TIST Kenya Newsletter - August 2019

August 2019 Newsletter Mazingira Bora TIST is an innovative, time - tested, afforestation program led by the participants Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501 Wiyumiririe Cluster meeting on 17/6/2019. TIST: Seed Collection. Page 2 TIST: Waste Management. Page 6 Small Group Best Practices: Action Steps and Action Planning. Page 6 Inside: August 2019 Newsletter Mazingira Bora TIST is an innovative, time - tested, afforestation program led by the participants. Not for sale www .tist.org English Version ENGLISH VERSION 2 Seed Collection Questions and Answers 1. Which tree species should we grow in our area? The best ones are those growing naturally in the area. TIST particularly encourages fruit and indigenous trees, and others that will remain in the ground for 20 years or more. 2. Are all trees good? Not necessarily! Some may be difficult to control, be poisonous to your animals or use too much water. Choose ones you know will benefit your area.TIST discourages eucalyptus, for example, because planting these trees can reduce the water table. 3. Do trees produce seeds every year? Most trees do, but observe your local trees to be sure. Some may only produce good quality seeds every 2-3 years. 4. Which is a good mother tree to collect seeds from? o Collect seeds from healthy trees that are good seed producers. o Avoid isolated trees - in this case the seed is likely to have been self-pollinated which leads to poorer quality seeds. o Avoid unproductive trees and ones with a bad shape. o It is better to choose a tree in the middle of a healthy group of trees of the same species. Seeds will be higher quality from trees with flowers that are spread out rather than packed closely together. o Collect the seed from different places in the crown of the mother tree to ensure more genetic variation. Source: Robbins, 2004. Selecting a good mother tree for seeds o It is a good idea to collect seeds from at least 30 trees of the same species.This helps ensure there is sufficient genetic diversity. Seed trees should be 50m-100m apart to help get more genetic variation. o The exact type of tree depends on what you want to use the tree for. - For example, good trees for timber are straight, few branches, fast growing, above average height and diameter, resistant to pests. 

- Good trees for fodder should be fast-growing, many branches with multiple stems, and fast growing leaves with the ability to recover after being pruned. - Good fruit trees should obviously have good quantities of healthy fruit, a uniform crown with low branches, fast growing. o Try to choose seeds from a tree growing at the same altitude, climate and soil type as where you want to plant. o Choose a mature tree, not a young one. Mature trees tend to have more seeds and younger trees may produce poorer quality seed. 5. When do we collect the seeds? o Learn the time of the year when the seeds are ripe. o Ask other local people or observe the tree yourself. o Sometimes seeds are ripe when the fruit or pods change color, become dry, or break easily from the branch. Sometimes cones are ready when they change from green to brown. See table at end of the document for examples. TIST: Seed Collection. ENGLISH VERSION 3 o Most seeds are ready for collection when they fall from the tree naturally. o Remember to ensure you have permission to collect the seeds from the tree owners! o When you collect the seeds remember to label your bags and containers with the species name, date of collection and location. 6. How do we collect the seeds? o It is helpful to clear the area around the bottom of the tree first. Many seeds can be collected from the ground. However, wait for the more mature seeds to fall. Seeds left too long on the ground may perish. Inspect the seeds for insect damage. Seed of Tectona grandis (teak), Gmelina arborea (gmelina) and Aleurites moluccana (candlenut) are commonly collected by this method. o The tree can be climbed to collect the seeds, but take care! o Some fruit dry, open and disperse their seeds without falling to the ground.These are hard to collect if the seeds are small. Collect the fruit or pods after they are ripe but before they have split or fallen to the ground.Then dry the fruit or pod in a clean, sheltered place to obtain the seeds. o Some seeds can be knocked from the tree with a long stick. o Try putting a sheet under the tree and gently shaking the tree. o For tall trees a simple tool can be made by attaching one end of a pair of shears to a long, strong stick.

The other handle can be attached to a rope. o Note that some seed species cannot be collected from the ground and have to be collected as wildlings. These are newly germinated seedlings found growing under mature trees.These can be transplanted to pots in your nursery. This is often the best method for trees that are hard to grow in a nursery or whose seeds are hard to collect. o All seeds must be removed from their fruit or pods.This can be done by hand, or by putting the fruit/pod in the sun and waiting for it to dry and split. 7. How can we tell if the seed is good? o Firstly look at the seed and discard ones that are smaller, lighter or a different color than the others. Insects may have damaged some of the seeds. o Take a sample of seeds to cut into and inspect the inside for maturity and pest damage. o For some hard-coated species floating in water is a good test. Normally the good seed sinks and the bad seed floats (since dead embryos and insect damage causes air pockets). o With some seeds you can separate by blowing/ winnowing/sieving to remove the lighter ones. Cluster Name: Tree Name Seed Description Local collection point Collection method Storage method Pre-treatment method Sowing method ENGLISH VERSION 4 o You can do a simple germination test. Take a small counted number of seeds (20-100). Do any pre-treatment needed. Put the seeds on a damp cloth in a bowl. Cover with another fold of the cloth, moisten it thoroughly and put in a warm (not hot) place. Check the seeds daily for signs of germination and keep the cloth moist.When germination begins keep a record of the day and number. The test usually lasts about two weeks depending on the species. Germination of over 50% means you have good seed. Small-seeded species having only 5% germination are still worth keeping. 8. Do we plant or store the seeds? o Some seeds do not store well and should be planted straight away (especially soft, fleshy seeds, fruit tree seeds or seeds with high oil content). For seeds with harder coats, the basic rule is to keep the seed clean, dry and cool. o Seeds should be removed from the fruit/cone and dried thoroughly. To dry the seeds put them in the sun for 2-3 days. o Storing in a paper bag or metal container out of the sun is good (avoid plastic bags as this makes the seed sweat and rot). Make sure the container is clean and airtight. o Label the container with the name of the seeds and the collection date and location. o Remember that the germination ability of the seeds will decrease with time. If seeds have been stored for too long they may expire. 9. Do all seeds germinate? o The percentage of seeds, which germinate, varies greatly between species. Some seeds require some form of pre-treatment.This will be covered in the February MB. o When you are collecting seeds remember that some die in storage, some die in the nursery, and some die when transplanted. So factor this into your planning when considering the number of seeds your group needs to collect. 10. How do we plant the seeds? o Some seeds that germinate readily can be sown directly into the field or into pots. Species that require special conditions to germinate are sown into a seedbed first. o The time taken for germination depends on the seed type, the temperature, the amount of water available and the age of the seed.

 o Generally sowing is done just before the rainy season starts. o As a general guide for direct sowing, seeds should be planted at a depth of two to three times their diameter and should be covered firmly with soil.The soil should then be kept moist. o Details on seedbeds are given in a separate training unit. 11. Do seedlings grow only from seeds? o Some tree species produce root suckers (young plants growing from the mother plant’s roots).These can be cut and transplanted. o Cuttings can be taken off a young tree branch with at least three nodes or buds. Choose a long, healthy branch and make a clean, angled cut. Strip off the leaves. Plant the cutting into soil at least two nodal lengths deep, with at least one exposed. Keep it watered until sprouting occurs. Seedlings grown in this way will have the same characteristics as the parent tree and can be useful for making sure a productive fruit tree is grown. Cluster Meeting Exercise At your Cluster Meeting, split the participants into groups of 6-10 people. Ask each group to pick a tree species that is good for TIST – long-term and beneficial to the environment. Remind the groups to pick a leader and co-leader. The task is to get the following information for each tree species: - Name of tree - Description of seeds - A good local place to find the seeds - Method of collecting the seeds - Method of storage - Method of pretreatment - Method of sowing Give people ten minutes to do the task, then ask each group to report back. Please record the information in your exercise book and bring it to the next training session. You may find it helpful to use a table like this: A table of information on seed collection for selected species. Botanical name Colour of mature fruit Seed Extraction and cleaning (Related details) Acacia mangium Dark brown to black Fruits are placed in a sack and lightly beaten. Seeds are winnowed. Aleurites moluccena Yellowish-brown (and fallen) Fruits are pressed or lightly beaten and then washed and dried. Alstonia scholaris Brownish-yellow Fruits are dried under shaded until they open and seeds are extracted. Seeds are winnowed. Anacerdium occidentale Reddish-yellow Seeds are removed from fleshy fruits and dried. Azadirachta indica Yellowish-green Fruits are hand-squeezed. Seeds are washed and then dried. Calamus manan Brownish-yellow Fruits are rubbed together to remove the outer skin and then washed. Calliandra Calathyrsus Dark-brown (and dry) Pods are placed in a sack and lightly beaten. Seeds are winnowed. Canarium Ovatum Black (and fallen) Fruits are pressed or lightly beaten and then washed and dried. Dalbergia latifolia Dark-brown Pods are crushed. Seeds are winnowed. Dyera costulata Brown (and easy to snap) Fruits are dried until they open and seeds are extracted. Seeds are winnowed. Enterolobium cyclocarpum Dark-brown Pods are crushed and beaten until the seeds are extracted. Seeds are washed and then dried. Eucalyptus urophylla Dark brownish-green Fruits (capsules) are dried until they open and seeds are extracted. Seeds are sieved to separate chaff and other debris. Eusideroxylon zwageri Yellow Fruits are soaked and then rubbed to remove flesh. Seeds are washed and dried. Fagraea fragrans Dark-brown Fruits are rubbed over a sieve until seeds are separated. Seeds are sieved again and winnowed. 

Gliricidia sepium Yellowish-brown Pods are placed in a sack and lightly beaten. Seeds are winnowed. Gmelina arborea Yellow-green (and fallen) Fruits are placed in sack and lightly beaten. Seeds are washed to remove the pulp and then dried. Hopea mengarawan Light brown (and fallen) Wings are removed from seeds. Intsia bijuga Yellowish-green Fruits are dried until they open and seeds are extracted. Seeds are winnowed. Leucaena leucocephala Yellowish-brown Pods are crushed. Seeds are winnowed. Palaquium sp Yellow Fruits are hand-squeezed. Seeds are washed and then dried. Paraserianthes falcataria Yellow After pods turn brown they are placed in sack and lightly beaten. Seeds are winnowed. Pinus merkusii Blownish green Dried cones are placed in a sack and crushed or rubbed together until seeds are extracted. Seeds are gently rubbed to remove wings and then winnowed. Santalum album Reddish-black Fruits are crushed and squeezed by hand. Seeds are separated from the pulp, washed and dried. Sesbania grandiflora Yellow Pods are placed in a sack and lightly beaten. Seeds are winnowed. Shorea javanica Brown (and fallen) Fruits are broken open. Wings are removed from seeds. Seeds are winnowed. Swietenia macrophylla Brown (andeasy to break open) Fruits are broken open. Wings are removed from seeds. Seeds are winnowed. Tamarindus indica Yellowish-brown Fruits are crushed and squeezed by hand. Seeds are separated from the pulp, washed and dried. Tectona grandis Yellowish-brown (and fallen) Fruits are rubbed together to remove the skin and then winnowed. ENGLISH VERSION 5 Waste is any material that is a by product of human activity and that may not have immediate value, which includes: § Human excreta/waste. § Domestic rubbish like left over food. § Waste paper. § Scrap metals and old batteries (dry cells) § Polythene bags. § Sewage sludge, etc. What Causes Rubbish Problems in your Community? 

Waste is inevitable but is made more problematic by: § Wasteful/inefficient use of resources. § Lack of methods for reusing waste. § Lack of waste disposal sites (Rubbish pits, latrines) § Lack of knowledge about the dangers of waste management. Problems caused by poor waste management: § Litter of fields and compounds. § Loss of beauty of the area. § Pollution of water, air and soil, disease outbreak § Blockage of drainage channels. § Toxic poisoning and fumes from old batteries. § Children and animals may be poisoned or injured if they pickup and play with old batteries or other rubbish. What Can Your Small Group Do Help Solve The Problem? § Reduce or minimize the generation of waste § Consider using solar powered products instead of those that use disposal batteries when possible. § Reusing-use materials again where possible. (i.e. plastic bags) § Composting as a natural fertilizer for use in gardening (save organic waste from left over food and fodder) § Dig a rubbish pit in your compound. § Remember to only burn paper and cards. § Do not burn butteries as they can explode, instead put them in the pit latrine. TIST: Waste Management. ENGLISH VERSION 6 T IST groups do a lot of practical activities: Planting trees and improving agricultural techniques. When there is a lot of work to be done, it is good to create action steps. Each group member should tell the group what they are going to achieve that week. We are going to teach you and your Small Group how to do action planning. Please share this with other members of your Small Group during your meeting. An action step is something that is: 

• Specific. 

• Observable (a fly on the wall can see you do it!) 

• Measurable. 

• Has a beginning and an end. 

• Make sure your action step is realistic and that you can achieve it! For example, saying ‘I will plant trees’ is not an action step because it is too general.‘I will work on three mornings this week to transplant 75 seedlings into our new grove’ is an action step because it is specific (transplant 75 seedlings), observable (people can see you do it), measurable (75 seedlings, 3 mornings) and has a beginning and an end (at the end of three days you can see the results). When your group meets again, allow ten minutes near the end of the small group meeting for each person to report on his or her action step. Each person quickly: (1) Tells the group what their action step was for the past week. (2) States what they actually did. (3) States what action step they will take for the following week. If the person succeeded in his or her action step, the group celebrates the success. If, as often happens to start with, the group member met only part of his goal, the group encourages him / her and does not criticize or blame. When people are able to freely share their successes and failures they will be encouraged to do better each week.Encourage your Small Group members to think of possible action steps. Make sure each is specific, measurable and realistic! Share and celebrate the action steps that your Small Group has accomplished. Action Steps for Action Planning. 

A similar method can be used when planning. Here an example is given in brackets. When your group is planning what to do, make sure your plans are: Specific (Our TIST Small Group will plant 1000 trees at the local hospital by November 30) Measurable (How many? - 1000 trees will be planted) Achievable/Realistic (Our TIST Small Group can plant 1000 trees in 5wks – 100 trees per Tuesday and Thursday, 10 trees per person/per day) Time-bound (Has a beginning and an end - we will plant the trees between October 15 to November 30) Observable (A fly on the wall can see us planting) SMARTO! This is the guide and test of your action steps for your plan and helps you be specific: 1) What – (Planting 1000 trees) 2) Who – (TIST Small Group members by name) 3) When – (October 15 – November 30) 4) Where – (At the hospital) 5) How – (We meet every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon after the heat of the day and dig holes, then plant the trees) 6) Why – (To improve the area around the hospital, have more shade for patients and visitors, people can sit under trees and the shade will make the hospital cooler) Now, try to practice action planning in your next Small Group meeting. Small Group Best Practices: Action Steps and Action Planning. Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501 TIST: Kuuthurania mbeu. Page 2 TIST: Kurungamira ruuko. Page 6 Mitire iria miega buru ya ikundi bibinini: Matagaria na kubangira matagaria. Page 6 Inside: Clasta ya Wiyumiririe wakiwa katika mkutano wao tarehe 17/6/2019. August 2019 Newsletter Mazingira Bora TIST is an innovative, time - tested, afforestation program led by the participants. Not for sale www .tist.org Kimeru Version KIMERU VERSION 2 TIST: Kuuthurania mbeu. Biuria na macokio kwegie kuuthurania mbeu 1. Ni miti mithemba iriku tubati kuanda ndene yaa ntuura yetu? Miti iria miega buru ni iria ikuraga yongwa ndene ya ntuura iu.TIST niikagira inya mono uandi bwa mitunda na miti ya gintwire, na ingi iria igakara muthetune miaka mirongo iri kana nkuruki. 2. Miti yonthe ni imiega? Ti mwanka! Miti imwe no igie inya gwika iria ukwenda niuntu bwa guciaranaga, no ithirwe iri sumu kiri ndithia ciaku kana igatumira ruuji rurwingi.Taara iria wiji ikaleta baita kiri ntuura yaku.Kujukia mung’uanano, TIST niregaga mibau, niuntu uandi bwa miti iji nobunyiyie ruuji ruria ruri nthiguru ya muthetu. 3. Miti nithagirwa irina mbeu o mwaka? Miti iria mingi niciaraga mbeu o mwaka, indi tegera miti iria iandi akui nagwe nikenda umenya na mma. Imwe ithagirwa irina mbeu injega rimwe o miaka iri kana ithatu. 4. Ni muti juriku juri jumwega jwa kurita mbeu yaku? o Uthurania mbeu kuumania na miti iria irina thiria injega iria iciaraga mbeu inthongi. o Ebera miti iria iri yonka – kiri miti iji mbeu yomba mono kwithira yuumanitie na muti gwiciarithia, untu buria buumba gutuma mbeu ikwethirwa citi injega mono. o Ebera miti itiguciara na iria ikari bubuthuku. o Ni kaba gutara muti juri gatigati ka miti iri amwe imingi ya muthemba jumwe irina thiria. Mbeu ikethirwa ibui nkuruki kethira niumenie na miti irina maua jaria jatamburuki nkuruki ya jaria jaikonderete amwe. o Uthurania mbeu kuuma guntu mwanya mutine nikenda umenyeera ati kurina mwanya jwa mantu jaria igakamata kiri muti juju. Kiumo: Robbins, 2004. Kuthuura muti jumwega jwa gwita mbeu o Ni ithuganio ririega kuuthurania miti kuumania na miti nkuruki ya mirongo ithatu mwanya ya muthemba jumwe. Bubu nibutethagia kumenyeera ati kurina mwanya kiri miti iria ikaumania na mbeu iu. Miti ya kurita mbeu nithirwe itaarenie mita mirongo itano kana igana nikenda umenyeera ati kurina mwanya. o Muti juria jungwa ukathuura jukalingana na niatia ukwenda kujutumira. 

- Mung’uanano, miti imiega ya mpau ni imitamburuku, irina biang’i bibikai, igukura ntuti, irina uraja na warie bwa miti ya kawaida, ikuumba gukabana na tunyomoo turia tuthukagia imera. - Miti imiega ya kuriwa ni ndithia nibati kuuma na ntuti, irina biang’i bibingi na mathangu jagukuranga na jakumba kuumanga jagitwa. - Mitunda imiega nibati kwithirwa irina matunda jamaingi jari na thiria, muti jurina mathangujang’anene kuunthe na biang’i biri nthiguru, ikuumanga na mpwi. o Geria kuthuura mbeu kuumania na miti iumite antu kung’uanene, kurina rera ing’uanene na muthetu jumwe na aria ukwenda kuanda muti jwaku. o Taara muti jukuri, ti jumwithi. Miti ikuri niithagirwa irina mbeu inyingi na miti iminini noiciare mbeu itiuma muti juthongi ja ng’ina. 5. Niri tuuthuranagia mbeu? o Menya igita ria mwaka riria mbeu ithagirwa igundi. o Uria antu bangi ba ntuura iu kana utege muti gwengwa. o Rimwe mbeu nigundi riria gitunda kana giti kiagarura rangi, kioma kana kiaunika na uthu kuuma kiang’ine. Rimwe, makonde jari tayari KIMERU VERSION 3 riria jagarura rangi kuuma green gwita brown. Tega mantu jaria jaandiki aja nthi kenda wona mung’uanano o Mbeu iria nyingi ciri tayari kuuthuranua riria yagwa yongwa kuuma mutine. o Rikana kumenyeera ati urina rutha rwa kuuthurania mbeu kuumania na eene miti! o Warikia kwoja mbeu rikana kuandika miuko yaku riitwa ria muthemba jwa muti, tariki ya kwoja na guntu kuria woja. 6. Niatia tuuthuranagia mbeu? o Nibutethagia kutheria akui na rungu rwa muti mbele. Mbeu inyingi no yojwe kuuma muthetune. Indi, etera mbeu iria ikuri bwega cigwe mbele. Mbeu igatigwa muthetune igita riraja nithukaga. Tega mbeu bwega itikethirwe ithukitue ni tunyomoo. Mbeu ciaTectona grandis (teak), Gmelina arborea (gmelina) na Aleurites moluccana (candlenut), niuthuranagua mono na njira iji. o Nowitie muti kuuthurania mbeu, indi menyeera! o SoMatunda jamwe nijoomaga, jakaruguka na kunyagia mbeu jatigwite muthetune. Mbeu iji ciri inya kuuthurania mneu ikethirwa inyii. Uuthurania matunda na macau jaria jagundi indi mbele ya jaruguka na jagwaa nthiguru. Riu uumie gitunda kana gicau antu atheru na arina kirundu kurita mbeu. o Mbeu imwe no ciringwe kuuma mutine ugitumagira muti jumuraja. o Geria gwita gitambaa rungu rwa muti riu winainie muti mpaari. o Kiri miti imiraja gantu ga kurita no kathithue na uthu gukurukira kuugera rutere rumwe rwa muti jumuraja na jwina inya magasi ja kugita. Rutere rungi noruogerwe kiri murigi. o Menya ati mbeu mithemba imwe itiojwa nthiguru na no mwanka yiuthuranue iumite yongwa. Mbeu iji ciumaga ikaa tumiti tutunini rungu rwa muti juria iumenie naju. Iji noithamirue mibukone ndene ya munanda jwaku. Iji niyo njira iria njega buru kiri miti iria iri inya kuumithia munandene kana iria mbeu itiuthuranagua na uuthu. 

o Mbeu cionthe no mwanka ciritwe matundene kana macaune. Bubu nobuthithue na njara, kana gwika riuene na gwetere jauma na gwatuka. 7. Niatia tumba kumenya kethira mbeu nibui? o Mbele tega mbeu na ute iria cinyii, ciuthi kana cirina rangi mwanya na ingi. Tunyomoo twomba kwithirwa tuthukitie mbeu imwe. o Juukia mbeu inkai na ugite riu utege ndene kethira niikuri na kethirwa niriitwe ni tunyomoo. o Kiri mithemba imwe iria irina gikonde gikiumo, kuerera ruujine ni kithimi gikiega. Kawaida, mbeu injega niinamaga nthi na inthuku niereraga (niuntu mbeu inkuo na kurumua ni tunyomoo nikuretaga mibuko ya ruugo). o Mbeu imwe no uuge/ ukeera/ugachunka nikenda wita mbeu iria mbuthu. KIMERU VERSION 4 o No uthithie kithimi gikiuthu gia kumenya kethira mbeu ikauma. Jukia namba intare ya mbeu (mirongo iiri giwta igana).Thithiria mantu ja kuthuranira jaria ubati. Ikira mbeu gitambaene kirina ruuji na wikira mbakuline. Kunikira na gitambaa kingi, giake ruuji bwega na wike antu kuri na kutira (ti mwanki). Tegera mbeu ntuku cionthe nikenda woona kethira niikuma na wike gitambaa kirina ruuji rionhte. Riria mbeu ikaambiria kuuma, ika rekondi ya ntuku na namba. Kithimi giki nikia igita ria biumia biiri kulingana na muthemba. Kuuma gwa nkuruki ya gicunci kimwe kiri biiri ni kuuga urina mbeu injega. Mithemba ya mbeu inini irina gicunci kia mbeu ithano kiri igana niibati gwikwa. 8. Tuike kana tuande mbeu? o Mbeu imwe itikaraga bwega na niibati kuandwa orio (mono mbeu iria iri imbuthu na irina matunda, mbeu ya mitunda kana mbeu irina maguta jamaingi. Kiri mbeu iria cirina gikonde gikiumo, watho ni gwika mbeu itheri, iumi na irina mpio. o Mbeu niibati kuritwa kuumania na gitunda na cikomua bwega. Kuumia mbeu, miike riuene ntuku ijiri kana ithatu. o Gwika mbeu karatasine kana gikebene gia cuuma kuraja na riua ni gukwega (ebera maratasi ja nyloni niuntu jaja nijatumaga mbeu ikathithina na ikoora). Menyeera ati mukebe juri jumutheru na jutigutonyithia ruugo. o Andika mukebe muthemba jwa mbeu na ntuku na antu a kwojania. o Rikana ati kuumba kwa mbeu kuuma gukanyia o uria igita rigwita na mbele. Kethira mbeu niiki igita riraja, no ithuuke. 9. Mbeu cionthe niciumaga? o Gicunci kia mbeu, kiria kiumaga, nikiringanaga na muthemba. Mbeu imwe niciendagwa kwamba kuthuranirwa. Jaja jakethirwa jari kiri Mazingira Bora ya mweri jwa Iiiri. o Riria ukuuthurania mbeu rikana ati imwe nikujaga igitene ria gwika, ingi ndene ya munanda, na ingi igitene ria kuthamiria muundene. Kwou, ikira jaja mubangone riria ukwenda kumenya ni mpindi ing’ana gikundi giaku kibati kuuthurania. 

10. Niatia tukaanda mbeu iu? o Mbeu imwe iria iumaga na uuthu no iandwe muundene kana mibukone o rimwe. Mithemba iria iendaga mantu mwanya nikenda iuma niandagwa munandene mbele. o Igita riria rijukagua kuuma niriringanaga na muthemba jwa mbeu, murutira, ruuji ruria rurio na ukuru bwa mbeu. o Mbeu iandagwa mwambirio jwa mbura. o Ja mwongozo riria ukuanda muundene o rimwe, mbeu nibati kuandwa nthiguru maita jairi kana jathatu warie bwa mbeu na niibati gukunikirwa bwega na muthetu. Muthetu riu nijubati gwikwa jurina ruuji. o Mantu jegie minanda jakaejanwa kiri uritani bungi. 11. Miti yumithagua aki kuumania na mpindi? o Mithemba imwe ya miti niumaga miti ingi kuumania na miri ya muti jou ng’ina. Iji no igitwe na ikathamua. o Gicunci nokigitwe kuumania na kiang’i gitikuri aria kurina ndungu ithatu kana nkuruki. Taara kiang’i gikiraja, kirina thiria na ugite o rimwe. Rita mathangu jonthe. Anda gicunci giki muthetune ndungo ijiri kana nkuruki ciri nthiguru ya muthetu , kuri na imwe kana nkuruki itigi iguru. Menyeera ati kurina ruuji rionthe mwanka woone jukiauma. Miti iria iumithitua na njira iji ikethirwa ikari umwe ja miti Iria iumenie nayo na njira cionthe na nioitethie mono riria ukwenda kumenyeera ati mutunda juguciara bwega jukuuma. Ngugu iri cluster ibati kuthithia mucemanione Mucemanione jwenu jwa cluster, gaania amemba ikundine birina antu batantatu gwita ikumi. Uria o gikundi kuthuura muthemba jwa muti juria jubui kiri TIST- jwa igita riraja na jurina baita kiri naria kubuthiurukite. Rikania ikundi kuthuura mutongeria na mutetheria wawe. Ngugi ni kuuthurania umenyo kwegie o muthemba jwa muti: - Riitwa ria muti–Mbeu uria ikari - Antu aega akui aria mbeu iu yumba kuuma–Njira ya kuuthurania mbeu - Njira ya gwika mbeu- Uthuraniri buria mbeu igwitia- Njira ya kuumithia Nenkanira ndaika ikumi cia kuthithia ngugi, riu uurie o gikundi kureta macokio. Aandikeni mantu jaja ndene iukune rienu na burete mucemanione jou jungi jwa uritani. No bwone bugitethia kuandika na njira iji: Riitwa ria Cluster: Riitwa ria muti Mbeuuria ikari Aria mbeu iriti Njira ya kuuthurania mbeu Njira ya gwika mbeu Uthuraniri buria mbeu igwitia Njira ya kuumithia KIMERU VERSION 5 Ona aja kuthingatiteUmenyo kwegie kuuthurania mbeu cia miti mithemba imithure. Riitwa ria sayansi Rangi ya itunda rikuri Kuuthurania mbeu na kutheria Acacia mangium Dark brown to black Matunda jekagirwa nkuniene na kuurwa mpaari. Mbeu riu ikeerwa na gitaru Aleurites moluccena Yellowish-brown (and fallen) Matunda nijainyairua kana jakaurua mpaari riu jakathambua na kuumua Alstonia scholaris Brownish-yellow Matunda nijoomagua ruungu rwa kirundu mwanka jagakunuka na mbeu ikaritwa. 

Mbeu riu ikeerwa Anacerdium occidentale Reddish-yellow Mbeu niritagwa kuumania na gitunda riu ikanyarua Azadirachta indica Yellowish-green Matunda nijainyagwa na njara. Mbeu nithambagua na kunyarua Calamus manan Brownish-yellow Matunda nijakirithanagua nikenda gikonde kiuma riu jakathambua Calliandra Calathyrsus Dark-brown (and dry) Matunda nijekagirwa nkuniene na jakaurwa mpaari. Mpindi riu ikeerwa Canarium Ovatum Black (and fallen) Matunda nijainyagwa kana jakaurwa mpaari. Mbeu riu ikeerwa Dalbergia latifolia Dark-brown Machau nijaunagagwa . mbeu riu ikeerwa Dyera costulata Brown (and easy to snap) Matunda nijomagua mwanka jakaruguka na mbeu igaitwa. Mbeu riu ikeerwa. Enterolobium cyclocarpum Dark-brown Machau nijaunangagwa kana jakaurwa mwanka mbeu ikauma. Mbeu nithambagua na riu ikoomua. Eucalyptus urophylla Dark brownish-green Matunda nijoomagua mwanka jakaruguka na mbeu igaitwa. Mbeu nicunkagwa nikenda iathuranwa na mati Eusideroxylon zwageri Yellow Matunda nijarindagwa riu jagaikithanua kurita mbeu. Mbeu riu nithambagua na kuumua Fagraea fragrans Dark-brown Matunda nijaikithanagua iguru ria gicunki mwanka mbeu ikaathuranwa. Mbeu riu nicunkagwa kairi na kuerwa Gliricidia sepium Yellowish-brown Matunda (macau) nijekagirwa nkuniene na kuurwa mpaari. Mbeu riu ikeerwa. Gmelina arborea Yellow-green (and fallen) Matunda nijekagirwa nkuniene na kuurwa mpaari. Mbeu ikathambua na mbeu ikoomua Hopea mengarawan Light brown (and fallen) Mathagu nijaitagwa kuuma kiri mbeu Intsia bijuga Yellowish-green Matunda nijomagua mwanka jakaruguka na mbeu igaitwa. Mbeu riu ikeerwa Leucaena leucocephala Yellowish-brown Mati nijaunangagwa. Mbeu ikeerwa. Palaquium sp Yellow Matunda nijainyagwa na njara. Mbeu riu ikathambua na ikoomua Paraserianthes falcataria Yellow Mati jarikia kugaruka rangi ja brown, nijekagirwa nkuniene na kuurwa mpaari. Mbeu riu ikeerwa. Pinus merkusii Blownish green Matunda nijekagirwa nkuniene na kuunangwa kana gwikithanua mwanka mbeu ikaritwa. Mbeu igaikithanua kurita mathagu riu ikeerwa Santalum album Reddish-black Matunda nijaunangagwa na kuinywa na njara. Mbeu ikaathuranwa na gitunda, ikathambua na kuumua Sesbania grandiflora Yellow Matunda nijekagirwa nkuniene na kuurwa mpaari. Mbeu riu ikeeerwa. Shorea javanica Brown (and fallen) Mathagu nijaritagwa kuuma mpindine. Swietenia macrophylla Brown (andeasy to break open) Matunda nijaunagwa. Mathagu jagaitwa mbeune na mbeu ikeerwa. Tamarindus indica Yellowish-brown Matunda nijaunangagwa na kuinywa na njara. Mbeu ikaathuranwa na gitunda, ikathambua na kuumua Tectona grandis Yellowish-brown (and fallen) Mbeu niikirithanagua gwita gikonde riu ikeerwa. 

KIMERU VERSION 6 R uuko ni gintu kionthe kiria kiuamanagia na maththio ja muntu na kiria gitona utumiri bwa oriu, na ni amwe na: ¾ Kioro kia muntu ¾ Matigari ndene ya nja ta irio. ¾ Maratasi jatina ngugi ¾ Miuko ya mubira ¾ Cuuma, maiga jatumiri ¾ Ruuko rwa sewage na jangi jamaingi Nimbi iretaga thina ya ruuko ndene ya ntuura yaku? Ruuko rutiebereka indi nirwingiagua rukaa thina na njira ya: ¾ utumiri bubuthuku bwa biria turina bio ¾ Kwaaga njira cia kurutumira kairi ¾ Kwaaga antu a kuruta (ja bioro bia oome) ¾ Kuaga umenyo bwa mogwati jaria joomba kuumania na urungamiri bubuthuku bwa ruuko Jaria jaumanagia na urungamiri bubuthuku bwa ruuko ¾ Kujura kwa ruuko bienine, kwaga uthongi bwa antu au ¾ Kuthukua gwa ruuji, ruugo na muthetu ¾ Kuumbuka kwa mirimo ¾ Kuingana gwa paipu cia kurita ruuji ¾ Sumu na ruugo ruruthuku kuumania na maiga jamakuru Aana na ndithia no ciajithue kana ikagitarua riria ciajukia na guchetha na maiga jamakuru kana ruuko rungi. Nimbi gikundi giaku kithithia kuthiria thina iji ¾ Nyiyia mantu jaria jatumaga ruuko rwija. ¾ Thugania gutumira into biria bitumagira mwanki jwa riua antu a biria bitejagwa riria uumbikia. ¾ Tuumira kairi – tumira into kairi riria uumbikia (ja maratasi ja mubira) ¾ Kuthithia mboleo- iika ruuko ruria rumba kwoora (irio biria bitigarite na bia ndithia) ja mboleo ya gutumira muundene ¾ Iinja kirinya kia ruuko nja yaku. ¾ Ririkana kuithia aki maratasi na kadi. Ukaithia maiga niuntu noja lipuke. Ikira kiorone. TIST: Kurungamira ruuko. I kundi bia TIST nibiritaga ngugi inyingi iria cionekaga: kuanda miti na kuthongomia njira cia kurima. Riria kurina ngugi inyingi cia kugita, nibwega kubangira matagaria. O mumemba wa gikundi nabati kwira gikundi nimbi bakomba gukinyira kiumia kiu. Tukaburitana na kuritana gikundi giaku uria matagaria jabangagirwa. Itu gaana bubu na amemba bangi ba gikundi giaku igitene ria mucemanio jwenu. Itagaria ni gintu kiri: § Gikwirungamira kiongwa § Gikwonekana (ngi iri ruthingone yomba gukwona ukithithia!) § Gikuthimika § Kirina mwambirio na muthia § Menyeera ati itagaria riaku rikombika na rikathithika! Mung’uanano, kuuga ‘Nkaanda miti’ ti itagaria niuntu giki ni gintu gikiarie. ‘Nkarita ngugi mithenya ithatu kiumia giki kuthamiria miti ya kuanda mirongo mugwanja na itano muundene jwetu jumweru’ ni itagaria niuntu ni gintu gikwirungamira (kuthamia miti mirongo mugwanja na itano), gikwoneka(antu bagakwona ukithithia uju), gikuthimika(miti mirongo mugwanja na itano, mithenya ithatu) na kirina mwambirio na muthia (nyuma ya ntuku ithatu ukoona maciara). Riria gikundi giaku gigatirimana kairi, ejana dagika ikumi muthiene jwa mucemanio jwa gikundi gikinini nikenda o muntu wonthe aejana ripoti ya itagaria riawe. 

O muntu wonthe nampwi: (1) Eere gikundi itagaria riawe ria kiumia kiu kithiri. (2) Akauga nimbi yongwa athithirie. (3) Akauga itagaria riawe ria kiumia kiu kithingatite. Kethira muntu uju noombanire kiri itagaria riawe, gikundi nikigwiranagirua amwe. Kethira, ja uria jaria maingi kwithagirwa gukari, mumemba wa gikundi nombire kuthithia gicunci kia uria eendaga, gikundi nikimwikagira inya na gitimuthumbagia. Riria antu boomba kugaana batigukirana kuumbana na kugwa kwao, bagekirwa inyo kuthithia bwega nkuruki o kiumia. Ikira inya amemba ba gikundi giaku kuthuganiria matagaria jaria boomba kujukia. Menyeera ati o itagaria nirikwirungamira, ni rikuthimika na rikoombika! Gaana na bugwirirue matagaria jaria gikundi kienu gikinini kijukitie. Matagaria riria bukubangira mantu jaria bukathithia Njira ikwenda gukara uju no itumirwe kubangira. Aja mung’uanano nijuejani. Riria gikundi giaku gikubangira jaria gikathithia, menyeera ati mibango yenu iri: Specific- Yakuirungamira yongwa (Gikundi gikinini gietu gia TIST gikaanda miti ngiri cibitari iria iri akui igikinya mweri jwa ikumi na jumwe tariki mirongo ithatu) Measurable- Ikuthimika (Ing’ana? – Miti ngiri ikaandwa) Achievable/Realistic- Igakinyirika (Gikundi gikinini gietu gia TIST kiomba kuanda miti ngiri ndene ya biumia bitanomiti igana o Jumanne na Alhamisi, miti ikumi o muntu o ntuku) Time-bound- Ithimiri mathaa (Burina mwambirio na muthia – tukaanda miti gati gati ka Mweri jwa ikumi tariki ikumi na ithano na mweri jwa ikumi na jumwe tariki mirongo ithatu) Observable-Ikooneka (Ngi iri ruthingone igatwona tukianda) SMARTO! Jaja nijo ubati kuthingata kiri kuthithia matagaria ja mubango jwenu nijagutethagia kuuga jaria jongwa bukwenda jairungamirite: 1) Nimbi– (Kuanda miti ngiri imwe) 2) Nuu – (Amemba ba gikundi gikinini giia TIST) 3) Rii – (October 15 – November 30) 4) Naa – (Cibitari) 5) Atia – (Tugatirimana o jumanne na jumatano ugoro mwanki jwa ntuku jwathira na kwinja marinya, riu tuande miti) 6) Niki– (Kuthongomia aria kuthiurukite cibitari, kugia irundu bia aajii na ageni bibingi nkuruki, antu no bakare rungu rwa miti na kirundu gigatuma cibitari igie gapio) Nandi, gerieni bubangire matagaria jenu ndene ya mucemanio jou jungi jwa gikundi gikinini. Mitire iria miega buru ya ikundi bibinini: Matagaria na kubangira matagaria. Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501 TIST: Ungania wa mbegu. Page 2 TIST: Kuhurana na giko. Page 6 Mitaratara miega ya ikundi nini: Makinya ma ciiko na makinya ma mibango. Page 6 Inside: Clasta ya Wiyumiririe wakiwa katika mkutano wao tarehe 17/6/2019. August 2019 Newsletter Mazingira Bora TIST is an innovative, time - tested, afforestation program led by the participants. Not for sale www .tist.org Kikuyu Version KIKUYU VERSION 2 TIST: Ungania wa mbegu. Ciuria na macokio ci ungania wa mbegu 

1. Ni mithemba iriku ya mitiingikura kwanyu? Mithemba iria miega ni iria ikuragia na njira cia kiimerera.TIS makiria niihinyagiriria uhandi wa miti ya matunda nay a kinduire na ingi iria ingihota guikara gwa kahinda gakirite miaka 20. 2. Miti yoothe ni miega? To muhaka! Miti ingi niiremaga gutungatika na ingi igakorwo na thumu kuri nyamu na ingi ikahuthira maai maingi. Thuura miti iria ingiteithia kwanyu.TIST niigiritie miti ya mibau kwa muhiano tondu niinyihagia maai tiiri-ini 3. Miti niirutaga matunda o mwaka? Miti miingi niguo iikaga, no geria kurora kwanyu na miti ya kuu niguo umenye wega. Miti ingi ibataraga miaka 2-3 niguo irute mbegu njega. 4. Ni muti uriku mwega wa kunganiria mbegu?

 • Ungania mbegu kuma mitiini iria iri na hinya mwega na iria iri na mbegu njega 

• Ndukonganie kuma kuri miti iri iika handu hamwe tondu mbegu ciaguo nocikorwo citaciarithanitio

 • Ndukonganie kuma kuri miti itari na ugima mwega 

• Ungania kuma kuri miti iria iri gatagati-ini ka iria ingi ya muthemba umwe. Mbegu nicikoragwo cirri njega makiria riria mahua mayo mariruka wega 

• Ungania mbegu kuma miena ngurani niguo ugie na mithemba miingi Source: Robbins, 2004. 

• Niwega kungania mbegu kuma kuri mithemba 30 na makiria ya miti niguo ukorwo na rurira rwega, miti ya mbegu yariirwo nigukorwo na utaganu wa 50m-100m niguo ikure wega 

• Muti uria mwega uringanaga nakiria urenda kuhuthira muti ucio nakio - Kwa muhiano, miti miega ya mbau yagiriirwo nigukorwo iri mirungaru, ikorwo na honge nini na ikure naihenya na utungu muigananiru ohamwe na uraihu na iingate tutambi - Miti miega ya mahuti ma mahiu yagiriirwo ni gukura naihenya na honge nyingi na mahuti makorwo magikura naihenya thutha wa gucehwo - Miti miega ya matunda yagiriirwo nigukorwo iri miega na mawega ma miti ya matunda 

• Geria guthuura mbegu kuma mitiini iria ikurite na riera rimwe na muthemba umwe wa tiiri na kuria urathii kuhanda.

 • Thuura miti iria ikinyitie ugima iria itari miithi. Miti migimaru niikoragwo na mbegu nyingi na miti mithi ikaruta mbegu nini. 5. Twagiriirwo ni kungania mbegu ri? o Rora ihinda ria mwaka riria mbegu cirri nguru o Uria andua nagi kana wirorere miti. KIKUYU VERSION 3 o Maita maingi mbegu cikoragwo cirri nguru riria matunda merua na macenjia rangi, moma na magua thi. Maita mangi cikoragwo cirri njega riria makoni mavenjia kuma green nginya brown. Roar maandiko muico wa ngathitimbegu nyingi cikoragwo cirri njega riria ciagua kuma mutiini o Ririkana gutigirira ati uri na rutha rwa kungania mbegu kuma kuri mwene miti o Riria wongania mbegu ririkana kwandika haria wekira na ritwa, muthenya na kuria wongania . 

6. Twagiriirwo nikungania mbegu atia? o Gutheria haria uronganiria mbegu niguteithagia. Mbegu nyingi nociunganio kuma thi. No ningi, eterera mbegu iria cigimarite cigue. Mbegu iria cikarite muno thi nicithukaga. Roar wega kana mbegu nithukie ni tutambi. Mbegu cia Tectona grandis (teak), Gmelina arborea (gmelina) and Aleurites moluccana (candlenut) ciunganagio na njira ino. o No uhaice muti iguru utue mbegu no wimenyerere! o M atunda mangi momaga, magathanduka mbegu ona matakugua thi. Mbegu ici nicikoragwo na hinya kunganika angikorwo mbegu ni nini. Ungania mbegu kana makoni riria cirri njiru no mbere ya cirekanitie na cikagua thi. Umithia makoni niguo uhote guthandura mbegu o Matunda mangi nouringe kuma thin a muti muraihu o Geria kwara kinndu gitinaini kia muti ucoke uinainie o Kuri miti iria miraihu, nouhuthire muti muraihu wohereire kindu o Ririkana ati mithemba ingi ya mbegu ndingiunganio kuma thi na yagiriirwo ni kunganio wega. Ici ni mbegu iria cimeraga wega iria cimerete na igakura rungu rwa miti minene. Ici nnocimunywo na cihandwo migundaini. Nira ino niyo njega kuri miti iria ikoragwo itagukura wega nathariini kana iria mbegu ciaguo cikoragwo na hinya kunganika. o Mbegu ciothe niciagiriirwo ni kurutwo kuma makoniini. Undu uyu nowikwo na moko kana kwanika makoni riuaini niguo mome. 7. Tungimenya atia ati mbegu ni njega? o Wambere roar mbegu na wehutie iria nini na huthu kana cirri na ngurani ya rangi kumana na iria ingi. Tutambi notukorwo tuthukitie mbegu. o Oya muhiano wa mbegu na utinie na urore kana nicikinyitie ugima na kana nicithukitio ni tutambi o Kuri mbegu iria cikoragwo na ngothi nyumu, cikie maaiini niguo ucigeria. Mbegu njega nicirikaga maaini na iria thuku cikareera. o Kuri mbegu iwe nougayanie na kuhuhana gucunga niguo wehutie iria huthu KIKUYU VERSION 4 o No wike magerio manini ma kumerithia. Oya mbegu nini (20-100). Cithondeke wega uria kwagiriire na wikire mbegu nguoini hehu thiini wa bakuri. Humbira na nguo ingi na ureke hakorwo na urugari(ti maai mahiu). Roar mbegu o muthenya kana cirri na dalili cia kumera. Riria ciambiriria kumera,iga namba ya muthenya na namba. Kigerio giki giikaraga gwa kahinda ka ciumia 2 kuringana na muthemba. Kumera gwa gicunji kia 50% mikuuga uri na mbegu njega. Mithemba ya iria ikoragwo na mbegu nini iria iri na kumera gwa gicunji kia 5% no kiega. 8. Nikuhanda tuhandaga mbegu kana ni kuiga? o Mbegu nyingi citikaraga gwa kahinda kanene na ciagiriirwo ni kuhandwo orio(namakiria cirri njigu, iria huthu, cia matunda kana iria cikoragwo na maguta maingi). Mbegu iria cikoragwo na ngothi nyumu, watho ni kuiga mbegu icio cirri theru, nyumu na cirri na riera riega. 9. Ni mbegu ciothe cimeraga? 

o Gicunjikia mbegu kiria kimeraga kiringanaga na muthemba wa muti. Mbegu imwe nicibataraga guthindekwo mbere ya kuhandwo. Maundu maya nitukamona ngathitiini ya February. o Riria urongania mbegu ririkana imwe nicikuaga riria ciigitwo, ingi igakua cirri nathariini na ingi cigakua riria urathamia kuma nathari nginya mugundaini. Kwa uguo ikira maundu maya riria urabanga muigana wa mbegu uria ukuhanda 10. Tuhandaga mbegu atia? o Mbegu imwe iria cimeraga naihenya nocihandwo mugundaini. Mithemba iria ibataraga maundu ma mwanya niguo imere ciambaga kuhandwo tutaini mbere. o Kahinda karia mbegu cioyaga ga kumera karinganaga na muthemba wa, urugari na muigana wa maai na kahinda ka mbegu. o Uhandi wa mbegu wikagwo mbere ya mbura yambiriirie. o Ta wato wa kuhanda mbegu, ciagiriirwo ni kuhandwo na uriku wa maita matatu ma utungu wacio na cihumbirwo wega ni tiiri.Tiiri ucio wagiriirwo nigukorwo uri mugunyu. o Uhoro wa tuta niuheanitwo githomoini kingi. 11. Mimera ikuraga kuma kuri o mbegu? o Mithemba imwe ya miti niiciaraga njiahirira na nocitinio na cihandwo ta muti. o Guceha nogwikwo kuri muti uteri mukuru muno uria uri na marungo matanyihiire matatu. Thuura karuhonge karaihu na karia kari na hinya na utinie na njira njega. Hurura mahuti na uhande tiiriini na uriku wa marungo meri na iringo rimwe utigitie. Itiriria maai nginya uthunduke. Mimera iria ikuritio na njira ino niikoragwo na mauthi ma muti uria waumite kuriguo na nimwega gutigirira matunda mega nimonekana Maundu ma Micemanio ya cluster. Thiini wa mucemanio wa cluster, gayania arimi na ikundi 6-10. Uria o gikundi kioye muthemba wa muti uria niwitikiritwi thiini wa TIST uri wa gutuura miaka miingi na ungiteithia maria maturigiciiirie. Uria gikundu githuure mutongoria na munini wake. Wira ni kungania uhoro wa o muthemba wa miti: - Ritwa ria muti / uhoro makiria wa mbegu – kuria kwega ungiona muti ucio – njira cia kungania mbegu ciaguo – njira cia kuuiga mbegu – njira ciaguthondeka mbegu na njira cia kuhanda. - Mahe ndagika 10 niguo marikie uguo na ucoke umorie makurehere macokio. - Andika uhoro ucio thiini wa ibuku na ugoka naguo mucemanio-ini ucio ungi Niwega kuhuthira table tai no. Riitwa ria cluster: Riitwa ria muti Uhoro makiria wa mbegu Kuria ungiungania Njira cia kungania Njira cia kuiga Njira cia guthondeka Njira cia kuhanda KIKUYU VERSION 5 Rora makiria maundu ma ungania wa mbegu cia mithemba ya miti iria icaguritwo Botanical name Rangi wa itunda rierua Ungania wa mbegu Acacia mangium Dark brown to black Matunda mekiragwo ikonia na makahurwo niguo mathanduke Aleurites moluccena Yellowish-brown (and fallen) Mahihinyagwo kahora na makahurwo ningimagathambio na kumithio Alstonia scholaris Brownish-yellow Matunda momithagiorungu ra muti nginya maatuke na mbegu cikarutwo Anacerdium occidentale Reddish-yellow Megu cirutagwo kuma matundaini na cikomithio Azadirachta indica Yellowish-green Matunda mahihinyagwo na hinya na mbegu cigathambio na cikomithio. 

Calamus manan Brownish-yellow Mbegu cibiragwo niguo urute ngothi ya iguru na ningi cigathambio Calliandra Calathyrsus Dark-brown (and dry) Ciikiragwo ikonia na cikahurwo kahora niguo cithanduke. Canarium Ovatum Black (and fallen) Matunda mahihinyagwo kahora na magathambio ningi makomithio Dalbergia latifolia Dark-brown Makoni nimoragagwo na mbegu cikarutwo Dyera costulata Brown (and easy to snap) Matunda momithagio nginya mbegu ciume. Mbegu cithambagio na cikomithio Enterolobium cyclocarpum Dark-brown Makoni moragagwo niguo mbegu cirutwo ningi mbegu cigathambio na cikomithio Eucalyptus urophylla Dark brownish-green Matunda momithagio nginya mathanduke na mbegu cikarutwo. Mbegu cicungagwo niguo wehutie mahuti na ingi nyingi Eusideroxylon zwageri Yellow Matunda marindagwo maai-ini na magacoka makabirwo na kumithio wega Fagraea fragrans Dark-brown Matunda mabiragirwo gicungiini nginya citigana na makoni Gliricidia sepium Yellowish-brown Makoni mekiragwo ikonia na makahurwo kahora Gmelina arborea Yellow-green (and fallen) Matunda mekagirwo ikonia na makahurwo kahora na magacoka magathambio na makomithio Hopea mengarawan Light brown (and fallen) Mathagu nimehutagio kuma mbeguini Intsia bijuga Yellowish-green Matunda momithagio nginya mbegu cikarutwo Leucaena leucocephala Yellowish-brown Makoni nimoragagwo na mbegu cigathandurwo Palaquium sp Yellow Matunda mahihinyagwo na hinya na magathambio magacoka makomithio Paraserianthes falcataria Yellow Thutha wa makoni kuhana brown, mekagirwo ikonia na makahurwo kahora na mbegu cikarutwo Pinus merkusii Blownish green Iria nyumu ciikagirwo ikonia na cikahurwo kana cikabirwo nginya mbbegu ciume. Mbegu onacio nicibiragwo niguo mathagu maume. Santalum album Reddish-black Matunda mahihinyagwo na moko. 

Mbegu cirutagwo kuuma makoniini cigathambio cigacoka cikomithio Sesbania grandiflora Yellow Makoni mekagirwo ikoniani na makahurwo kahora na mbegu cikarutwo Shorea javanica Brown (and fallen) Mahuti nimarutagwo mbeguini Swietenia macrophylla Brown (andeasy to break open) Matunda nikuragwo moragagwo na mahuti makoragwo na mbegu cikarutwo Tamarindus indica Yellowish-brown Matunda morragagwo na makahihinywo na moko. Mbegu cikarutwo cigathambio na cikomithio Tectona grandis Yellowish-brown (and fallen) Matunda moragagwo na makahihinywo na moko na mbegu cikaritwo cigathambio na cikomithio KIKUYU VERSION 6 G iko ni kindu kiumanaga na andu kuruta wira na niindo ta, 

• Mai ma mundu.

 • Matigari ma irio. 

• Maratathi mahuthiku.

 • Cuma nguru na betiri huthiku. Nikii kirehaga giki matuuraini? Giko gitingiithemwo no nikiingihagio ni: 

• Njira njuru cia uhuthir wa indo. 

• Kwaga njira cia kuhuthira indo ringi. 

• Kwaga njira cia gute giko. 

• Kwaga umenyo wa mogwati ma giko. Mathina maria marehagwo ni giko. 

• Maratathi ma kihaaro na miciiini.

 • Kwaga uthaka miciiini. 

• Guthukio kwa riera, maai na tiir ohamwe na gututhuka kwa mirimu. 

• Guthingana kwa njira cia maai. 

• Guthukio kwa riera ria kuhuhia. 

• Guthukio gwa ciana riria cirathaka. Niatia gikundi kianyu kingika niguo kunyihia thina uyu wa giko? 

• Kunyihia njiracia kurehe giko. 

• Kuhuthira njira cia riua handu ha betiri. 

• Kuhuthira ringi indi. 

• Gutua giko thumu wa kuhuthira mugundaini. 

• Kwenja irima ria kiara.

 • Gucina maratathi. Ndugacine betiri tondu nocituthuke, cikie kioro kia irima. TIST: Kuhurana na giko. I kundi cia TIST niciikaga maundu maingi makwoneka: kuhanda miti na kwagirithia urimi. Riria kuri na wira muingi wa kurutwo, niwega guthondeka makinya ma ciiko. O memba wa gikundi niagiriirwo nikwira aria angi uria magiriirwo ni gwika kiumia kiu. Nituguguthomithia ohamwe na gikundi kianyu uria muguthondeka mubango wa ciiko. Menyithia amemba aria angi uhoro uyu mucemanio-ini. Mubango uyu ni kindu ta giki: § Maundu ma bata. § Maundu maria maroneka § Maundu maria mangithimika. § Maundu maria mari na kiambiriria na muthia. § Tigirira makinya maku nomahoteke. Kwa muhiano, kuga niukuhanda muti ti giiko. Kuga (giroko ithatu niguhanda miti 75 mugunda-ini) ni giiko tondu undu ucio uri na bata na niurauga kaundu(kuhanda miti 75), niuroneka (andu nimakuona) nouthimike (miti 75, irooko 3) na uri na kiambiriria na muthia (thutha wa matuku 3 niukuona maciaro). Gikundi giaku giacemania ringi, itikiria ndagika 10 mucemanio ugithira niguo o mundu aheane mubango wake wa ciiko. Omundu naihehnya: (1) Ira gikundi mubango wao wa kiumia kihituku. (2) Hutia maundu maria mekite. (3) Uga mibango iria igukorwo kuo kiumia giukite. Murimi angihota gukinyaniria mubango wa ciiko aria angi nimagiriirwo ni kumukenerera. Na angikorwo, ta uria maita maingi gukoagwo andu makiambiriria ati mukinyaniirie ciiko imwe, gikundi nikiagiriirwo gwikira murimi hinya na matikamurute mahitia. Riria andu mari na kamweke ga kwiyaria na kuga maria mahotete na maria matanahota nimahotaga kugia na hinya wa guthii na mbere a kiumia. Hinyiriria arimi a gikundi giaku makorwo na mubango wa ciiko ungihoteteka. Tigirira ati mubango ucio niuraririria kindu! Araniriai na muonanie ciiko iria muhotete. Makinya ma mbango wa ciiko. Njira ihanaine no ihuthirwo riria urehariria. Haha hari na cionereria. Kwaririria kindu (gikundi gitu kia TIST nigikuhanda miti 1000 thibitari-ini tugikinyiria November 30) mangithimika (Miti iigana? Miti 1000 niyo ikuhandwo) Ingihoteteka (Gikundi gitu gia TIST nokihande miti 1000 hari ciumia 5 – miti 100 o wakeri na wakana, miti 10 o mundu o muthenya.) Mahinda (turi na kiambiriria na muthia- nitukuhanda miti gatagati ka October 15 – November 30) Ingioneka (nginya ngi niirakwona ukihanda miti) Smarto. Giki nikigeranio giakuonania kana niurarumirira mubango waku: 

1. Kii? (Kuhanda miti 1000) 2. Uu? (Riitwa ria memba wa TIST) 3. O ri? (October 15 – November 30) 4. O ku? (Thibiari-ini) 5. Atia (tucemanagia o wa-keri na wa-kana miaraho thutha wa kuruta wira na tukenja marima na tukahanda miti) 6. Niki? (niguo kwagirithia thibitari niguo kuhe arwaru handu ha kiiruru) Niwega kugeria maundu macio mucemanio-ini wa ikundi cianyu. Mitaratara miega ya ikundi nini: Makinya ma ciiko na makinya ma mibango. Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501 TIST: Ukusanyaji wa mbegu. Page 2 Usimamizi wa taka. Page 6 Mienendo bora zaidi ya vikundi vidogo ya kufanya mambo tofauti: Hatua za kuchukua na kupangia hatua. Page 6 Inside: Clasta ya Wiyumiririe wakiwa katika mkutano wao tarehe 17/6/2019. August 2019 Newsletter Mazingira Bora TIST is an innovative, time - tested, afforestation program led by the participants. Not for sale www .tist.org English Version KISWAHILI VERSION 2 TIST: Ukusanyaji wa mbegu. Maswali na majibu kuhusu ukusanyaji wa mbegu. 1. Ni aina ipi ya miti tunafaa kukuza katika eneo letu? Iliyo bora zaidi mi ile inayokua yenyewe katika eneo hilo, kwa hivyo chagua miti itakayokidhi mahitai yako. TIST sanasana hupendekeza mitunda na miti ya kiasili. Kumbuka kuwa unajitolea kuweka miti yako ikiwa hai kwa muda wa miaka thelathini au zaidi. Chagua ambayo itakupa faida unazohitaji kwa wakati huu; matunda, chakula cha mifugo,udongo bora kutokana na kupunguza mmomonyoko wa udongo au naitrojeni kutokana na miti ya familia ya kunde, kuni kutokana na matawi yaliyopuguzwa na faida nyinginezo. 2. Miti yote ni mizuri? Si lazima! Mingine yaweza kuwa migumu kudhibiti, yaweza kuwa na sumu kwa mifugo yako au kutumia maji mengi sana. Chagua unayojua itafaidi inapopandwa. 3. Ni miti yote uzalisha mbegu kila mwaka? Miti mingi huzalisha, lakini angalia miti iliyo hapo ili kupata uhakika. Mingine huzalisha mbegu nzuri tu baada ya miaka miwili kufika mitatu. 

4. Ni mti upi ulio mzuri wa kukusanya mbegu? § Kusanya mbegu kutoka kwa miti iliyo na afya ambayo huzalisha mbegu nzuri § Epuka miti iliyosimama kipweke kwa sababu mbegu yake inauwezekano wa kuwa na mbelewele yakujitegemea ambayo inapelekea mbegu ya hali ya chini. § Epuka miti isiyozalisha na yenye sura mbaya § Chagua mti ulio katikati ya mingine yenye afya naya aina moja § Mbegu kutoka kwa miti iliyo na maua yanayoenea nje itakuwa yenye ubora wa juu badala ya yenye maua yaliyojikusanya pamoja. Source: Robbins, 2004. § Fikiria unavyotaka kuutumia mti kabla ya kuchagua aina ya mti. Kwa mfano, miti mizuri ya mbao ni iliyonyooka, iliyo na matawi machache na inayokua kwa upesi. Miti mizuri kama lisho kwa mifugo ni inayokua kwa upesi, yenye matawi yenye mashina kadha, na majani yenye kukua haraka yenye uwezo wa kujitibu haraka baada ya kupuguzwa. Miti mizuri ya matunda kwaudhahiri inafaa kuwa na matunda mengi yenye afya! § Chagua mbegu kutoka kwa mti unaokua katika eneo lililo katika muinuko na udongo sawa na unapotaka kupanda. § Chagua mti uliokomaa, si ulio mchanga. 5. Tukusanye mbegu lini? § Jua wakati wa mwaka mbegu zinapokuwa zimeiva na uwauliza wengine wanaoishi hapo au kuuangalia mti wewe mwenyewe. § Mara nyingine mbegu huiva matunda au maganda ya mbegu yanapogeuza rangi, kukauka, au kuvunjika kwa urahisi kutoka kwa tawi. § Mbegu nyingi huwa tayari kukusanywa zinapoanguka kutoka mtini zenyewe. KISWAHILI VERSION 3 6. Tukusanye mbegu vipi? § Kuwazisha eneo lililozunguka mti kwanza husaidia sana. Mbegu nyingi zaweza kukusanywa kutoka kwa ardhi, lakini kwanza angalia mbegu kama imeumwa na wadudu. § Mtu aweza kupanda mti na kuchukua mbegu, lakini jichunge! § Matunda mengine huvunjika na kutawanya mbegu bila kuangusha chini yanapokauka. Haya ni vigumu kukusanya kama mbegu ni ndogo. Kusanya matunda au magi kupata mbegu.anda yanapoiva lakini kabla ya kuvunjika na kuanguka ardhini. Halafu ukaushe tunda au ganda mahali palipo pasafi na penye kivuli i § Jaribu kuangusha mbegu zingine kutoka kwa mti kwa kugonga kwa mti mrefu. § Jaribu kuweka shuka chini ya mti na kuutingiza mti kwa upole. § Kwa miti mirefu, kifaa rahisi chaweza kutengenezwa kwa kufungilia upande mmoja wa jozi la makasi kwa kijiti kirefu na chenye nguvu. Upande mwingine waweza kufungiliwa kamba. § Jua kuwa baadhi ya aina za mbegu haziwezi kukusanya kutoka kwa ardhi na ni lazima zikusanywe zikiwa zimemea kiasili. Miche hii ni iliyoota hivi karibuni na inayopatikana chini ya miti iliyokomaa. Miche hii yaweza kupandikizwa hadi kwa mikebe katika kitalu chako. Hii ni njia iliyo nzuri zaidi kwa miti inayoleta ugumu kuotesha katika kitalu na iliyo na mbegu zenye ugumu kukusanya. § Mbegu lazima zitolewe kutoka kwa matunda au maganda take. 

Toa kwa kutumia mikono au kwa kuweka tunda au ganda kwa jua na kulingoja kukauka na kuvunjika husaidia. 7. Tunawezaje kujua kama mbegu ni nzuri? § Kwanza angalia mbegu na utupe yoyote iliyoumwa na wadudu, ni ndogo zaidi, nyepesi zaidi au ya rangi tofauti na rangi ya mbegu zilizo na afya bora. § Kwa mbegu zilizo na ngozi ngumu, kuelea kwa maji ni jaribio zuri. Kwa kawaida, mbegu nzuri huzama kwa maji na mbegu mbaya huelea. § Unaweza fanya jaribio lenye urahisi la kuota. Chukua mbegu chache zilizohesabiwa (ishirini hadi mia moja). Fanyia matayarisho yoyote yanayohitajika. Weka mbegu katika nguo yenye unyevu katika bakuli. Funika kwa kipande kingine cha nguo, tia unyevu vizuri na uiweke mahali penye joto (si moto).Angalia mbegu kila siku ili kuona dalili za kuota na uweke nguo ikiwa yenye unyevu kila wakati. Kuota KISWAHILI VERSION 4 kunapoanza, weka rekodi ya siku na nambari ya mbegu zinazoota. Kuota kwa zaidi ya asilimia hamsini humaanisha una mbegu nzuri, lakini upesi ya kuota waweza kutofautiana sana kulingana na aina ya mti. Aina yenye mbegu ndogo ambapo asilimia tano pekee inaota bado ni nzuri ya kuweka. 8. Tupande au tuweke mbegu? § Mbegu zingine hazikai kwa muda mrefu na lazima zipandwe mara moja (san asana mbegu nyororo na zilizo ndani ya matunda yenye maji maji, mbegu za miti ya matunda ama mbegu zenye mafuta mengi). § Kwa mbegu zenye ngozi ngumu zaidi, mwongozo wa kimsingi ni kuziweka mbegu zikiwa safi, zilizokauka na penye baridi. § Mbegu zitolewe kutoka kwa tunda na kukaushwa vizuri. Kukausha mbegu, ziweke kwenye jua kwa siku mbili au tatu. § Kuziweka katika karatasi au mkebe nje kwenye jua ni vizuri (epuka makaratasi ya mipira kwani huzifanya mbegu kutoa jasho na kuoza). Hakikisha mkebe ni safi na usioingiza hewa. § Andika mkebe jina la mbegu na tarehe ya kukusanya. § Kumbuka kuwa uwezo wa mbegu wa kuota hupungua wakati unapopita. Kama mbegu imewekwa kwa muda mrefu sana, inaweza kuharibika. Baadhi ya aina hupoteza uwezo wa kuota kwa haraka zaidi ya aina zingine. 9. Mbegu zote huota? Asilimia ya mbegu zinazoota hutofautiana sana kati ya aina. Mbegu zingine huhitaji aina ya maandalizi ya kabla. 10. Tutapandaje mbegu? § Mbegu zingine zinazoota kwa urahisi zaweza kuoteshwa moja kwa moja shambani au mifukoni. Aina zinanazohitaji hali maalum ili kuota huoteshwa katika kitalu kwanza. § Kumbuka kuwa mbegu zingine zitahitaji matayarisho ya kabla. § Muda unaotumika na mbegu kuota hulingana na aina ya mbegu, joto, kiasi cha maji kilichopo na umri wa mbegu. § Kwa ujumla, kupanda hufanyika kabla ya msimu wa mvua kuanza. § Kama mwongozo wa kijumla, kama mbegu zinapandwa moja kwa moja shambani, zinafaa kupandwa kina mara mbili au tatu upana wake na zafaa kufunikwa ilara kwa udongo. Udongo lazima ubaki wenye unyevu baada ya kupanda. § Maelekezo kuhusu vbitalu yanafuata. 11. Je, miche hukua tu kutoka kwa mbegu? Baadhi ya aina za miti hutoa vioteo (yaami mimea change kukua kutokana na mizizi ya mmea mzazi). Hivi vyaweza kukatwa na kupandikizwa, Chukua kitawi kutoka kwa mti mchanga kilichona pingili na utumie vipandikizi hivi. Chagua tawi refu lenye afya na ukate mara moja kwa upande na kutoa majani. 

Panda kipandikizi udongoni angalau kina cha pingili mbili, na ngalau tumba moja likionekana juu ya udongo na ukiweke kipandikizi hiki kikiwa chenye maji hadi kuchipuka kuonekane. Miti inayokuzwa kwa nia hii itakuwa na sifa sawa na zile za mmea mzazi na yaweza kuwa saidifu wakati unahitaji kuhakikisha kuwa mti wa matunda wenye uzalishaji umekuzwa. Kazi ya kufanywa na wanacluster katika mkutano Katika mkutano wa cluster yako, gawa washirika katika vikundi vya watu tano kufika kumi. Uliza kila kikundi kuchagua aina ya mti iliyo nzuri kwa TISTmti hutakaokaa muda mrefu na ulio wenye faida kwa mazingira. Wakumbushe kuchagua kiongozi na msaidizi wake. Kazi hii ni kutafuta ujuzi ufuatao kuhusu kila aina ya mti: - Jina la mti–Maelezo kuhusu mbegu - Mahali karibu pazuri pa kupata mbegu hiyo- Ukusanyaji wa mbegu- Njia ya kuweka–Njia ya kutayarisha mbegu–Njia ya kukuza Wape dakika kumi za kufanya kazi hiyo, halafu huwaulize kila kikundi kuleta ripoti. Tafadhali andika ujuzi huu katika kitabu chako na uje nacho katika mkutano huo mwingine wa mafunzo. Waweza kuona njia iliyo hapa ya kunakiri haya ikiwa mwafaka: Jina ya Cluster: Jina la mti Maelezo kuhusu mbegu Mahali karibu pazuri pa kupata mbegu hiyo Ukusanyaji wa mbegu Njia ya kuweka Njia ya kutayarisha mbegu Njia ya kukuza KISWAHILI VERSION 5 Ujuzi kuhusu ukusanyaji wa aina chache za mbegu Jina la kisayansi Rangi ya tunda lililokomaa Kutoa mbegu na kusafisha Acacia mangium Hudhurungi yenye giza kufika Mbegu huwekwa kwa gunia na kupigwa kwa wepesi. Mbegu ndipo hupepetwa. nyeusi Aleurites moluccena Hudhurungi yenye njano Matunda yanafinyiliwa au kupigwa kwa wepesi halafu kuoshwa na kukaushwa. Alstonia scholaris Njano yenye hudhurungi Matunda hukaushwa chini ya kivuli hadi yanapofunguka na mbegu kutolewa. Mbegu ndipo hupepetwa Anacerdium occidentale Njano yenye wekundu Mbegu hutolewa kwa matunda na kukaushwa Azadirachta indica Kijani chenye njano Matunda hufinyiliwa kwa mkono. Mbegu huoshwa na kukaushwa. Calamus manan Hudhurungi yenye njano Matundwa yanasuguliwa moja dhidi ya linguine ili kutoa ngozi ya juu na kuoshwa. Calliandra Calathyrsus Nyeusi (na lililokauka) Maganda huwekwa katika gunia na kupigwa kwa wepesi. Mbegu ndipo hupepetwa. 

Matunda yanafinyiliwa na kupigwa kwa wepesi halafu kuoshwa na kukaushwa. Canarium Ovatum Hudhurungi yenye giza Maganda yanavunjwa. Mbegu ndipo hupepetwa Dalbergia latifolia Hudhurungi (na rahisi kuvunja) Matunda hukaushwa hadi yanafunguka na mbegu kutolewa. Mbegu ndipo inapepetwa Dyera costulata Hudhurungi (na rahisi kuvunja) Matunda hukaushwa hadi yanafunguka na mbegu kutolewa. Mbegu ndipo inapepetwa Enterolobium cyclocarpumHudhurungi yenye giza Maganda yanavunjwa na kupigwa hadi mbegu kutoka. Mbegu inaoshwa na kukaushwa Eucalyptus urophylla Kijani chenye Hudhurungi Matunda yanakaushwa hadi yanapojifungua na mbegu kutoka. Mbegu ndipo hutolewa yenye giza kutoka kwa uchafu na kupepetwa. Eusideroxylon zwageri Njano Matunda huloweshwa kwa maji na kusuguliwa ili kutoa sehemu majimaji. Mbegu inaoshwa na kukaushwa. Fagraea fragrans Hudhurungi yenye giza Matunda yanasuguliwa dhidi ya kichungi hadi mbegu inapotawanyika. Mbegu inachungwa tena hallafu kupepetwa. Gliricidia sepium Hudhurungi yenye njano Maganda huwekwa katika gunia na kupigwa kwa wepesi. Mbegu ndipo hupepetwa. Gmelina arborea Kijani chenye njano Matunda yanawekwa katika gunia na kupigwa kwa wepesi. (na lililoanguka Mbegu inaoshwa ili kutoa sehemu majimaji. Hopea mengarawan Hudhurungi nyepesi Mabawa yanakatwa kutokana na mbegu. (na lililoanguka) Intsia bijuga Kijani chenye hudhurungi Matunda yanakaushwa hadi yanapofunguka na mbegu kutolewa. Mbegu ndipo inapepetwa. Leucaena leucocephala Hudhurungi yenye njano Maganda yanavunjwa.

 Mbegu inapepetwa Palaquium sp Njano Matunda yanafinyiliwa kwa mkono. Mbegu inaoshwa na kukaushwa Paraserianthes falcataria Njano Maganda yanapokuwa hudhurungi yanawekwa katika gunia na kupigwa kwa wepesi Pinus merkusii Kijani chenye njano Maganda yaliyokauka huwekwa katika gunia na kuvunjwa kwa kusuguliwa hadi mbegu inapotoka. Mbegu inasuguliwa kwa wepesi ili kutoa sehemu majimaji, inaoshwa na kukaushwa. Santalum album Nyeusi yenye wekundu Matunda yanavunjwa na kufinyiliwa kwa mkono. Mbegu inatolewa kwa sehemu majimaji, kuoshwa na kukaushwa Sesbania grandiflora Njano Maganda yanawekwa katika gunia na kupigwa kwa wepesi. Mbegu ndipo hupepetwa. Shorea javanica Hudhurungi (na lililoanguka) Mabawa yanatolewa kutoka kwa mbegu Swietenia macrophylla Hudhurungi (na rahisi kuvunja) Matunda yanavunjwa. Mabawa yanatolewa. Mbegu inapepetwa Tamarindus indica Hudhurungi yenye njano Matunda yanavunjwa na kufinyiliwa kwa mkono. Mbegu inatolewa kwa sehemu majimaji, kuoshwa na kukaushwa Tectona grandis Hudhurungi yenye giza Matunda yanasuguliwa moja dhidi ya linguine ili kutoa ngozi halagu mbegu inapepetwa KISWAHILI VERSION 6 T aka ni kitu chochote kinachotokana na mazi za binadamu na yaweza kukosa utumizi wa mara moja, na ni pamoja na: ¾ Choo cha binadamu ¾ Uchafu wa nyumba kama mabaki ya chakula. ¾ Makaratasi yasiyotumika ¾ Mifuko ya mpira ¾ Chuma, betri zimeisha (seli kavu) ¾ Maji taka sludge nk Ni nini husababisha shida za taka katika eneo lako? Taka haiwezi kuepukika lakini yafanywa kuwa shida zaidi na: ¾ Matumizi mabaya ya rasilimali ¾ Ukosefu wa njia za kutumia tena ¾ Ukosefu wa mahali pa kutupa taka (mashimo ya taka, vyoo vya kuchimba) ¾ Ukosefu wa ujuzi wa hatari za usimamizi mbaya wa taka Usimamizi mbaya wa taka husababisha ¾ Uchafuzi wa mashamba na viwanja, kupoteza urembo wa eneo hilo ¾ Uchafuzi wa maji, hewa na udongo ¾ Kuenea kwa magonjwa ¾ Kufungana kwa paipu za kuondoa maji taka ¾ Sumu na moshi mbaya kutokana na betri nzee Watoto na wanyama waweza kupata sumu au kuumizwa wakiokota na kucheza na mawe mazee na taka nyinginezo. Kikundi kidogo chako chaweza kufanya nini kutatua shida hii? ¾ Kupunguza kutengeneza kwa taka. ¾ Fikiria kutumia vifaa vinavyotumia nishati kutokana na jua badala ya nishati inayotokana na betri inapowezekana. ¾ Kutumia tena – tumia vitu tena inapowezekana (mfano, mifuko ya mpira) ¾ Kutengeneza mbolea – weka uchafu unaooza (mabaki ya chakula cha binadamu na cha mifugo) kama mbolea ya kutumia katika kulima. ¾ Chimba shimo la taka kiwanjani mwako. ¾ Kumbuka kuchoma makaratasi na kadi pekee. Usichome betri kwani yaweza kulipuka. Yaweke katika vyoo vya shimo. Usimamizi wa taka. 

V ikundi vingi vya TIST hufanya kazi nyingi zinazoonekana: kupanda miti na kuboresha mbinu za ukulima. Wakati kuna kazi nyingi inayohitaji kufanyika, ni vizuri kufanya mpango wa hatua zitakazochukuliwa. Kila mwanakikundi afaa kuambia kikundi ni kitu gani wataweza kufanya katika wiki hiyo. Tutawafunza nyinyi na kikundi chenu jinsi ya kufanya mpango wa hatua zitakachochukulia kufanya kazi hiyo. Tafadhali gawana haya na wanakikundi wengine wakati wa mkutano. Hatua ya Utekelezaji ni iliyo: § Maalum. § Inayoonekana (Nzi iliyo ukutani yaweza kukuona ukifanya!) § Inayopimika. § Iliyo na mwanzo na mwisho. § Hakikisha hatua yako ya utekelezaji ni itakayowezekana na unayoweza kufikia! Kwa mfano, kusema ‘Nitapanda miti’ si hatua ya Utekelezaji kwa sababu ni taarifa ya ujumla. ‘Nitafanya kazi asubuhi tatu wiki hii kupandikiza miche sabini na tano shambani letu jipya’ ni hatua ya utekelezaji kwa sababu ni iliyo maalum (kupandikiza miche sabini na tano), inayoonekana (watu waweza kukuona ukifanya), inayopimika (miche sabini na tano, asubuhi tatu) na ina mwanzo na mwisho (mwishoni mwa siku tatu utaona matokeo). Kikundi chako kitakapokutana tena, ruhusu dakika tano mwishoni mwa mkutano ili kila mtu aripoti kuhusu hatua yake mwenyewe ya utkelezaji. Kila mtu haraka: (1) Aambie kikundi hatua yake ya utekelezaji ya wiki iliyopita. (2) Aseme ni nini chenyewe alichofanya. (3) Aseme hatua yake ya utekelezaji ya wiki inayofuata. Kama huyo mtu alifanikiwa katika hatua yake ya utekelezaji, kikundi kinasherehekea fanikio hilo. Ikiwa, kama mara mengi inavyotokea, mwanakikundi ameweza kufanikiwa kufikia kiwango fulani cha lengo lake, kikundi kimtie nguvu na kisimkosoe au kumtia lawama. Watu wanapoweza kugawana bila hofu kuhusu mafanikio na kutofaulu kwao, watahimizwa kufanya vyema zaidi wiki inayofuatilia. Himiza wana kikundi chako kufikiria hatua za utekelezaji zinazowezekana. Hakikisha kila mojawapo ni maalum, inapimika na inawezekana! Gawana na msherehekee hatua za utekelezaji kikundi chako kilichotimiza. 

Hatua za utekelezaji unapofanya hatua za mipango Njia sawa yaweza kutumiwa unapopangia kitu. Hapa ni mfano katika mabano. Wakati kikundi chako kinapopanga kitakavyofanya, hakikisha mipango yenu ni: Specific- Maalum (Kikundi chetu cha TIST kitapanda miti elfu moja katika hospitali mtaani kabla ya tarehe thelathini, Novemba) Measurable- Inapimika (Ngapi? - Miti elfu moja itapandwa) Achievable/Realistic – Inayoweza kufikiwa (Kikundi chetu cha TIST chaweza kupanda miti elfu moja katika muda wa wiki tano- miti mia moja kila jumanne na alhamisi, miti kumi kwa kila mmoja kila kila siku) Time-bound- Inapimiwa muda (Ina mwanzo na mwishotutapanda miti kati ya tarehe kumi na tano, Octoba hadi tarehe thelathini Novemba) Observable- Inaonekana (Nzi ukutani yaweza kutuona tukipanda miti. ) SMARTO! Huu ni mwongozo na kipimo cha hatua zako za utekelezaji na unakusaidia kuwa maalum: 1) Nini – (Kupanda miti elfu moja) 2) Nani – (Wana Kikundi kidogo cha TIST kwa jina) 3) Lini – (Octoba 15 – Novemba 30) 4) Wapi – (Hospitalini) 5) Aje – (Tutakutana kila Jumanne na Alhamisi alasiri baada ya joto la siku na kuchimba mashimo, halafu tupande miti) 6) Kwa nini – (Kuboresha eneo linalozunguka hospitali, tuwe na kivuli zaidi kwa wagonjwa na wageni, watu waweze kukaa chini ya miti na kivuli kitafanya hospitali iwe baridi zaidi. ) Sasa, jaribu kujizoesha kufanya hatua za mipango katika mkutano wako wa kikundi kidogo ujao. Mienendo bora zaidi ya vikundi vidogo ya kufanya mambo tofauti: Hatua za kuchukua na kupangia hatua. Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501 TIST: Kukolany’a Mbeu. Page 2 TIST: Kusuvia Kiko. Page 6 Mawiko maseo ma tukundi tunini, matambya maosa na walany’o wa meko/wiko. Page 6 Inside: Clasta ya Wiyumiririe wakiwa katika mkutano wao tarehe 17/6/2019. August 2019 Newsletter Mazingira Bora TIST is an innovative, time - tested, afforestation program led by the participants. Not for sale www .tist.org Kikamba Version KIKAMBA VERSION 2 TIST: Kukolany’a Mbeu. Makulyo undu wa kumbany’a na kukolany’ambeu na mausungio 1. Ni muthemba wiva wa muti waile umea kisioni kyaku? Mithemba miseo ya miti ni miti ila itonya umea kisioni vate mundu kulikiliila. 

Ala methiwa nthini wa TIST nimathuthaw’a kaingi kuvanda miti ila itonya kwimesya isioni syoo kana miti ya kiene na mithemba ingi na kwikala iteutemwa vandu va ilungu ya myaka miongo ili kana mbeange. 2. Ni miti yoonthe miseo? Ti lasima kila muti withiwe wi museo! mithemba imwe noyithiwe yi vinya kumiea, ingi ukethia ni sumu kwa indo, kana kwa kiw’u. Sakua miti ila wisi niya vaita kwa kisio kyaku. TIST ndyendeeawa ni aimi kuvanda misanduku nundu kuvanda miti ino nikuolaa kiw’u kila kimuthangani. 3. Miti nuyumasya mbindi/ mbei kila mwaka? Miti mingi kwaw’o nisyaa na kunengane mbeu kila mwaka, Indi niwaile usyaaisya miti ila yi kisioni kyaku nikana umanye nesa. Miti imwe no ithiwa yumasya mbeu /mbindi nzeo itina wa myaka ili kana itatu. 4. Ni miti yiva yina usya museo wa kwa kwosa mbeu?

 • Kolany’a mbeu kuma miti ila yina uima museo 

• Ndukendeew’e ni mbeu sya miti ila imeete vandu yiyoka

 • Ndukendeew’e ni miti ila itasyaa nesa na yina mbeu syina umbo muthuku. 

• Nikaa kuyuva muti ula ukwosany’a mbeu wi katikati wa miti ingi miseo ya muthemba umwe nundu ninenganae mbeu nzeo ya muthemba usu wa muti.

 • Umbany’a mbeu kuma ngavani kivathukany’o sya muti ula wa sakua. Kuma: Robbins, 2004 nzakua muti mbeu kuma mutini musyai museo. 

• Ni useo kwosany’a mbeu kuma mitini inyiva mithemba 30. Kii kitetheeasya kwithiwa na mithemba mingi. Osany’a mbeu kuma mitini yina utaaniu wa 50m - 100m nikana ukwate mbeu kivathukany’o na syaile. • Muthemba wa muti kaingi uamuawa ni vata wa muti ula ukwenda. - Ngelekany’o, kwi miti minzeo kwa mbau nayo ni ila imeaa ukethia ni miasa na ndina ngava mbingi na yianaa kwa mituki na ndithuthawa. - Miti miseo kwa uithyo wa indo nayo yaile ithiwa yi miti ikwiana mituki, yina uthui na ngava mbingi, na itonnya kuthongooa na mituki. - Miti miseo ya matunda yaile ithiwa yina usyao museo wa matunda, ngava syi nthi kana syi vakuvi, na itonya kwiana na mituki. 

• Tata usakue mbeu kuma mitini ila yianaa na mituki muthangani, nzeveni, na utuluni umwe na vala ukwenda uvanda. 

• Nzakua miti miimu na ti ila yesanga. Miti miviku yithiawa na mbeu /mbindi mbingi kwi muti munini. 5. Ni indii tukolanasya mbeu? 

• Ivundisye kuwosany’a mbeu yitunda yeew’a 

• Kulya andu ma kisio/atui maku kana usyaiisye muti we mwene. Ingi mbindi/ngii nisyithiawa syeew’a yila ikonde yavindua langi, syooma kana itonya utilika mituki kuma ngavani.Ingi nzuu nisyiw’aa kwa kuvindu ikonde kuma langi wa kisusuni(ngilini) kutwika langi wa kaki/ muthanga. Syisya musolo itina ithanguni yii wone ngelekany’o. KIKAMBA VERSION 3 

• Mbindi mbingi syithiawa tayali syavaluka kuma mutini 

• Lilikana kuvoya mwanya wakwosa mbeu/ mbindi / ngii kuma kwa mwene muti 

• Wa mina kumbanya mbeu weekia vala weekia lilikana kuandika isyitwa ya muti, matuku ma kumivuua na niva wamyumya. 6. Nata tukolanasya mbeu?

 • Nuseo kuthesya ungu wa muti ula tukwosany’a mbeu. Mbindi/Ngii mbingi nitonya kwosyanw’a ungu wa muti sya valuka. Onakau niwaile eteela ila ukwo syi mbiku nesa ukethe syo sya valuka. Ndukaeke syikale muno vau uthi nundu nitonya kwaa. Syisya kana ni ndonye, syina uwau kana ni mbanangiku mbee wa kusyosania. Ngii/mbindi ta sya Tectona grandis (teak), Gmelina arborea(gmelina) Aleurites moluccana (candlenut) nikolanaw’a kwa nzia ino. 

• Mundu no kulisa mutini kwuvuua mbeu lakini wisuvia kuvaluka!

 • Matunda amwe ma miti momaa na kwatuka na kunyaiikya mbeu nthi. Kwosany’a mbeu ino yavaluka kwivinya muno ethiwa ngii/mbindi syayo ni nini. Osany’a mikea kana matunda ma miti taino meew’a vandu va kweteela yatuke na kuyaiikya mbeu.Anika vandu vaseo vatheu wisi syaatuka ii nutonya kumbania na kwosa mbeu. 

• Mbeu imwe nutonya ukuna na muti muasa ivaluke. 

• Tata wie kyandalua ungu wa muti ula ukumia mbeu na uithingithya o kavola wite mbindi/ngii. 

• Kwa miti ila miasa nutonya umiseuvisya mboloi uitumia muti muasa kwa kuwoveea mukasi kwokoni kumwe na ikanda kula kungi. 

• Manya mithemba imwe ya mbeu nditonya ukolany’a yavaluka indi no yeemesya ungu wa muti usu. Niwithiaa tumiti tumeete ungu wa muti uyu na vaa nivo waile usakua tula tuseo na kutwaa kivuioni na tuvisu. Ino niyo nzia ila nzeo muno kwa mithemba ya miti ila yi vinya kumea kana mbeu syayo syi vinya kukolany’a. 

• Mbeu syoothe nisyaile umwa mikeani kana matundani. uu nutonya kwikwa na kw’oko kana kwanikia sua syiyatue. 7. Nata utonya umanya mbeu ni nzeo? 

• Mbee ni kwa kusisya na kuveta ila nini kwi ila ingi, ila syina langi utailye ta iingi, ila mbanange ni tusamu. 

• Osa mbeu imwe watue usisye nthini kana ni mbiku na kana niyithiwa na muiinyu. 

• Kwa ngii/mbindi imwe ila syina kikonde kyumu no uivathukany’e kwa kwikia kiw’uni nundu ila nthuku nithambalalaa (Nundu maima ma ngulu na itema ya ngii ino enthiwa ti iviku niyitiaa maima ma nzeve) 

• Kwa mbeu imwe nuvathukanasya kwa kusunga kana kuulukya na nzele kuveta ila mbuthu. KIKAMBA VERSION 4 

• Nutonya kusyimithya mbeu umanye kana nitonya umea. Osa namba nini ya mbeu ila ukolanitye ya ngii ta (20-100) ethiwa nisyaile kuiitwa siiite na syikie ikulani yiu na uilinga, ia vandu vena muutia na tivavyu na uyikalya ikula yii yi yiu kila ivinda na uisiasya kila muthenya wone kana nikumya minguthe.Syambiia umya minguthe ia lekoti ya undu imeete kila muthenya. Iseso yii ya kusyimithya mbeu yaile ikala vandu va ilungu ya syumwa ili kwianana na muthemba wa muti. Ethiwa 50% ya mbeu ila uusyimithasya niyaumya minguthi nuumanya wina mbeu nzeo.Mbeu yina mbindi/ngii nini yina kumea kwa 5% ve vata wa kwiwa. 8. Nituuvanda kana twikita kwia mbeu? • Mithemba imwe ya mbeu ndiakaa yendaa kukethwa ivanditwe (mithemba ila yi na matunda moaa na mituki na ngii ila mbololo, na mbindi/ngii sya miti ya matunda muna muno ila yina mauta maingi). Kwa mbindi ngii ila syina mbindi nyumu mwio wasyo ni ia syi theu, vandu vomu na vathithu.

 • Mbeu niyaile kumwa ikondeni na kwanikwa inyae nesa. Kwanika mbeu syanike suani vandu va mithenya ili kana itatu. • Kwia ithanguni kana mukeve wa kyuma vandu vate sua (nuseo kuleikia ithanguni ya nailoni nundu syanyala nikwoa) Ikkithya vala weekia ni vatheu na niwakunika nesa. 

• Vandika kathangu kena isyitwa ya mbeu, matuku ala woosanisye na niva wamyumisye. 

• Lilikana utonyi wa kumea wa mbeu uendaa uolekete kwianana na ivinda yila uendee na kwia mbeu ino. 9. Ni mbeu syoothe sumasya ming’uthe kana kumea? 

• Kilio kya mbeu/ngii/mbindi ila iume muno iamuawa ni muthemba wa muti ula syumite. Imwe nisyendaa kuiitwa be na uu ukalew’a ithanguni ya mwaini w keli. 

• Yila uukolany’a mbeu lilikana imwe waia nikusaa, imwe nikwiiaa kivuioni, na ingi iithamwa kuma kivuioni. Kwoou uyu nundu wa ikia maanani yila uuvanda kana kikundi kyenyu kiuvuia kina kieleelo kya kwithiwa na miti kiasi kina nonginya mongele mbeu ila meuvuiia na yila meukolanya mbeu. 10. Nata tutonya uvanda mbeu? 

• Mbeu ila imeaa vate thina no ivamwe imwe vala yaile. Mithemba ila yendaa kusesengwa niyaile uvuiwa kivuioni mbee wa utwawa kithekani. 

• Ivinda yila mbeu ikukua kumea yitengemea muthemba wa mbeu, uvyuvu, kiw’u na ivinda yila mbeu yiithiitwe yiitwe. 

• Uvandi niwambiia oyila mbua yambiia.

 • Kwoondu wa ukutongoesya kwa uvandi ni vanda ngii uliku wa kundu kwili kana kutatu kwa uthathau wa ngii/mbindi na ikalya muthanga wi mwiu.

 • Umanisyo iulu wa kuseuvya ivuio ukanenganwe ivinda ya uvundisyo ungi. 11. Niw’o mbeu ya mbindi/ngii noyo itonya utune tumiti? 

• Mithemba imwe niyumasya nthongoo ila (nthongoo ithi syithiawa imeete kuma miini ya miti ila iisyaite) itumiawa ta mbeu kwa kutemwe kana kukuwa na kuvandwa vandu vangi. 

• Matilo ma miti ni mosawa kuma ngavani sya miti na methiawa na metho kana kundu kwa kuthongooela kuinyiva kutatu. Usakua itilo sisya ukava ula utena kitau, uwau na mutheu tila ta usavite. veta matu vanda itilo yii muthangani metho eli me ungu wa muthanga na yimwe yisa. Endeea na ungithya nginya wone niyakwata na yambiia kuthongooa. Muti wa uvanda uu withiawa uilyi ta muti ula waumisye mbeu na nundu utonya utuma uvanda muti museo wa matunda. Umbano wa ngwatanio Yila mwina umbano wa kila mwai aanai ikundi sya andu 6-10. Kulya kila kikundi kisakue muthemba wa muti ula museo kwa TIST kwa ivinda iasa nawina vaita kwa mawithyululuko. Lilikanya kila amwe masakue mutongoi na munini wake. kii nikutetheesya kwosa uvoo uu iulu wa kila muthemba wa muti: - Isyitwa ya muti, uelesyo wa mbeu yaw’o, vandu ve vau vakuvi utonya kwosa mbeu, Nzia ya kukolanya I mbeu, Undu wa kumia, undu wa kumiiita na nzia ya kuvanda. Manenge ivinda ya ndatika ikumi kwika undu uu na uikulya kila kikundi kitunge livoti. Andika livoti ino ivukuni na uyuuka nayo ivindani yila yingi kwina umanyisyo. Nowone yui useo kuvanga ta uu Isyitwa ya ngwatanio: Isyitwa ya muti Uelesyo wa mbeu Vala utonya umikwata ukuvini Nzia ya ukolany’a Nzia taKwia Kuiita mbee wa uvanda Nzia ya uvanda KIKAMBA VERSION 5 Vaa ve uvoo iulu wa undu wa ukolany’a mithemba mina ya mbeu Isyitwa ya Botanical Langi wa itunda iviku Undu wa kumya mbeu na kithesya Acacia mangium Dark brown to black Matunda maanikwa suani mekiawa ikuniani na kuvuwa na mayiulukw'a Aleurites moluccena Yellowish-brown (and fallen) Matunda maw'o mavuawa na kuthambw'a na kwanikwa Alstonia scholaris Brownish-yellow Matunda manikawa muunyini na mooma mayatuka na kumya mbindi/ngii ila iulukaw'a Anacerdium occidentale Reddish-yellow Ngii nisumawa itundani na kwanikwa Azadirachta indica Yellowish-green Matunda nimavinyiiawa na kw'oko. Ngii nithamasya na kwanikwa iny'ae Calamus manan Brownish-yellow Matunda nimakiithawa vamwe kumya kikonde kya sana naiithambw'a Calliandra Calathyrsus Dark-brown (and dry) Mikie yikiawa ikuniani na kuvuwa na ngii kuulukw'a Canarium Ovatum Black (and fallen) Matunda nimatuawa kana kuvuwa na iithambw'a na kwanikwa Dalbergia latifolia Dark-brown Mikea nivuawa na mbeu kuulukw'a Dyera costulata Brown (and easy to snap) Matunda nimanikawa na mooma mayatuka na ngii kuma vala iulukaw'a Enterolobium cyclocarpum Dark-brown Mikea ni vuawa na ngii kumwa ila ithambawa na kwanikwa Eucalyptus urophylla Dark brownish-green Matunda nimanikawa maba makatuka na kumya ngii ila isungawa Eusideroxylon zwageri Yellow Matunda nimaindawa na kutitianwa kumya nyama na ngii ithambw'a na kwanikwa Fagraea fragrans Dark-brown Matunda nimatitianaw'a na kisungi kumya ngii na indi iisungwa na kuulukw'a Gliricidia sepium Yellowish-brown Mikea yikiawa ikuniani na kuvuwa na yiulukw'a Gmelina arborea Yellow-green (and fallen) Matunda mekiawa ikuniani na kuvuwa ngii nithambaw'a na kwanikwa Hopea mengarawan Light brown (and fallen) Makonde twaumia mbeuni Intsia bijuga Yellowish-green Matunda manikawa nginya makatuka na kumya ngii ila iulukaw'a Leucaena leucocephala Yellowish-brown Mikea nivuawa na ngii kuulukw'a Palaquium sp Yellow Matunda mavinyiiawa na kw'oko. Ngii nithambaw'a na kwanikwa Paraserianthes falcataria .

Yellow Mikea yooma yikiawa ikuniani na kuvuwa na ngii iyiulukw'a Pinus merkusii Blownish green Syooma nititianaw'a kana kuvuwa syatuke na ngii syauma iyiulukw'a Santalum album Reddish-black Matunda mavinyiiawa na kw'oko na ingii iithambya na kwanikwa Sesbania grandiflora Yellow Mikea yikiawa ikuniani na kuvuwa na ingii iyiulukw'a Shorea javanica Brown (and fallen) Matunda nimatuawa na thwau sya mbindi kuvetwa na iyiulukw'a Swietenia macrophylla Brown (andeasy to break open) Matunda nimatuawa na thwau sya mbindi kuvetwa na iyiulukw'a Tamarindus indica Yellowish-brown Matunda nimatuawa na kuvinyiiwa na kw'oko. Ngii nithambaw'a na kwanikwa Tectona grandis Yellowish-brown (and fallen) Matunda nimakiithanaw'a na ngii kuulukwa kumya ikonde. KIKAMBA VERSION 6 K iko ni kindu kyothe kithiawa kitena vaita kyumanaa na utumii wa syindu wa mundu ila ni ta:- 

• Mai ma mundu/ Maumao

 • Matiolyo ma liu, kiko kuma miioni

 • Mathangu matenawia 

• Syuma ila nguu na mavia ma tosi 

• Mathangu ma nailoni 

• Kiko kuma kambunini Ni Kyau kietae thina wa mavuti kisioni kyenyu? Kiko na mavuti no muvaka indi utwikaa nthina ethiwa

 • Ethiwa syindu iiutumiwa nesa 

• Kukosa nzia sya usyoka utumia kiko/takataka usu 

• Kukosa kundu kwa kwikya kiko ta Syoo namaima ma kiko 

• Kukosa umanyi iulu wa muisyo wa kiko Thina ula uetawe ni kuko kyalea kuungamiwa undu vaile 

• Kiko na mavuti kila vandu 

• Kukosa wanake wa vandu

 • Kuthokoania kiw’u, muthanga na kuete ma uwau

 • Vinga nzia sya kiw’u

 • Kumya miuke yi sumu ta mavia ma tosi makua

 • Syana na indu ni ilikwa ni sumu uyu ta syana iithauka na mavia ma tosi makuu na kiko kingi Nata tutonya kwika ta kakundi kanini kutetheesya nthina uyu? 

• Kuola nzia ila ietae kiko 

• No tutumie vinya wa sua vandu va mavia ma tosi 

• Kutumia ingi kila kitumiika ta mathangu ma nailoni ma ukua syindu

• Kuseuvya vuu wa yiima wa kutumika mundani.

 • Inza yiima musyi kwaku ya kiko • Lilkana kuvivya mathangu ala mate ma niloni.

 • Ndukavivye mavia ma tosi maikavulike na kuuvivya indi ikia kyooni. TIST: Kusuvia Kiko. N gwatanio na ikundi sya TIST nisyikaa maundu maingi ta kuvanda miti na kwongela utuika wa nima. Yila kwina wia mwingi ni useo kwosa matambya na kutavya kila umwe kila wailwe nikwithiwa avikiite kyumwa kiithela. 

Nituu mumanyisya undu wa kuvanga na matambya maosa. kwandaia neenanisyai kana utavye angi ma kakundi kenyu yila mwakomana mbumbanoni. Itambya ya meko ni kindu:- 

• Kiamuitwe nikiva.

 • Kitonya kwoneka.

 • Kitonya uthimwa.

 • Kina mwambiio na muthya. 

• Ikiithya itambya na wiko yila woosa noyivikike na yina kitumi. Kwa ngelekany’o ‘Ni nguvanda miti” usu nuneeni ti wiko .“Kyumwa kii nithukuma mithenya itatu kumya miti 75 kivuioni na kumivanda vala yaile” yii ni itambya ya meko nundu niwinengete nginya ivinda ya kukuna wia uu. No yoneke nundu nukwoneka uivanda, ve kwambiia na kumina nundu itina wa ila mithenya itatu nitukwona undu wikite. Yila kakundi kenyu koombana mwiikithya nimwoosa ndatika ta 20 kila umwe kuweta itambya ya meko yila wosete okwa mituki. Kila umwe akaweta:- Itambya yila wosete kyumwani kiu kithelu Mawete kila mekite Na maiweta ni itambya na wia ungi mwau mekwika kyumwa kiatiie. Kethiwa umwe ni wa vitukiwa ni itambya yake kikundi kyothe kikatana nundu wa kwithiwa niwikite nesa. Na ethiwa mundu akivikia yusu ya walany’o wake kikundi kikamuthuthya kumina indi ti kumutula muti na kumutalila makosa. Nundu yila andu meyelene na ukethia useo kwa umwe kana uvaluku nomawetanie na kuthuthania kwindu wa kwika nesa mbee. Thuthania tukundi tunini na kutaana iulu wa matambya na mawalany’o ala mutonya kwika kwona kila umwe akitana na kuvikia mawendi ma TIST kwa vamwe. Itambya ya wiko na walany’o wa itambya Nzia ino no itumike kwia walany’o ta wa mbee kwa ngelekany’o yila kakundi kenyu ke kwia walany’o ikiithya. Amuai undu mukwika (Kakundi kaitu ka TIST nikeuvanda miti 1,000 tuivika November 30th) Kithimo (Yiana? - 1000 miti nikuvandwa) Niuvikiika ( kakundi kaitu no kavande miti 1000 kwa ivinda ya sumwa itano - 100miti kila wakeli na waka, miti ikumi kwa kila umwe kwa muthenya mithenyani isu) Ivinda (vena kwambiia na kumina - ta twivanda miti kuma October 15 kinya November 30) Kwoneka (wia uyu no woneke ona ni kaki ke ukutani) UI! Kii ni kithimi kya matambya na mawiko na ni kitetheeasya kwithiwa na kuamua 1. Ata - Kuvanda miti 1000. 2. Nuu - Kakundi kanini ka TIST - ene kwa masyitwa. 3. Indii - Oct 15 - Nov 30. 4. Va - kiwanzani kya sivitali. 5. Kwa nzia yiva - Kukomana kila wakeli na wakana iya mawiyoo na kwisa maima naindi kuvanda miti. 6. Niki - Kwailya mawithyululuko ma sivitali , kwithiwa vena muunyi awau na ala mavika vau sivitali matonya kwikala na kuikiithya ona sivitali niyeethiwa na uthithu kumana na nzeve ila ikuma mitini. Yu tatai kwosa itambya ya kwika itambya ya wiko yila muukomana ingi wumbanoni. Mawiko maseo ma tukundi tunini, matambya maosa na walany’o wa meko/wiko. 

Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846 501 TIST: Kayumetab kesuwek. Page 2 TIST Ngetunonik che chang. Page 6 Practice che koron en Groupishek che meng’ech: Steps chebo boishonik ak panganet. Page 6 Inside: Clasta ya Wiyumiririe wakiwa katika mkutano wao tarehe 17/6/2019. August 2019 Newsletter Mazingira Bora TIST is an innovative, time - tested, afforestation program led by the participants. Not for sale www .tist.org Kipsigis Version KIPSIGIS VERSION 2 TIST: Kayumetab kesuwek. Kesuwek tebutik ak Wolutik. 1. Miten ketik chegimuchi kemin ek kaa Ochon ketik choton? Ketik chegororonen kochon kiinyortoi icheget ko kigorut. En TIST kemwoe kele kemin kou Logoek ak cheboo kipkaa ak alak cheimuchi kotar kenyisiek 20 ak kosir. 2. Kororonen ketik Tugul? Ketik tugul komogororon, amun alak komokimuchi kerib amun tinye sumu alagei koebek chechang.Konyol ye gole ketik ichigil chenomegei ak ole imenye.Ketik cheu Chepkogutgei (Eucalyptus) ko bose beek en Emet. 3. Tos tinye keswek ketik en kenyit? Ee unoton en ketik alak.Akomising Iger en ketik chemiten kaa.Alak Komuchi kotar kenyisiek 2-3. 4. Oinon ketik neimuchi kenyorunen keswek chegororonen? • Lewen kesuwek chebo ketit nekararan 

• Ketik nemiten inegen komat inemu kesuwek,motinye chekororonen.

 • Ketit ne motinye iton komat ibut 

• Cheng ketit ne miten kwenutab ketik chenin anan chegergei. 

• Iyumenkesuwek en kebeberuwek cheter ak cheter. Lewen Ketik Chetinye Kesuwek Chegororon. 

• Karan missing iyum kesuwek en ketik chechang kegetoton,ago che motinye kosibiny. 

• Tiyengei Kesuwek cheimoche imin boisiet ne imoginigei kou; v Kou chebo bogoinik komoche che kiteta,che motinye temenik chechang ak sogek v Chebo tuga kemoche chechogu ago chetinye sogek chechang ak temenik chechang. v Chebo logoek ,kotinye togek chegororon chetiny temenik che ngerinen ago chechogu. v Lewen keswek chenomegei ak Ole imenye;Konamgei ak ngungunyek. v Lewen ketik ne kongat amun ketit ne ngarngar komotinye kesuwek chegororon. 5. Kasarta ainon ne Keleweni Kesuwek? Ø Rib kasarta kenyit ye rurio Logoek. Ø Teben biik alak alan isochigen ak inye Ø Bitunen waletabgei en Logoek konam alak kobotiyo anan koyatak motogoik kometo kesuwek. KIPSIGIS VERSION 3 Ø Ye inyoru chemiten nguong ko tinye koborunet kole kogongiyo. Ø Nyoru chomchinet en nebo imbaret iyum kesuwek. Ø Cheng motoget negararan nebo kesuwek ak isir torigit ak kainetab kesuwot. 6. Ole Komuchi Kiyumta Ano Kesuwek?

 • Nebotai ko Isuach ketit kel kolabait asi kobuti nguong kesuwek ak irib amun alagei ko kigochut susurik. 

• Alage kelonye asi kinem logoek 

• Imuchi iite Tantaruwet ak itumtum ketit. 

• Alagei komogimuchi kenyor kesuwek amun ibe koristo koloe gitun-ketik kon;Aonet ,Nadi flame ak alak. 

• Alagei koyoche ketorms ak ketor kesuwek • Ketit angetugul kotinye Oret ne kimuchi kinemunen kesuwek. 7. Ole kimuchi kamwa kele kororonen kesuwek? ü En Keret kotinye besiet amun alak komengechen alak kotinye itondo ne magergei ago tugul ko kesuwek chebo kot agenge. ü Ker kesuwot angenge ngo kongat anan kotinye sususrik. ü En kesuwekchuton miten cheimuchi koib koristo koboru kole mogorororen. ü Yon imoche igue igogorororon kesuwek imuchi inemu kesuwek (20-100) ak inde ole inyuot amta inde bek,Rib anyun en kila betu kotgoit wekisiek Oeng ingany Ole kimoguto kesuwek. KIPSIGIS VERSION 4 8. Komuchi Kemin anan Kegonor Kersuwek? o Kesuwek alagei komotinye Kegonor asi tu kemin .Kimine en kasarta amun tesetai kongoti alak kotinye Magatet neu neyoche kebetes asi kinem kesuwot. o Ye igonori kesuwet ko mat inde sabebe amun igochi konun kesuwot. o Inde kainet ak torigit lolet ne gende kesuwek. o Mat kogage kesuwek amun tun komonyor bitet ne kararan. 9. Igotos Kesuwek Tugul? § Tinye besiet kesuwek kosibgei ak terchinetab ketik alak kotore betusiek che ngerin ko alak koibe betusiek chechang. § Ye imine kesuwek Komuchi alak komeiyo alagei kobegu en kabet. 10. Kimuchi keminta ano kesuwek? v Kesuwek alak komuchib kemin ko moginde kabeti alak kindo motogoik asitun kemin. v Kesuwek alak kotinyengei kasarta bek ak burgeiyet. v En abogora k o kararan kegol kesuwet en kasarta ne momite Robta v Tagenyoru Lesonit nebo kabeti en kasta nenyo 11. Kinyorunen Ketik kasuwek kitiyo? a) Ketik alagei kimuchi kenyor en tigitikab ketik kinemu a kemin. b) Miten kora chemotinye kesuwek ago kimuchi ketil ak ketumda en ngunguyek,alak kotinye chego toreti missing korut alak kobo logoek. Boisiet en tuiyetab kilasta. En yon miten tuiyetab kilasta kebchei biik koyob kobureito nebo biik (6-10) asi Komuchi kogo agetugul kesuwek chebo ketik nenin ne kararan negoi ago neimuci kowal itondab Emet .Ingolewen kodoindet ak Rubeiwot asi Komuchi kosir kou ni kainetab keti- kesuwot - Ole kimuch kenyorchi-Kigesto Ono – Konorenyin-KeribtoKolenyin. En let anyun Kogon kurubit agetugul Karenyuan. Konor wolutichuton asi tun koik Konetisiek en tuiyet neisibu. Cluster Name: Tree Name Seed Description Local collection point Collection method Storage method Pre-treatment method Sowing method KIPSIGIS VERSION 5 A table of information on seed collection for selected species. Botanical name Colour of mature fruit Seed Extraction and cleaning (Related details) Acacia mangium Dark brown to black Fruits are placed in a sack and lightly beaten. Seeds are winnowed. Aleurites moluccena Yellowish-brown (and fallen) Fruits are pressed or lightly beaten and then washed and dried.

 Alstonia scholaris Brownish-yellow Fruits are dried under shaded until they open and seeds are extracted. Seeds are winnowed. Anacerdium occidentale Reddish-yellow Seeds are removed from fleshy fruits and dried. Azadirachta indica Yellowish-green Fruits are hand-squeezed. Seeds are washed and then dried. Calamus manan Brownish-yellow Fruits are rubbed together to remove the outer skin and then washed. Calliandra Calathyrsus Dark-brown (and dry) Pods are placed in a sack and lightly beaten. Seeds are winnowed. Canarium Ovatum Black (and fallen) Fruits are pressed or lightly beaten and then washed and dried. Dalbergia latifolia Dark-brown Pods are crushed. Seeds are winnowed. Dyera costulata Brown (and easy to snap) Fruits are dried until they open and seeds are extracted. Seeds are winnowed. Enterolobium cyclocarpum Dark-brown Pods are crushed and beaten until the seeds are extracted. Seeds are washed and then dried. Eucalyptus urophylla Dark brownish-green Fruits (capsules) are dried until they open and seeds are extracted. Seeds are sieved to separate chaff and other debris. Eusideroxylon zwageri Yellow Fruits are soaked and then rubbed to remove flesh. Seeds are washed and dried. Fagraea fragrans Dark-brown Fruits are rubbed over a sieve until seeds are separated. Seeds are sieved again and winnowed. Gliricidia sepium Yellowish-brown Pods are placed in a sack and lightly beaten. Seeds are winnowed. Gmelina arborea Yellow-green (and fallen) Fruits are placed in sack and lightly beaten. Seeds are washed to remove the pulp and then dried. Hopea mengarawan Light brown (and fallen) Wings are removed from seeds. Intsia bijuga Yellowish-green Fruits are dried until they open and seeds are extracted. Seeds are winnowed. Leucaena leucocephala Yellowish-brown Pods are crushed. 

Seeds are winnowed. Palaquium sp Yellow Fruits are hand-squeezed. Seeds are washed and then dried. Paraserianthes falcataria Yellow After pods turn brown they are placed in sack and lightly beaten. Seeds are winnowed. Pinus merkusii Blownish green Dried cones are placed in a sack and crushed or rubbed together until seeds are extracted. Seeds are gently rubbed to remove wings and then winnowed. Santalum album Reddish-black Fruits are crushed and squeezed by hand. Seeds are separated from the pulp, washed and dried. Sesbania grandiflora Yellow Pods are placed in a sack and lightly beaten. Seeds are winnowed. Shorea javanica Brown (and fallen) Fruits are broken open. Wings are removed from seeds. Seeds are winnowed. Swietenia macrophylla Brown (andeasy to break open) Fruits are broken open. Wings are removed from seeds. Seeds are winnowed. Tamarindus indica Yellowish-brown Fruits are crushed and squeezed by hand. Seeds are separated from the pulp, washed and dried. Tectona grandis Yellowish-brown (and fallen) Fruits are rubbed together to remove the skin and then winnowed. KIPSIGIS VERSION 6 N getunonik chuton ko kitagetugul ne mogitinyen komonut missing; kou:- Ø Omitwogik che mongunen chito. Ø Ngetunonik chebo omitwogik Ø Kartasisiek. Ø Ole kiunchin beek che yachen en town. Ne anyun negonu yoitioni en ole kimenye? Ø Wegetat tuguk chekitinye Ø Mogitinye ortinwek che kimuchi keboisien kora. Ø Mogitinye ole kimuchi kirurugen (korik chemengechen) Ø Mogitinye kabwuatet agobo ngoyondit neimuch kobit. Kewelnatet ne bitu yon mogirib. Ø Ngetunonik en kaa Ø Monyoru keret ne kararan kaa. Ø Nyabiretab beek, koristo, ngungunyek ak bitu myonwek. Ø Timoksei ortinwekab beek. Ø Beterisiek kogonu sumu. Ø Bitu ngemisiet en logok ak tiong’ik. Kogi kurubit ketoretitoi ano? Ø Kebal korik chegiboisien ak keringoik chegimetechin. Ø Keboisien solaisiek ak kemete baterisiek.

 Ø Kegetingei keboisien cheimugosei (kou plastic). Ø Keboisien koik keturek en cheimugosei. Mat kebel beterisiek, torchin keringet. TIST Ngetunonik che chang. G ropishek en TIST koyoe kasishek che hcang che practical: minet’ab ketik ak ripetnywai, ak koimproven temishet. Yon miten kasit newo ne keyoe , ko kararan kechob action steps. Membayat ake tugul komwoi ki neyochin groupit wiki noton. Kipendi kinetok ak groupishek kwok o;e kichopto action planing. Kaikai omdechin membaek alak chebo groupishek chemeng’echen yon omi tuyet. Action step ko kit ne: § Mwoe direct. § Tokunot. § Pimonoshek. § Tinye kanamet ak mwisho. § Yoche ko itchinoshek panganet! Yon kotuyo kora gropitngung’, ichomchi minutishek tamain ko aror chitugul agobo action plan nenyinet. Chi ake tugul en harak: (1) Kit ne kiu action plan nenywan . (2) komwa tuguk che kiyai. (3) Komwa action plan che tinye en wikit ne isupu. Ango ko kibor chito en action plan nenyinet koboiboiyenchin groupit. Angot koimuch kotimisan membayat action plan nenyinet, kokochin muguleldo groupit inendet. Yon kakomuch pik kopchei kabutoshechwaik ak siroshekchwai koibu ki bageng’e en groupit.Igil membaek chebo groupishek che meng’echen koker ole tot kochopto action steps chechwaget. Yoche ko pimonoksek, itchinoksek alak tugul en action steps ichuton. Yon kokotar chi tugul, obchei chuton akityo oboiboiyenchi chuton. Action Steps chebo Action Planning Kimuche kora keboishen oret noton yon kiyoe planning. Ne isubu ko koborunet.yon yoe groupit neng’ung pang’anet iker ile pangonuti choton kou ni: Che tetoyotin (Groupishek che meng’ech en TIST ko mine ketik 1000 en sipitalishek chebo karibu kotomo koit November 30) Pimanoksei (Ata? – Ketik 1000, che kemine) Itchinoksei, (Groupishek che meng’ech komuche komin ketik 1000 en 5wks – 100 ketik en Tuesday ak Thursday, ketik 10, chito age tugul kila petut) Tinye kanamet ak mwisho (October15 agoi November 30) Togu. SMARTO! Inoni ko kit ne iborun ako testen action plan ne karo chob: 1) Ne– (Minet ‘ab ketik 1000) 2) Ng’o– (TIST membaek ‘ab groupishek che meng’echen) 3) ou’– (Oct 15 – Nov 30) 4) Ano – (En sipitali ) 5) namna gani– (kituitosi kil Tuesday ak Thursday jioni yon kokobata asita nepele ketik , akityo kemin ketik) 6) Amune – (Kikararanit compound nepo sipitali ak kechopchi uronok pik che mionidos ak pik chenyokokotisie ) Ingunon jaribunanan oyai action planning en tuyet ne isubu nebo groupit. Practice che koron en Groupishek che meng’ech: Steps chebo boishonik ak panganet.