vyu isioni ila syivo na kuendeea
kuete vaita kwa myaka 25-30 yukite” Henneke
niwawetie. “Kwa kuendeea kuthathaa,
nitukuendeea na kwailya wiko uu wa kwiyikalya.
Ithagu ya 2 kwa 2
Aimi ma TIST nimonanitye kwa kutumia nzia
nzau sya nima undu wa kuvanda mithemba
kivathukany’o ya miti, kutumia maiko meu mausuvia
mwaki kuua, kutumia nzia nzeo sya kwikalya uima
wa mii ni kwithiitwe na uthyo na vaita munene kwa
misyi yoo nthini wa ukwati na uima woo. Nthini
wa ukunikili ula uneekiwe omituki wionanya kana
mauseo ala aimi makwataa kwisila walany’oni uyu
nimaingi kwi kila kyatumikie kwambiia walany’o
uyu.
Henneke niwongelile kwasya, “nitweethiiwe
na wiw’ano wa ngwatanio na USAID KENYA kwa
ilungu ya myaka itano mivitu kwoondu wa uyaiikya
Tist kwa aimi aingi Kenya, munamuno iveti na yiika,
ala matonya useuvya moseo maingi kwoo ene, kwa
kwailya kila mwikalo wa kila mbai na kiw’u vamwe
na kusuvia mititu.
Utethyo wa USAID nthini wa Kenya
niwatethisye nthi ila ingi syi nthini wa walany’o uyu
wa TIST ila syithiawa na walany’o museo na
kumanyiany’a muimi kwa ula ungi ula ni undu wa
Uvoo munene: TIST kusakuwa kwithiwa neyo nzeo
kwa walany’o wa nzeve itavisaa (Carbon) nthi yonthe.
KIKAMBA VERSION 3
mbiie vaa Kenya. Tist yionany’a kwailya isio ila
tukwikala na mawithyululuko ma ikonyo inya sya
nthi nikuseuvasya nzia nzau sya kuete ukwati na
mavuso maseo. Twina eka mbee wa mbilioni imwe
ila syanangingite na syikwenda utungiiwa, TIST
niyonanitye kana kuseuvya “ndivi ya kuthukuma
mawithyululuo” (Payments for Environmental
Service) kwa imi nikutonya utuma kula kwi nyumba
sya ngilini ila sumasya nzeve thuku uoleka kwa
mituki na ingi kutuma ataalamu mamantha nzia ingi
ila itekumya nzeve itavisaa mbingi ila ni muvango
umwe wa kusyaiisya uime na kuiikithw’a.
Charlie Williams, ula ni munini wa musumbi
wa ngwatanio ya itambya ya nzeve theu (Clean Air
Action Corporation (CAA), nimawetie uu, “kwa
myaka ikumi na ina mithelu nitwithiitwe na kusisya
maundu atatu ala ni: Mbee Kwina aimi eu mailika
nthini wa TIST kwailya mathayu moo kwa kwiyumya
na kithito kyoo. Keli CAAC kwithiwa itonya
kusyaiisya nakwina uw’o na kyenini kwona
nimanengane usyao waw’o. Kya katatu Kithimi kyoo
kyaw’o ni kyaaka nzia nzau ya ueti ka aimi”. Twi
May 2011 muvango wa TIST wai wambee nduniani
kuminukiliilya sativiketi sya VCS na CCB nayu
nimaminite kwa mavinda 14.Williams niwongelile
na kwasya “Twina utanu kwithiwa na athooa ala
mekuelewa maana ma kuua nzeve itavisaa kwa TIST
kwa nzia ya kutethya mundu. Eli ma aui maitu ni
Carbon Neutral Company na Microsoft ila isindite
kwoondu wa ndivi ya mawithyululuko
(Environmental Finance). Kambuni ya Carbon
Neutral Company niyo yasindie kwithiwa yi nzeo
kwa kuua kuma muimi na Microsoft ya kuniwa kula
kwithiwa neyo nzeo kwa kwambiia u walany’o. TIST
niyiendee na kwikuna kundu na kuthathaa nundu
kwina aimi aimngi me kwenda ulika nthini wayo.
Twiite usyaiisyoni kwona nitwavikia kwithiwa na
ukwati utaonya kuvikia mawendi ma imi asya na
kwongela vaita wa TISTkwoondu wa useo wa
uvinduku wa nzeve”
Mwai muthelu nitwa neenanisye iulu wa miti
kutemwa yonthe yila twai na semina ya GOCC twi
Gitoro mwai wathathatu, itina wa kutania wiw’ano
wa TIST- USAID wa myaka itano kwithiwa wina
wailu.
Mwai uyu nitukumulilikany’a oili iulu wa uzoo
na mawoni ma aimi ma Tist undu wa kutema miti
ute kwenga.Utongoi wa kanzu ya TIST niwa sakuie
Charles Ibeere (0720 474209) kuthukuma kwa
vakuvi na atongoi ma ngwatanio(cluster), GOCC
na aimi ma tist kusisya undu uu.
Ni useo kumanya kana kondulakiti ya nzeve
ya nyumba sya ngilini (Green House Gas) ila aimi
othe maTIST me nthini ya kwikalya miti kwa ivinda
iasa. Wiw’ano uu niunengae muimi uthasyo wa
kuola miti ila ithengeani, kunzea ngava kwa ngu na
kutema miti kilio kya 5% kwa miti a kikundi kila
mwaka yila miti yavitukya myaka ikumi kana
mbeange.
Mwiao uyu ni wavata nundu kuendeea
kwithiwa nthini wa soko wa nzeve itavisaa.Aui ma
nzeve ino nimekwenda kuikiithw’a kana miti ila
mekuuia nzeve itavisaa yivo. Vala aimi matemanga
miti, muui wa nzave ino itavisaa nuleaa kumauia
nundu aasyaa nukwasya. Kii nikyo kitumi kwa
itambya ya muimi umwe kutemanga miti yikutuma
aimi angi matist matauiwa nzeve yoo nundu wa
kwithiwa ula wikite uu e ngwatanioni yoo kana
kikundini kyoo.
Ingi muimi ukutema miti yake yoothe no ethiwe
anakwataa ndivi, umanyisyo wa tist na ithangu ya
Mazingira
Bora. Muimi uyu nutumaa ngalama yake itwawa
kwa ala me ngwatanioni/kikundini kimwe nake
kwoou
uyithia niwamanenga ngalama iteyoo.
Ta ulilikany’o iulu wa matambya kuma GOCC kunia
Charles (0720 474 209) iulu wa:-
a) Leleelo kuma imini ma ngwatanio ingi undu
wa itambya yila yaile osewa ula watemanga
miti yake atekuatiia walany’o wa TIST
b) Undu muimi usu utemangite miti yake ukuiva
imi ala angi kwa wasyo ula meukwata kuma
kwa viasala wa nzeve itavisaa.
TIST: Kutema miti ngulutu yoothe ila nitalikite
nthini wa TIST ni ikosa inene nundu nuuvitya
kwialana wiw’ano na walany’o wa TIST na nyumba
sya ngilini sya nzeve. Ni iumiasya memoko maseo
ma makili ma aimi maTIST.
KIKAMBA VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Ithyi, aimi ma TIST kuma Igembe South twina utanu
kutunga livoti iulu wa kila tuvikiiite kumana na
kwithiwa
twi amemba ma TIST. Tuvikiite aya:-
1. Nitukwataa umanyisyo kila mwai kuma kwa
atongoi maitu ma Tist na tukakwata ithangu ya
Mazingira Bora. Kii nikituteesye kwongela
nima yitu ya mbemba, matunda na maliu angi.
Nitumanyite undu tutonya uvanga miunda yitu
kuvikia usyao mwingi, kusuvia muthanga,
kwongela unou muundani na ingi nima ya
kusuvia (CF) vamwe na kuseuvya vuu wa yiima.
2. Aimi ala matiniie usi nimamanyite iulu wa
uvanda miti ithengeanie nguumoni sya mbusi.
Undu uu nutumitwe twithiwa na kiw’u kitheu
ivinda yonthe kwa kutumia musyo na indo situ.
Ingi nikusuvia itheka situ kumana na kukuwa
kwa muthanga.
3. Walany’o wa TIST iulu wa utongoi wa
kithyululu na ukuatiia mivea yothe mundu muka
na munduume kwithiwa matonya utoingosya
undu ula ualyulite mesilya ma aingi kisioni iulu
wa utongoi. Iveti, aume na yiika mena ivuso
yianene kukwata mwanya wa utongosya,
kwonany’a utuika woo, na kwithiw’a matonya
kunengeleanilya umanyi ula menaw’o iulu wa
utongoi na inengo kivathukany’o. Ingi kii
nikietae ieleelo kivathukany’o ila itonya
utumika kwiyiendeesya na kwiana kwa
ngwatanio.
4. Uthuthio kuma mitini ya TIST nitetheesye
kuvindua mikalo ya aimi. Nthini wa ikundi na
ngwatanio imwe aimi nimethiitwe matonya
kwika kwia kwa mbesa sya mesani (Table
banking), sangulo, na kwoou kutetheesya
kwongela ueti woo na kwitethya ta aimi.
5. Kutumia kwa maiko ma kusuvia mwaki ma Tist
nikutumite mathayu ma miti mongeleka na
kwithiwa itonya kwiana na kwikala kwa ivinda
iasa nundu ngu iikutumika mbingi. Ingi maiko
aya nimatethetye nundu mayithiawana syuki
kwoou kwongela uima wa mii ya aimi vamwe
na syana syoo na kwithiwa itonya kumatumia
vatena w’ia nundu mena muikiio wa kwithiwa
mataivivya.
Walany’o wa TIST kisioni kya Igembe.
na William Mwito, Muthukumi wa ngwatio ya TIST
KIKAMBA VERSION 5
Muthanga nikyau?
Muthanga nikaseemu ka yiulu ka nthi. Kethiawa na
kiw’u, nzeve, unou, na uthwii wa nthi.
Muthanga useuvaw’a ata?
Mavia mathiana nimo maseuvasya muthanga ula
wendekaa ni miti kumea na kwikala. Ingi miti/mimea
nisyokaa ikongeleelwa muthangani kuseuvya unouc
wa muthanga. Oundu ivia yiendee na kuthiwa
now’o mitiyongelekete na unou wa muthanga
kwaila nukana kiw’u kingi kithiwe kitonya ukwatwa
ni muthanga na kuendeesya miti/mimea kumea na
kwiana.
Niki unou wa muthanga wa vata?
Unou wa muthanga (kaingi useuvitw’e kaingi kuma
kwoani kwa miti/matu) ila yumasya unou mwingi
naw’o uyoswa ni miti ingi nikana yiane. Ingi unou
uyu nutetheeasya tusamu tula twikalaa muthangani
ta yiumbi, mithowe, ngongoo, ing’aui, kukwata liu
nayo iitetheesya muthanga kukwata nzeve nakiw’u
kwikala muthangani.
Nikyau kiamuaa muthemba wa muthanga?
• Nzeve: uvyuvu na uthithu wa vandu na kiw’u
nisyo itetheeasya ivia kuthiwa yila yiseuvasya
muthanga.
• Organisms: tusamu ta bacteria na fungi vamwe
na mithowe, syingolondo na tusamu tula tungi
twikalaa muthangani nitetheeasya muno
kuvulany’a muthanga na ingi kutuma matialyo
ma mimea na matu moa na kuseuvya nzeve ya
nitrogen ila yikiawa muthangani ni bacteria
yitawa rhizobium.
• Utheeu wa vandu: (topograpohy) ethiwa vandu
ni vatheeu niw’o muthanga wavo ukuawa na
mituki na kutheew’a syandani.
• Muthemba we via: Undu ivia yila yithiikite
yiilye.
• Mwikalo wa mundu: undu twatumia muthanga
na kuusuvia nikuutumuma unou wa muthanga
ueleeka.
Ingi muthanga ula winaw’o uamuawa ni kithangathi,
mututu na yumba yila yiuseuvitye. Ve ivisa yi ithangu
yila yiatiie yiukwony’a uaaniku wa muthanga. Uvinyu
wa muthanga na undu uaanikite nuamuaa undu mii
ya muti ikulika muthangani na undu kiw’u kitonya
kwikala muthangani.
Niki asiti kana PH ya vata?
Muthanga kwithiwa wina asiti mbingi kana wi alkali
kii niamuaa undu miti ukumya unou muthangani na
ni tusamu twau kana bacteria itonya kwikala
muthangani usu. Kaingi monou maingi ma muthanga
nimethiawa matonya uvikia mimea/miti malika
kiw’uni yila memuthangani wina asiti mbingi kwi
ula wikatikati kana muthithu ute asiti.
Onakau muthanga wina aciti mbingi bacteria na
mithowe mingi nditonya kwikala muthangani usu
kwoou kwoa kwa matu/mavuti kutwika vuu uyithia
kwi nthi na kwoou kusisiia kwiana kwa miti. Kaingi
muthanga museo waile ithiwa na PH ya 5.5 kana
7.5 na wimwiu kwa langi.
Muthanga munou niwiva?
Muthanga munou nula wina nutrients syonthe
ilasyikwendeka kwa muti kumea na kwikala.
• Nutrients sya mbee: Nitrogen, Phosphorus na
Potassium
• Nutrients ya keli: Sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Ila syendekaa niini: Iron, manganese, boron,
chlorine, zinc, copper, molybdenum na nickel
PH ya muthanga Nzia sya kwongela unou wa
muthanga
• Ongele Nitrogen kwanzia ya vuu wa ngilini
na phosphorus kwa ivia ya phosphate).
• Kolany’a vuu na maumao ma indo ula withiwa
wi museo waindwa kwi wumite indoni na
nokwithiwa wina tusamu twingi twa
pathogens. vuu uyu useuvaa waindwa vandu
va ivinda ya mai ili.
• Ongela vuu kwa nzia ino yivaa nthi
• Tata utumie nzima ya kusuvia undu uvundiitw’e
nii TIST
• Kukuany’a mimea
• Kuvandanisya
• Kuvanda mitii na liu
• Kuvanda osyindu sya uvwika ta nthooko, na
mboso
• Kutia muunda kwa ivinda
• Kutumia mavuti kuvwika
• Kutumia maima ma nima ya kusuvia
• Kuvanda miti kusiia muthanga kikuwa kana
kwisa mitau, fanya juu Kuvandanisya uitumia
Nzuu, Dolichos Lablab, Macuna Pruriens,
Crotalaria, Canavalia.
Ongela muu ula withiawa na calciulm, potassium
carbonate Ongela lime ethiwa niwisi muthanga
waku wina asiti mbingi
Ti useo kwongela minerals mbiongi eka ila syinthini
TIST: Unou wa muthanga.
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
KIKAMBA VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
wa vuu wa yiima utathimite muthanga ukamanya ni
mineral yiva itevo na ikwendeka.
Ve ivinda yithiawa ukethia no wongelile vuu wa
ndukani yaani vatalisa. Tumia kwiana na uelesyo wa
ala maseuvisye kwianana na kisio kyaku na eka
maovisa ma nima ala me kisioni kyaku mautae iulu
wa w’o.
Kuseuvya vuu wa yiima Vuu wa yiima
niwakuseuvya vate kemikoo na nutetheeasya
mimea kwiana.Withiawa wi museo nundu utumiaa
syindu sya kwimesya itena kemikoo na ndwanangaa
mimea na mawithyululuko. vuu uyu nilaisi kuseuvya
na ndwingalama nene ta wakuua na nimuseo mbee
kwa kwongela unou wa mithanga.
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P O ) Potassium (K O) 2 5 2
Nikyau kitonya utumiwa kuseuvya vuu wa
yiima?
• Makusa/mavuti ma matialyo ma liu kuma
muundani kana matu, usese, kyaa kya ngombe,
maumao ma indo, matialyo ma liu wa andu,
matunda, muu, mboka, mathngangi matilange
na ingi mbingi.
• Ndukatumie nyama, maia, mauta, syuma kana
plastic. Nzia nzeo sya kuseuvya vuu wa yiima
• Inza yiima vandu vena muunyi
• Vwika na matu ma maiiu
• Ngithya na kiw’u yila kute kwiu
• Siia mbua ndikakue unou.
• Atiia matambya aya 1/3 ya ngilini ethiwa ni
matu, nyeki, matunda, yiia kana miti 1/3 Matu
momu kana ma langi wa muthanga (brown) ta
mavemba, makusa, mutu wa musumeno etc
1/3 syindu ngito ta ngava ndilange Ikiithya
watumia kiko kya miti/mimea itanamba usyaa
Nzeve niyendekaa kuseuvya vuu kwoou
ikiithya niwavilany’a nisa na nduvinyiie muno
vena nzeve.
Ikala uinginya, uvwikite na kueka vandu va myai
kauta nikana yooe na ilikana nesa Woona
yambiia uyunga muno veonany’a wikiite kiw’u
kingi kana matu ma ngilini nimmo maingi
kwoou ongela syindumbumu ta matu,
mavemba, makusa na uivulany’a. Tata withiwe
na syindu sya uvulany’a na kueuvya vuu tayali
mwai ta ili kana itatu mbee wa mbua kwambiia
nikana utumie ivindani ya mbanda. Vuu uyu
waile ithiwa ulyi muthanga(brown) na
ulekanitye wavya. No usunge vuu uyu kumywa
ikuli ila itaneevya na uitungia yiimani iendee
uvya.
Ikundi imwe sya tist syithiitwe iitumia nzia ino yivaa
nthi kuseuvya vuu wa yiima nundu kwasyo yithiitwe
yi nzeo useuvya vuu wa yiima kwa ikundi imwe sya
TIST:-
1) Kusakua kisio kya matambya 4 x 4m na kwisa
yiima
2) Enga kisio
3) Inza yiima uthathau wa 3-4m na 1.5uliku
4) Kolany’a matialyo ma mavemba, muvya, mavoso
na uitilanga tulungu tuniini
5) Ikia yiimani itumie uliku wa 0.5m
6) Ikia muu wa lita itano
7) Ongela kyaa kya indo ethiwa kivo kya uliku
wa 30cm
8) Ongela matu na makusa uliku ungi wa 0.5m
9) Ikia muu ungi wa lita itano
10) Ongela matu na makusa withie yiima
notayausua
11) Ususya yiima na muthanga
12) Uyususya yiima ikia muti muasa kati withie
utinite yiimani ungu.
13) Eka yiima yiu yiyiue vandu va myai itatu kana
mithenya miongo kenda
14) Ivindani yii yonthe osaa kiw’u kila kina kiko
uketa vo ngelekany’o kila wavua nakyo kana
kuthambya miio. Ethiwa wina maumao ma
indo no wite vo.
15) Tata navinya ungithye yima yii kila muthenya
kwa nzia ila utonya.
16) Itina wa mithenya miongo keenda vuu wiithiwa
wi tayali. Tumia muti uyu wikati ta kithimi kya
uvyuvu. Vuu wasuva ukeethiwa wimuvyu na
nowone muti uuyu waumya uitoa.
Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501
August 2014 Newsletter
Mazingira Bora
An Environmental, Sustainable
Development and Community Forestry
Program.
Not for sale
www .tist.org
Kipsigis Version
GOCC Seminar held on June 2-4, 2014 at Gitoro Conference Center.
Ngalek cheechen: Kigororchinge TIST asentab koristo (Carbon) en tetatb ngwony
komugul. Page 2
TIST tiletab ketik en imbarekab TIST ko moiboru kit negararan amun mogitegis
tolochigab TIST ak koyonchinet ne kigeyai oak ghg. Page 3
Tetetab TIST en Igembe. Page 4
TIST okwoindab ngungunyek. Page 5
Inside:
KIPSIGIS VERSION 2
MENGIK CHE TEMIK KOTINYE KAYANET KOLE
WOLE OLE MENYE AK KOTORET NGWONDET.
Tulsa, oklohoma, usa 30th June, 2014 –
korurugutik chemengen che minetab ketik (TIST)
ko kikoborchigei asanet en tetetab tai en segeetab
nguony mwoe toretikab chebkondok cheb
tolonchin itondab emet. Kinyak anyun initon en
chemungarainikab koristo en nguwony, kiitok amun
kinyot ketunoik chechang temikab TIST en
korurugutietab minetab ketik kotestai konyor
sobet.
Mwoe anyun tononikab itondab emet
ngalechu ak kerik chegiginam en 1999 asikomwaita
tononet kombunisiek ak biik chetinye boisionik en
itontab mungaret TIST ko netai en tesetabtai
netogunot eng toretikab chebokondok.
Tist ko temik, minikab ketik, tigikab emet ak
mungaretab koristo netesetai eng Kenya, India,
Tanzania ak Uganda. Tesetai tist eng korurugutik
chetononchin temik che kole ketik imbarenikwak
kotoreten sobenywan ak konyor omitogik.
Iborugei boisionik eng biik ak eng emet kou
wegetab osnet, wegetab timwek ak waletab
burgeyet en emet.
“Eng kenyit nebo tuguchu tugul en bandab
tai kobo temikab TIST wolutik chu,” mwoe ben
henneke, ne konomintetab TIST., “temik chuton
koyumi keswekab ketik koyai kabotisiet, komin
ketik, ago rib kosobcho en kemeusiek, maranet ak
korib en tuga, nego ak tiongikab timin. Tinye
temikab TIST kogiletabge en mugulelwekwak.
Boiboechin ichek kelunoik chebo ketik chesobtos
en ole menye. Togu boisiet neui missing ne kigoyai
temikab tist chesire 70000 chegigomin ketik, che
iyomtos kobwotutik, cheribe wolutik ak kotoret
temik alak.”
“En emet neo missing burgeiyet ko agenge
chegonu wegtab koristo neo missing (CO2
) ago
niton knyorunen temik chemengech kewelnatet
amun eetu missing burgeyetab emet (kemeut).”
Mwoe henneke. En taman ak angwan (14) che kisito
ek murenik ak kwonyikab tist ko kigoyom koib
kokwout en teretab tiletab ketik ak korib chetinye
en imbarenikwak ak chebo boror, en ribetab
ketikwak ko kigotoo ole nyorunen melekwek en
oliyetab koristo, korisiton kiyoitechi kobunisiek,
toretik ak biik chemoche kogochi kimnotet
temikab TIST.
Oligab koristo koyob inda, kenya ak uganda
komiten segeik chebo (VCS) ak chebo (CCB)
koboto “Gold Level” icheget ko oltoik che olto
kayumanikab koristo ago tesetai kogoito melekwek
en kenyisiek 25-30 mwoe henneke, ak kotoreti
chebkondok chebo tesetabtai en TIST.
Page 2 of 2
Tinye koborunet temik yeboisien koletab minutik
minetab ketik cheter boisitab maisiek ak ribetab
tilindo, nyorunen melekwek che chutu kogochin
kotestai tetet kotes henneke kole kigetebi ak usaid
kenya en kenyisiek mut asi konyor kenya kotesak
Ngalek cheechen: Kigororchinge TIST asentab
koristo (Carbon) en tetatb ngwony komugul.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 3
Kingalalen biik chegimiten tuiyetab gocc en komolo
june 2014 ye kigiba igorto negibo koyometabgei
tist ak usaid en kenyisiek mut.
En arawani ketinye kabwata noton asi kemwochin
temik kelenchin magararan noton en TIST, en
betunoton kelewen charles ibeere (0720474209)
korib ak korigi kondoikab kilasta gocc ak temik asi
komwata agobo niton.
Bogonut neo kibwate agobo koyochinenyo ak ghg
nebo minetab ketik chebo kasarta negoi tinye temik
chomchinet ko choror ak kotil temenik, agotil 5%
en kurubit ago ketik chetinye kenyisiek 10 magat
niton amun moiyoni chemungarainik ketil ketit ne
sobe amun bose koristo, agot komogirib niton
kogochin temik chechang asent amun monyoru
melekwak.
Ogibwat kele chito negayai kounoton kogochin
korubit asi kowegta rabisiechon amun kiginet, kigiiti
ketik, ak nyoru en kila arawa gosetit, chi negenyoru
iyote youtionon kwo (0720 474 209)
a) Ogemwochigei en tuiyosi kab kilasta agobo
niton.
b) Chito negayai kounoton koyoche kurubit asi
mo kitononsi kurubin en mungaretab koristo
TIST, mising ko kwonyik ak nerank asi kotoo ak
konyor kelunoik icheget, korib timwek ak beek,
ak korib osnosiek, usaud en kenya kokinyor toretet
kou emotinuwek alk mising kingonam temik
kobchei agobo minetab ketik, kinyo temikab
kelunoik ak kobit boroinuek chebo boisionik, ole
moche imbaret nebo million agenge hectares ole
kigonoren, kelibonchi chebo minetab ketik asi
komuch kobos koristo neya en soet.
Charlie william, vice president of clean air
action corporation (CAAC) komwa kole “ en
kenyisiek 14 che kigosirto ko kigitinye kobwatutik
somok netai, temik che miten tist kogitoo sobet
ne kararan en kogilenyuan bogei, nebo oeng caac
kotinye ribet ak keret en oretab imanit ak keret
ne togunot en wolutik, ak nebo somok, konyoruren
icheget melegwek, en kenyitab may of 2011 ko
kogoibelis en nguwony koik netai tetetaib tist,
kingo koyamak anan ko tuyosi vcs ak ccb keret
nenoto ko kerge ak 14 times, kotes william, kiboiboi
en chemungarainik cheingen agobo kororindo ak
mogutikab biik cheole korurugutikab taninisiek
chegonu tist, en chemungarainik chuton oeng ko
wegin kongoi chelomu chepkondokab ribetab
itondap emet, amun kogonyor tist torete kotinye
boroindo ko tigak keret kituosi agobo chepkondok
asi komuch TIST kotes temik asi kowal emet.
TIST tiletab ketik en imbarekab TIST ko moiboru
kit negararan amun mogitegis tolochigab TIST ak
koyonchinet ne kigeyai oak ghg.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 4
Athi Cluster is one of the TIST Clusters that are organizing themselves through table banking.These photos were
taken during their July 2014 month meeting.
Status of TIST Clusters in Igembe
Cluster Groups Trees Next Meeting Last Election Members Groves Area
Ankamia 40 41820 14 Aug 2014 12 Jun 2014 307 306 104.1
Antubochiu 29 25273 15 Aug 2014 17 Jan 2014 176 241 103.7
Athi 17 16187 06 Aug 2014 04 Jun 2014 104 130 88.7
Burimaria 21 20828 04 Aug 2014 05 May 2014 127 183 84.8
Kangeta 26 1815 27 Aug 2014 30 Jan 2014 165 22 6.7
Kawiru MCK 62 30081 01 Aug 2014 06 Jun 2014 499 359 281.7
Kiegoi 17 6856 27 Aug 2014 31 Jan 2014 116 77 32.0
Kiengu 18 11702 05 Aug 2014 06 Apr 2014 138 108 50.2
Maua 38 9783 07 Aug 2014 02 Jan 2014 224 122 43.9
Mutuati 26 2412 23 Aug 2013 18 Apr 2013 163 68 12.9
The above information is also available from www.tist.org or www.tist.org/mobile.
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Echek temikab tist en igembe keboiboenchin tuguk
chegingenyoru en tetetab tist, koboto mogiutien
kele:
1. Kinyoru konetisiet koyob kiboitinikab Kilasta
kinyoru kora kosetisiek en kila arawa, nito
kogonech ketes minutik kou bandek, logoek
ak alak kigenyorunen ole kimuch keriten
imbareni kiyok, keter ngungunyek ak kechob
keturek.
2. Temik che negiten onit kogiginet korib,
koitiyech niton kenyorun beek che kororon
en tuga ak biik.
3. Tolochikab tist ak katoinatet ko kigotorechech
amun tinye age tugul boroindo.
4. Kigotore melekwegab ketik temik chechang
en boisionik chechang kou table banking ak
alak.
5. Kiboisien maisiek cheboisien kwenik che
ngerin kobos anyun koluletab ketik, ak nyorulel
tililinto en korikiyok
Athi kilasta ko agenge en kilasta ne kiumge icheget
agoboisien table banking
Tetetab TIST en Igembe.
By william mwito,TIST cluster servant.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 5
pH of
acidic
peats
pH range of
mineral soils
in humid regions
pH range of
mineral soils
in arid regions
Highly
alkaline
soils
pH 3 pH 4 pH 5 pH 6 pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 10
Ngungunye ko nee?
Ngu ngunyek ko kebeberta nebo emet netinye
koristo, beek nunanikab ketik ana ko tiongik ak
kotinye munyuk.
Chebtogei ono ngungunyek?
Bitu murmuranikab koik kotinye munyuk chetoreti
sobetab minutik, kotesin minutik en ngungunyek,
so ye yoose kouni kotesin beek kotuiyo ak kogochi
minutik kobwa.
Amunee asi kobo komonut ngetunonik?
Bo komonut amun yekagonunchi nguwondet
kotinye omitwogik che igochin minutik korut toreti
kora kutik chemiten ngungunyek ak kotoretich
koyomo anan kutuiyo koik agenge.
Nee ne ibesto ngungunye yekinyor?
• Burgeyet, burge burgeiyet ak beek kogochin
koik kobusbusak
• Kutik chang kutik che menye ngowoindet anak
koburucheni ngungunyek anak kogochi nunet
asi kobit emitwogikab minutik
• Ole emet niton anyun kotiyengei ole kiiburto
emet, en tunonok konyumnyum ibetab koik
kosir ole soet
• Uketab nhungunyek niton kotiyengei ole kigi
tounto koik ngungunyek
• Otebetab kimulmet otebetab biik ak ole
koribto ngungunyek asi moibet okwoindo.
Koyometab ngungunye kotingei chongitab ngainet,
menet, ak ole gigitounto, miten anyun koborunet
nebo ngungunyek en pichaini koyomoniton bo
ngungunyek konyumyum en tigikab ketit kosib, ak
koboru beek chemiten,
Amunee asi kobo komonut PH?
Miten anyun ngungunye che tinye munyuk chechang
kot kosir anak niton koweche (PH) ak omitwogikab
minutik, kimuchi ketoretito ono kutik che menye
ngungunye en munyu chuton ko chechang ko
eiyomogei ak beek ko chotos akosigi minutik
omitwogik, ole miten munyuk chechang komosigin
kutik kochanga niton ko gochin nunet kwo
nguwony, ngungunye chegororon kotinye PH
kongeten 5.5 ak 7.5 ago tueen en keret.
Nee okwoindab ngungunyet?
Ngungunyat ne kararan kotinye omitwogik che
igochin sobet minutik
• Omitwogik che tai; nituogen, phosphorus,
potassium
• Chebo oeng; sulphur, magnesium, calcium
• Ak chechang; iron, manganese, boron, chtorine
zinc, copper, molybdenum, nickel
Koguwoutik che kitisin ngungunyek
• Ketesi omitwogik keboisien kegot rurutik che
teche nitrogen
• Keboisien keture chebo tuga ak sogororek
kiruruche asi komumiyo mogiboisien ko
morurio
• Tesin ngetunanikab minutik
• Kegol imbaret ma kibat
• Kemin minutik che besiotin
TIST okwoindab ngungunyek.
KIPSIGIS VERSION 6
• Leguminous crops that are used as green manures or as
mulch provide between 20 to 80 kg N / acre which can be
used by subsequent crops.
• Blood meal/ leather meal 12-15% N. They are applied
directly to the crops.
• Urines from all species contain pure urea (up to 1% N)- It is
not a stupid idea to urinate on the compost heap!
• Poultry manure 8-20 kg N/t
• Pig manure 3-5 kg N/t
• Goat / sheep manure 2-4 kg N/t
• Cattle manures 2-3 kg N/t
• Compost * 1 kg N/t
• Manure teas and plant teas provide easily available nitrogen
and can be used as top dressing or follar feeds.
• Rock Phosphate 20-33%
• Bone meals 12-25%
• Poultry manure 10-25 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-6 kg/t
• Goat/sheep 2.5-4 kg/t
• Cattle manure 2-3 kg/t
• Compost * 4kg/t
• Wood ash 3-7%
• Goat / sheep manure 12 kg/t
• Cattle manure 5-12 kg/t
• Poultry manure 5-12 kg/t
• Compost * 6 kg/t
• Pig manure 3-7 kg/t
• Urines: 1-3 kg/t
• Content of purely vegetative compost. If compost is prepared with
livestock manures, rock phosphate and wood ash, the product will
have higher nutrient contents.
Nutrient contents of manures and composts are highly
dependent on handling and storage and on feed quality!
Nitrogen Phosphorus (P2
O5
) Potassium (K2
O)
• Kemin ketik che moweche minutik ak che
ichugei en kwong kou, robuwonik, chebololet
ak sotonik
• Kemin ketik asi koter ngungunyek
• Miten ketik che tinye ngendek –pigeon
• Kitesin orek tinye (calcium, potassium
carbonate)
• Momeche ketesi komenai anan kotomo ichigil
ngungunyek, karara mising itenyoru chitab
minutik as kuwororun abo noton
Keturek
Keturek ko omitwogikab minutik che kitounen
kinun en kasrta nenin che mogitesi chemical,
motinye weget en minutik, amoweche ngungunyek.
Kitounen nee keturek
• Ngetunonikab minutik, sogek, ak kitage tugul
ne yamat ana ko nyali
• Matiboisien kou bendo, mwanik, chumoinik
anan ko plastic
Ole kimumto
• Lewen ole miten uluwet
• Tugen soge kab itisio/chebebe
• Tumchin beek en kasartab kemeut
• Tekten en robta
Kosibet
• Agenge en somok (minutik che nyolilelen,
susuwek, ingewek, logoek, sorowekatugal
nego ngechinek)
• Agenge en somok sogek che tolilionen
• Agenge en somok ko sogekab ketik
• Ker ile neboisien tuguk cheyachen amun
weche keturek
• Tugul anyun ki nto keringet orit amat igony
amun kimogin koristo en orit
• Igoteb en kasarta nebo orowek asi iburuch
tugul koik agenge
• Ye igas nguunet beo itesi sogek chenyolilen
ak iburuchen
• Ye kainte tuguchuton tugul kou beek igotebi
orowet 2-3 asi iib koba imbar
Miten kosibet ne kigochob temikab tist kou yeisibu
1. Lewen ole itounen keturet 4mx4m
2. Igot tililit yoton
3. Tem keringet 3-4m ak 1.5m orit
4. Iyumchin kayumanik tgugul yoton
5. Rongik kot koit 0.5m
6. Tesin orek che keburuch ak orek
7. Neisibu ites kot goit 30cm ngototokab tuga
anan kobo ngororek
8. Tesin sogek kot korigta konyi
9. Nebo let anyun ite ngungunye kot konyi
10. Rutin keti ne tenten kuwenetab keringet kot
kotiny kel
11. Igo munyo en kasarta betusiek 90
12. Tesin beekab orek 5 litres
13. Tesin sogek ak mobek (0.5m)
14. En kasariton iyumchi beek chon iboisien
imweten ingoroik anan ko keun kot
15. Tumchin beek en betut angetugul yon kobit
beek
16. Ye ibata betusiek 90 ko gorurio keturek
boisien ketit asi koborun mat nemi orit, imuch
iger kabusetab karisto nebunu keringat