Mazingira Bora An Environmental,
Sustainable Development and Community Forestry Program. The International Small Group and Tree Planting Program (TIST) NOT FOR SALE www.tist.org ENGLISH VERSION January 2011 Newsletter Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846501 Inside this Newsletter.... TIST Quantifiers:Their accurate and honest work resulted to a successful Validation and Verification of TIST tree groves last month Plant Indigenous Trees. Protect Rivers. Practice Conservation Farming.Attend Monthly Cluster Meetings.Practice Rotational and Servant Leadership.
• A Successful Validation and verification underscore the importance of adhering to TIST Values.
• Plant Trees For A Better Tomorrow
• Termite Trouble: Try indigenous trees!
• Chugu Field Office get new Child Clusters from the Mother Cluster.
• Seed collection
• Join a Cluster or make a Cluster! ENGLISH VERSION 2 Recently, TIST hosted two validators from Environmental Service Inc, a certified US based Validation and Verification Company. The purpose of this visit was to audit the TIST program and ascertain whether our work has been accurate and honest. This is important in assuring our buyers (carbon credit buyers) that what we tell them about Small Group activities is true and correct. This, on the other hand, gives the buyers
confidence and trust in us, hence they are able to buy carbon credits from TIST farmers. Because we abide by TIST Values, we passed validation and verification. This is good news for thousands of our farmers and entire TIST family! This underscores the importance of abiding by TIST Values. Everyone should respect and adhere to TIST Values. Quantifiers should be accurate in the tree counts, and ensure complete baseline or quantification of each group they visit. Auditors must ensure that audits are up to the highest standards, Trainers should ensure farmers get accurate information; Leaders should help hold each other mutually accountable. TIST farmers should keep their word, follow the training guidelines. All of us, should be honest, accurate, transparent, serve one another as we hold each other mutually accountable. Because, in TIST, We are. A Successful Validation and verification
underscore the importance of adhering to TIST Values. When people continue to cut down trees without replacing them, this causes deforestation. The entire nation suffers as water became scarcer. All of us have a responsibility to prevent and take care of our environment. Through planting of indigenous trees, we help ensure that our water catchment areas are conserved and protected. Fruit trees such as mangos, avocadoes and oranges provide us with fruits and nuts. Luciner trees provide fodder for our cattle, and many other trees provide us with timber so that we may have decent shelters. The papers we use, the books we read, the knowledge we gain and share, trees play a role. They provide the raw materials to make printing papers. Indeed this article will be published on a tree
product! Besides the above benefits, trees help prevent soil erosion and hence soil fertility is conserved and not lost through surface water run-off during rainy seasons. More importantly, in this era of global warming, planting and maintaining trees have become the surest way to reduce amount of carbon from the atmosphere. Carbon is one of the gases responsible for changing climate and weather patterns in the world today. The World it is today because of trees. Let's encourage our peers to plant many more trees for a better tomorrow. Plant Trees For A Better Tomorrow By Jemima Gatwiri Patrick Kimathi, Chugu Quantifier discuss a point with Scott, a Validator Kirimaara Quantifiers with Shawn, a Validator, inspect TIST Tree groves ENGLISH VERSION 3 Termite Trouble: Try indigenous trees! By Christine Yankel Many TIST farmers count termites as major pests on their farms. They can damage crops, trees, and wooden structures. While they can cause serious damage, some termites also provide important benefits. There are many things we can do to control pest termites without losing these benefits. What are some ways termites help farmers? Termites make soil more fertile by recycling nutrients into the soil. They break down pieces of plant waste to make nutrients available for growing plants. The holes they dig also aerate the soil. This means rain is absorbed and available for plant growth instead of running off. The soil from termite mounds can also be useful for making stoves since it makes strong clay. What can I do to protect my farm from termite damage? Many methods may help prevent termite damage.
• Intercropping, especially planting beans in a field of maize or other grain, increases the number of beneficial insects, including those that eat termite pests.
• Some plants repel termites. Neem (Azadirachta indica) and pencil tree (Euphorbia tirucalli) may be especially useful.
• Biodiversity is important. Many animals and birds will eat termites. By protecting diverse species, you help protect your farm.
• Applying ash to the bed of a nursery may repel termites. Choose the right trees Choosing the right tree species and planting diverse trees is one of the best ways to avoid termite destruction. Some kinds of trees are weak against termites. Eucalyptus and Grevillea are among the most susceptible. Other species, especially indigenous ones, have evolved defenses against termite pests. If you plant these trees, termites are much less likely to be a pest! Wood from these trees is usually termite resistant, too, and so is useful for building. Here are a few termite-resistant species to try:
• Bitterleaf tree (Vernonia amygdalina) This multiuse tree is fast growing and can be grown in many places with rainfall of over 750 mm. This tree's bitter leaves can be eaten as a vegetable or used as fodder. Twigs are used as chewsticks. Its flowers are excellent for honey bees, and the tree is good for controlling erosion.
• Flame tree (Erythrina abyssinica) This tree is in the bean family and so helps increase nitrogen in the soil. It can grow in well-drained soils in areas with rainfall of 800 mm. It grows most easily from cuttings planted at the start of the rainy season. It is a good species to plant in crop fields and provides shade for coffee.
Leaves are good fodder for cattle, goats, rabbits, and pigs.
• Melia (Melia volkensii) In drier areas, with 300 to 800 mm of rain, Melia volkensii is a good choice since it grows well among crops, produces excellent fodder, is attractive for honey bees, and produces good timber. Few pests disturb this useful tree. Seeds require treatment for good germination. Because of this, gathering wildlings to transplant or talking with a member of your cluster who has grown Melia may be useful. Charlie Williams, CAAC Vice-President (with a hat) with Scott, Validitor Validators, Quantifiers and TIST staff in the field Scott with Small Group Member Shawn with Quantifiers PICTORIAL Recent Validition /Verification of TIST Kenya Tree Groves ENGLISH VERSION 4 For a while, some of the Clusters in TIST had expanded quite dramatically with more and more groups joining in. We all cerebrated this. With time, groups registering from far areas were unable to reach to the cluster meeting venues because of the distance. Through seminars, TIST leaders came up with various ideas on how these groups would be served better. One of the ideas was to multiply the giant/ mother clusters to give birth to child clusters. It took TIST servant leaders in Chugu Field Office a period of one month to accomplish the task of multiplication. In Chugu Field Office, Giaki Cluster, a mother cluster, multiplied to give birth to 3 new child clusters namely - Kirimaitune, Chugu Field Office get new Child Clusters from Mother Cluster. By Kiogora Joseph Kanjagi and Mbajone child clusters. On the other hand, Chung'ari Cluster multiplied to have one daughter cluster - Kambiti while Kithoka Cluster now has Kaaga Cluster as Child Cluster. We will be helping Kiiria Cluster to multiply and have new child clusters. With multiple clusters, many groups now attend cluster meetings, get new information about TIST as well as regular training topics. Further, leadership has been established in new clusters.
Small Groups exercise more independence in electing their cluster leaders, co-leaders and accountability persons through a transparent and democratic manner. Many more people have a chance to help their groups grow in strength. Since most of our seedlings in nurseries will be transplanted this rainy season, it is important that we start preparing new nurseries for seedlings that we will transplant in the next rainy season – April – July 2011. This article will help you understand some of the issues you need to learn in preparation of your individual or group nursery. 1. Which tree species should we grow in our area? The best ones are those growing naturally in the area. Select ones that meet your needs.
TIST particularly encourages fruit and indigenous trees, and others that will remain in the ground for 20 years or more. 2. Are all trees good? Not necessarily! Some may be difficult to control, be poisonous to your animals or use too much water. Choose ones you know will benefit your area. 3. Do trees produce seeds every year? Most trees do, but observe your local trees to be sure. Some may only produce good quality seeds every 2-3 years. 4. Which is a good mother tree to collect seeds from? - Collect seeds from healthy trees that are good seed producers. - Avoid isolated trees. In this case the seed is likely to have been self-pollinated which leads to poorer quality seeds. - Avoid unproductive trees and ones with a bad shape. - It is better to choose a tree in the middle of a healthy group of trees of the same species. Seeds will be higher quality from trees with flowers that are spread out rather than packed closely together. - The exact type of tree depends on what you want to use the tree for. For example, good trees for timber are straight, few branches and fast growing. Good trees for fodder should be fast-growing, many branches with multiple stems, and fast growing leaves with the ability to recover after being pruned. Good fruit trees should obviously have good quantities of healthy fruit! - Try to choose seeds from a tree growing at the same altitude and soil type as where you want to plant. - Choose a mature tree, not a young one. 5. When do we collect the seeds? - Learn the time of the year when the seeds are ripe. - Ask other local people or observe the tree yourself. - Sometimes seeds are ripe when the fruit or pods change color, become dry, or break easily from the branch. - Most seeds are ready for collection when they fall from the tree naturally. 6. How do we collect the seeds?
- It is helpful to clear the area around the bottom of the tree first. Many seeds can be collected from the ground. Inspect the seeds for insect damage. Seed collection ENGLISH VERSION 5 - The tree can be climbed to collect the seeds, but take care! - Some fruit dry, open and disperse their seeds without falling to the ground. These are hard to collect if the seeds are small.
Collect the fruit or pods after they are ripe but before they have split or fallen to the ground. Then dry the fruit or pod in a clean, sheltered place to obtain the seeds. - Some seeds can be knocked from the tree with a long stick. - Try putting a sheet under the tree and gently shaking the tree. - For tall trees a simple tool can be made by attached one end of a pair of shears to a long, strong stick. The other handle can be attached to a rope. - Note that some seed species cannot be collected from the ground and have to be collected as wildlings. These are newly germinated seedlings found growing under mature trees. These can be transplanted to pots in your nursery. This is often the best method for trees that are hard to grow in a nursery or whose seeds are hard to collect. - All seeds must be removed from their fruit or pods. This can be done by hand, or putting the fruit/pod in the sun and waiting for it to dry and split. 7. How can we tell if the seed is good? - Firstly look at the seed. Discard ones that are smaller, lighter or a different color than the others. Some may be damaged by insects. - For some hard-coated species floating in water is a good test. Normally the good seed sinks and the bad seed floats. - You can do a simple germination test. Take a small counted number of seeds (20-100). Do any pretreatment needed. Put the seeds on a damp cloth in a bowl. Cover with another fold of the cloth, moisten it thoroughly and put in a warm (not hot) place. Check the seeds daily for signs of germination and keep the cloth moist. When germination begins keep a record of the day and number. The test usually lasts about two weeks depending on the species. Germination of over 50% means you have good seed. Small-seeded species having only 5% germination are still worth keeping. 8. Do we plant or store the seeds? - Some seeds do not store and should be planted straight away (especially soft, fleshy seeds, fruit tree seeds or seeds with high oil content). - For seeds with harder coats the basic rule is to keep the seed clean, dry and cool.
- Seeds should be removed from the fruit/cone and dried thoroughly. To dry the seeds put them in the sun for 2- 3 days. - Storing in a paper bag or metal container out of the sun is good (avoid plastic bags as this makes the seed sweat and rot). Make sure the container is clean and air-tight. - Label the container with the name of the seeds and the collection date. - Remember that the germination ability of the seeds will decrease with time. If seeds have been stored for too long they may expire. 9. Do all seeds germinate? The percentage of seeds which germinate varies greatly between species. Some seeds require some form of pretreatment. 10. What kind of pre-treatment might be needed? - If the seeds have a very small or thin coat often no treatment will be needed. - Seeds that have thick coats will need some form of pre-treatment. Some need to have their seed coat cracked with a hammer or a stone. Seeds should be planted immediately after cracking. - Some seeds just require a small cut in the seed coat to help water infiltrate (nicking). Do not cut the part that was attached to the pod or capsule as this part contains the baby plant. - Others need to be soaked in mild acidic solutions for 5-20 mins before sowing. - Another method for hard-coated seeds is to boil them in water for 5-10 minute. Then put the seeds in cool water. This weakens the coat and helps water to enter. - Some seeds can be soaked in normal water for 12-24 hours. - All seeds, once pre-treated, need to be planted straight away. 11. How do we plant the seeds? - Some seeds that germinate readily can be sown directly into the field or into pots. Species that require special conditions to germinate are sown into a seedbed first.
- The time taken for germination depends on the seed type, the temperature, the amount of water available and the age of the seed. - Generally sowing is done just before the rainy season starts. - As a general guide, for direct sowing seeds should be planted at a depth two to three times their diameter and should be covered firmly with soil. The soil should then be kept moist. - Details on seedbeds are to follow. 12. Do seedlings grow only from seeds? Some tree species produce root suckers (young plants growing from the mother plant’s roots). These can be cut and transplanted. Cuttings can be taken of a young tree branch with at least three nodes or buds. Choose a long, healthy branch and make a clean, angled cut. Strip off the leaves. Plant the cutting into soil at least two nodal lengths deep, with at least one exposed. Keep it watered until sprouting occurs. Seedlings grown in this way will have the same characteristics as the parent tree and can be useful for making sure a productive fruit tree is grown. ENGLISH VERSION 6 I t’s an exciting time to be a part of TIST. We have planted millions of trees, and,like the trees, TIST is growing in Kenya. New clusters are forming in the Mara area and in Mbeere, and groups around Mt. Kenya are planting more trees and doing more conservation farming. As we grow, we want to make sure that our ? roots? are strong. This is why we are organizing into clusters. The TIST Cluster is not a model ? it is the new way we are organizing TIST to make us even stronger. Joining a cluster, or recruiting groups to form a cluster has many benefits. Cluster members can take part in exciting new programs, have more opportunities to take on servant leadership roles, have better training and quantification. With clusters, costs are lower so that more money will come to TIST farmers. Take a look at some of the benefits of clusters below. At your next cluster meeting, talk with other groups about how to make your cluster stronger! In the coming months in this newsletter, we will share more information on actions you can take to make your cluster stronger. First, what is a TIST Cluster? A Cluster made up of TIST Small Groups. It is complete when it has: - 300-400 TIST farmers within walking distance of each other - At least 200 hectares of land for tree planting
- At least 200,000 live trees (about 40 groups with 5,000 trees each) Monthly meetings where TIST participants share Best Practices Excellent education and training for all Small Groups Accurate and transparent Quantification of the Small Group results Rotating Cluster Leadership that provides administration and communication Why should I join a cluster or make a cluster? Lower costs, bigger results In clusters, we can have better training and quantification with lower costs. Right now, travel costs for TIST are very high since trainers and quantifiers have to travel far to reach groups. The more we spend on travel costs, the less we can pay Small Group members. Today, we spend more money for travel to reach groups than we do paying the farmers who planted those trees! Clusters eliminate the extra travel costs because quantifiers and trainers only serve the groups they can reach on foot. Because all groups will be within walking distance, it will be easier to have practical demonstrations and visits to demonstration sites in training. Seeing and doing is much more powerful than talking! Better training will help us reach our goals.
Because cluster costs are low, once a cluster has a minimum number of trees, the cluster may choose to count trees and pay groups within their cluster who have smaller numbers of trees. In clusters, since service costs are low since we travel on foot, we can choose to keep TIST open to more people. Clusters increase the opportunities for TIST members Being in a cluster means you have new opportunities to learn and lead. Small Group members in clusters can grow in skill and responsibility as rotating elected cluster representatives, as cluster trainers, and cluster quantifiers. As TIST grows, we will need more trainers, more cluster quantifiers, more baseline quantifiers, more TSEs, and more auditors. New servant leaders will be chosen in part by cluster members from strong clusters that are achieving big results. In your cluster, you will have new access to training and to serve TIST in new ways. Groups in clusters can take part in new programs This year, thousands of TIST farmers received a loan to buy maize seeds for their Conservation Farming in our Conservation Farming Seed Loan and Reporting program. In the next few months, we will start new programs on indigenous trees, energy saving jikos, and on preventing erosion in areas near rivers and streams. To be eligible to take part in these and in the many new programs, your Small Group must be part of a cluster. We are on our way! Join the TIST train! Thanks to our hard work, we are achieving big results. Clusters are workin well: clusters have been paid. Clusters have taken part in the CF Seed Loan. Clusters are learning about biodiversity and the greenhouse gas market. As our clusters grow in capacity to train, quantify, and manage, we are looking forward to becoming self- governing and experiencing all of the benefits of clusters. Let’s all work to make our clusters stronger. Join a Cluster or make a Cluster! M azingira Bora An Environmental, Sustainable Development and Community Forestry Program. The International Small Group and Tree Planting Program (TIST) NOT FOR SALE www.tist.org KIMERU VERSION January 2011 Newsletter Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846501 Inside this Newsletter.... Plant Indigenous Trees. Protect Rivers. Practice Conservation Farming.Attend Monthly Cluster Meetings.Practice Rotational and Servant Leadership.
• Utegi ngugi na gukurukithua kwa muradi jwa TIST ikwonenia gitumi kia kuthingatira mantu jaria TIST iikirite Page 2
• Anda miti nontu bwa ruuju rurwega Page 2
• Thina ya muthwa: Geria miti ya gintwire Page 3
• Ofisi ya Chugu nithithitie cluster inini kuumania na cluster inene Page 4
• Kuuthurania mbeu cia kuumithia Page 4
• Tonya kiri cluster kana uthithie cluster Page 6 TIST Quantifiers:Their accurate and honest work resulted to a successful Validation and Verification of TIST tree groves last month KIMERU VERSION 2 Au kanyuma TIST nirari na ategi ngui kuuma Environmental Service Inc, kambuni iitikiritue gutega ngugi ndene ya ntiguru ya USA. Kiumo kia kuriunga kwao kiari gutega ngugi ya TIST na kumenya kethira ngugi yetu niithiritwe iria irio yongwa nayamma. Bubu ni untu bwa bata mono kiri kwonia aguri betu (aguri ba ruugo) ati nituberaga umma bungwa kwegia mantu jaria ikundi bietu bibinini bithithagia. Bubu njarene ingi nibuejaga aguri betu witikio ndene yetu, na kwou bakagura ruugo kuuma kiri arimi. Nontu nitwitagira mantu jaria TIST iikirite, nitwakurukire utegi ngugi. Bubu ni untu bubweru bubuthongi kiri arimi betu babaingi na njaa yonthe ya TIST! Untu bubu nibukuinyiria mono gitumi kia gwitira mantu jaria TIST iikirite.
Muntu wonthe nabati gutiia na gwitira mantu jau. Atari miti nibabati gutara miti na umma bungwa, na bamenyeere ati baseline kana utari miti bwa o gikundi kiria bariungagira nibuthithitue bwathira. Ategi ngugi nibabati kumenyeera ati utegi ngugi bwao ni bubwega buru. Aritani nibabati kumenyeera ati arimi nibagukinyirwa bi mantu jamma. Atongeria nibabati kumenya ati nibakumenyenira bongwa kwa bongwa. Arimi ba TIST nibabati gwika jaria baugaga bakathithia na bathingati uritani. Twinthe, nitubati kua bamma, ba jaria jario jongwa, ba wery na turitanire ngugi o uria tukumenyanirana. Nontu ndene ya TIST, turi. Utegi ngugi na gukurukithua kwa muradi jwa TIST ikwonenia gitumi kia kuthingatira mantu jaria TIST iikirite Riria antu bendereaga kugiita miti bati kuanda ingi, bubu nibutumaga miti ithira. Nthiguru yonthe niigagua murimo na ruuji nirunyiaga. Batwi twinthe nitubati kumenyeera naria gututhiurukite. Gukurukira kuanda miti ya gintwire, nitutethagia kumenyeera ati biumo bia nduuji cietu nibimenyeeri. Mitunda ta miembe, mibukando na michunkua nituejaga ntunda na nkandi. Miti ingi nituejaga iria ria ng'ombe na ingi mpao nikenda tuumba gwaka nyomba injega. Maratasi jaria twonaga, mauku jaria tuthomaga, umenyo buria tugiaga na kugaana, miti niritaga ngugi inene kiri jaja. Miti niyo itumagirwa Anda miti nontu bwa ruuju rurwega Ni Jemimah Gatwiri kuthithia maratasi kinya ja kuandikira. Umenye kinya bubu tukuuga bukaandikirwa kiri karatasi kaumenie na muti! Amwe na baita iu, miti nitutethagia kumenyeera muthetu jutakamatwe na kwou unoru bwa munda bukamenyerwa na jutikamatagwa ni ruuji igita riria gukuura. Mono nkuruki, igitene riri ria murutira jwa nthiguru yonthe, miti niete untu buria bwijikene buru bwa kunyiyia ruugo ruruthoku. Carbon ni ruugo rumwe ruria ritumaga rera igaruka ndene ya nthiguru narua. Nthiguru irio narua niuntu bwa miti. Twikirene antu bangi wiru bwa kuanda miti ingi imingi nikenda twithira turi na ruuju rurwega Patrick Kimathi, Chugu Quantifier discuss a point with Scott, a Validator Kirimaara Quantifiers with Shawn, a Validator, inspect TIST Tree groves KIMERU VERSION 3 Arimi babaingi ba TIST nibataraga muthwa ta kimwe kia tunyomoo turia tuthukagia munda mono.
Muthwa nojuthukie imera, miti na into biria biaki na mpau.. kinya kethira kurina hasara iria juthithagia, muthwa nijwithagirwa juri na mantu jamega. Kuri na mantu jamaingi jaria tumba kuthithia nikenda tunyiyia muthwa tutikunyiyia mantu jau mega jaria juthithagia. Niatia muthwa jutethagia arimi? Muthwa nijutumaga muthetu jukanora gukurukira gutumira na gucokia biria binoragia muthetu kairi muthetune. Nijunyiyagia imera biria bitei nau mundene na kwou bikathithiria imera biria bigukuura irio. Marinya jaria muthwa juinjaga nijatumaga ruugo rurwega rutonya muthetune. Kuku ni ta kuuga mbuura niumbaga gutonya muthetune na kwou ruuji ruru rugatumika ni imera biu bigukuura antu a rukamatwa ta muuguo. Muthetu juria jumanagia na nyomba cia muthwa nijutumagirwa kuthithia mariko nontu nijutumaga clay ikagia inya. Niatia mpumba kuthithia nikenda ndigiria muunda jwakwa kuthukua ni muthwa?
Njira inyingi nicirigagiria munda juthukua ni muthwa. - Kurima imera bibingi amwe, mono kuanda mung'ao mundane jwa mpempe kana kimera kingi, guku ni kuingiagia tunyomoo turia tutethagia munda amwe na turia turijaga muthwa. - Imera bimwe nibiingaga muthwa. Neem (Azadirachta indica) na Pencil tree(Euphorbia tirucalli) no itethie - Kumenyeera ati kuri na imera mwanya na nyomoo mwanya mwanya. Nyomoo na nyoni inyingi niirijaga muthwa. Gukurukira kumenyeera imera na nyomoo mwanya mwanya, nuutethagia kumenyeera muunda jwaku. - Kuminya muuju munandene nokwinge muthwa. Taara miti iria ubati Gutaara miti ya muthemba juria ubati na kuanda miti ya mithemba mwanya ni njira imwe iria njega buuru ya kugiria kuthukua kwa munda jwaku ni muthwa. Mithemba imwe ya miti nirijangagwa mono ni muthwa. Mibao na mikima ni imwe ya miti iu. Mithemba ingi ya miti mono miti ya gintwire iri na njira ya kwimenyeera kuumania na muthwa. Waanda miti iji, muthwa jutithirwa juri na kanya gakanene ga kuthukia munda jwaku! Mpao kuumania na miti iji citirijangagwa ni muthwa kinyacio kwou niinjega cia gwaka. Aja kuri na mithemba ya miti iria itirijangagwa ni muthwa iria ubati kugeria: - Muti jwa Bitterleaf( Vermonia amygdalina) Muti juju jwa utumiri bubwinge ni muti jukurangaga haraka na juria jumba kuandwa guntu gukwingi kuria kuri na mbura inyingi nkuruki ya 700mm. muti juju juri mathangu jari na ng'ana jaria jomba kuriwa ni antu ta gitwero kana ni ndithia, biang'i nibitumagirwa gukira maigo. Maua ja ju nijatumagirwa ni njuki iria cithithagia naicu na muti jou ni jumwega jwa kurigiria gukamatwa kwa muthetu. - Flame tree (Erythrina abyssinica) Muti juju juri ndene ya muthemba jwa mung'ao na kwou nijutethagia kwongera nitrogen muthetune. Nijukuraga guntu kuria ruuji rutonyangaga muthetune naria kuri na mbura ya nkuruki ya 800mm. nijukurangaga nkuruki kuumania na biang'I biandi riria mbuura ikwambiria. Ni muthemba jumwega jwa kuanda muundene jwa imera bia irio na nijuejaga mikahawa kirundu. Mathangu ni irio bibiega bia ng'ombe, sungura na ngurue. - Melia (Melia Volkensii) Guntune kuria gukumauma kuri na mbuura gatigati ka 300 na 800mm, muti juju jwa Melia volkensii niju muti juria jubati gutarwa nontu nijuumanagiria na imera bia irio, jukaejana irio bia ndiithia bibiega mono, jukakucia njuki iria ithithagia naicu na jukauma mpao injega.
Ni tunyomoo tutukai mono turis tuumbaga kuthukia muti juju. Mbeu ciaju niciendaga kuthuranirwa mbele ya ciandwa nikenda ciuma bwega. Nontu bwa bubu, kuuthurania miti yaju iria iumirite nau kithakene nikenda iandwa kairi kana kwaria na mumemba wa cluster yaku uria waandite muti juju bwomba gugutethia mono. Thina ya muthwa: Geria miti ya gintwire Ni Christine Yankel Charlie Williams, CAAC VicePresident (with a hat) with Scott, Validitor Validators, Quantifiers and TIST staff in the field Scott with Small Group Member Shawn with Quantifiers PICTORIAL Recent Validition /Verification of TIST Kenya Tree Groves KIMERU VERSION 4 Nontu imera bietu biria biri nursery bikathamirua muundene ngaine iji ri,ni untu bwa muhimu mono batwi twambirie kuthuranira nursery injeru cia imera bia gwikia miundenu ngai iu ingi ya April-July 2011. Kithomo giki gigatutethia umenye mantu jamwe jaria ukwendeka kumenyanikenda umba kuthuranira nursery yaku wengwa kana ya gikundi
1. Ni mbeu cia miti iriku injega cia kuanda? Mbeu iria njega cia kuanda ni iria ciumaga ciongwa. Taara mbeu iria ikujuria ubatu bwaku.TIST mono niendaga mbeu cia matu nda na miti ya kienyeji na cia miti iria ikaraga nthi miaka mirongo iri kana nkuruki 2. Miti yonthe nimiega? To mwanka! Imwe iri inya kumimenyeera, ingi ni sumu kiri ndiithia na ingi nitumagira ruuji rurwingi mono. Thuura miti iria ukumenya igatethia kwenu. 3. Miti niciaraga mbeu o mwaka? Miti imingi niu ithithagia, indi tega miti yenu yongwa kenda withirwa uri meene. Miti imwe iciaraga mbeu injega nyuma ya miaka iri kana ithatu 4. Muti juria mwega jwa mbeu ni juriku? - Cwa mbeu kuuma kiri mutine juri na inya juria jumaga mbeu bwega - Tigana na muti juria juri junka. Muti ta juju jwithagira juri jwa rutere rumwe runka rwa kiurume kana rou rungi na juti kuraga bwega - Tigana na mbeu ya miti iria iticiaraga bwega na mbeu iria itikwonekana ithongi - Ni bwega gucua mbeu ciaku gatigati ka miti iria yumite amwe ya muthemba jumwe na iri na inya. Mbeu cia miti iria ria na maua jakunuki bwega iciithagirwa iri cia iguru nkuruki cia maua jaria jakunjari jagwatene - Mbeu iria njega iriringana na ugwe gwengwa cia muti juria ukwenda. Kwa mung’uanano,miti imiega ya mbao ithagirwa iri imitamburuku iri na mpang’I inkai na ikuraga na mpwi. Miti imiega ya iiria ria ndiithia ikuraga na mpwi, mpang’i inyingi, muti jumwe jukethira juri na itina bibingi, mabura jakuraga na mpwi na jukumba kworia ironda wajucaa. Muti jumwega jwa matunda naju nijuria juguciara matunda jamaingi jari na inya - Geria gucua mbeu kuma kiri miti iria ibujaga kuria ukwenda kujuanda na muthetune juu - Thuura kuma kiri miti imikuru,ti imianake 5. Tubwirite gucwa mbeu ri?
- Thoma umenye ni igita mwaka ririku mbeu ciithagira iri ingundu. Kuuthurania mbeu cia kuumithia Kagita gakanene, cluster imwe cia TIST nicineneete nainya mono o uria ikundi bibinini bigutonya. Twinthe nitukugwirua bubu. O uria kagita gagwita na mbele, ikundi biria biaandikithirue kuuma guntu gukuraja nibaremerwe nigukinyaga micemanio ya cluster niuntu ba kamwito kau gakaraja. Gukurukira seminar, atongerias ba IS beja na mathuganio jegie uria ikundi bibi biumba kuritirwa ngugi bwega. Ithuganio rimwe riari kugaania cluster iu nene nikenda iciara cluster inini. Niyajukirie ariti ngugi ba TIST ndene ya ofisi ya Chugu igita ria mweri jumwe kumba kuthiris mubango jwa kugaania cluster Ndene ya ofisi ya Chugu, cluster ya Giaki, cluster inene, niyagaanirue yaciara cluster ithatu inini cigwitwa; Kiriamaitune,
Kanjagi na Mbajone. Njarene ingi, cluster inene ya Chung'ari niyaciarire cluster imwe- Kambiti na Kithoka nayo yaciara cluster ya Kaaga. Tugatetheria cluster ya Kiiria iciare nikenda igia cluster injeru inini Gukurukira cluster inyingi, ikundi bibingi nibiithagirwa biri ndene ya micemanio ya cluster, bigakinyirwa ni mantu jameru ja TIST na kinya gukinyirwa ni moritani ja o igita. Kwongera, utongeria nibuthithitue ndene ya cluster injeru. Ikundi bibinini nibiumbaga gwitarira bwega nkuruki mutongeria, mutethia wawe na kinya mumenyeeri ngugi ya cluster gukurukira uthurani wa weru na bwa gwitarira. Antu bangi babaingi nibonaga kanya gagutethia ikundi biao bikuura ki inya. Ofisi ya Chugu nithithitie cluster inini kuumania na cluster inene Ni Kiogora Joseph KIMERU VERSION 5 - Uria antu ba nao kana utegage gwengwa - Rimwe mbeu igundaga riria itunda riagaruka rangi kana rioma kana riria rigukuka raisi kuuma rwang’ine - Mbeu iria nyingi ciithagirwa iri tayari riria ciagwa ciongwa 6. Tubwirite kwoja mbeu atia? - Buri na bata kwamba kutheria gitina kia muti mbere. Mbeu iria nyingi womba gucioja rungu nthi. Tega mbeu itikeje kwithira irigi ni tunyomoo
- Womba gwitia muti ugacwa mbeu indi imeenyeere - Matunda jamwe jakuraga jagatuka na mbeu ikauma ikarega kugwa nthi. Mbeu ta iji iri inya mono kuoja ikethira iri inini. Mbeu taiji itujagwa itunda riagundambele ya ritiroma rituka mbeu inyaga kana igwa nthi. Ucoke uriumie antu atheru na athithitue bwega kenda wona mbeu - Mbeu imwe nitujagwa mutine na miti imiraja - Geria gwika kiandaruga gitina kia muti na kujwinainia mpaara - Miti iria miraja womba kuthekera muti jumwe jumuraja na juri na inya rutere rumwe rwa makasi na ruteere rungi ukathekera murigi jumuraja - Menya mbeu imwe utiumba kwoja nthi indi neka ikuraga ciongwa.iji ni miti imianake iria ithagirwa iumite rungu rwa miti imkuru. No uthamirie mbeu iji tumibukone twa nursery yaku. Iji niyo njira iria njega ya miti iria utiumba kuumithia kiri nursery kana iria mbeu iri inya kwoja - Mbeu cionthe no mwanka iritwe kuuma matundene jacio. No urite na njara kana kwanika ugeteera ikooma na gwatuka 7. Niatia tumba kumenya kethira mbeu ni injega? - Mbele amba utege mbeu. Taara iria iri na rangi iri na mwanya kiri ingi. Imwe ciomba kwithirwa iritwe ni tunyomoo. - No wererie mbeu iria ciithagirwa iri na gikonde gikiumu rujine. Mono mono iria njega ikorokera na iria mbii cierere
- No uthithie na njira imbuthu,taara mbeu inkai(20- 100)kethira kuriu ciendaga kuthithirua mbele withithirie. Ciikire gitambaene kiri na ruuji kana mpakurine. Kunikira na gitambaa kingi na wikundie ruuji bwega na wike antu ari na murutira.(indi ti mwanki). Tegaga ntuku cionthe ikiambiria kuuma. Gitambaa kithagirwe kiri na ruuji igita rionthe. Wona ciambiria kuuma aki, iika rekondi yacio ni ntuku iriku na ni ing’ana. Mono ikuraga na biumia biiri kulingana na muthemba jwa muri. Ikauma nkuruki ya 50% nikwonania uri na mbeu injega. Mbeu iria niini ikauma 5% kinya cio ni injega 8. Twaande kana twike mbeu? - Mbeu imwe utibwirite gwika nonga kuanda orio.(mono iria mbinyu, iria ciithagirwa iri fresh, mbeu cia mitunda kana mbeu iria iri maguta jamaingi) - Mbeu iria iri gikonde gikiumu ciendaga gwikwa antu atheru na ati na ruuji ari na karuugo gakeega - Mbeu no mwanka iritwe itundene na ciumwe bwega. Ciike riuene ntuku ijiri kana ithatu - Guciika mubukone kana mukebene jwa ibati bunka juti riuene nibwega(indi ti mubukone jwa nylon tontu nijutumaga mbeu ikathithina na ikoora). Mukebe no mwanka jukunikirwe uria ruugo rutitonya - Andika riitwa ria muthemba jwa mbeu na ni tariki ing’ana waciojere - Rikana ikanyiya uria ciumba kuuma na wingi. Ugaciika igitariraja igita ria kuuma riomba kuthira 9. Mbeu cionthe niciumaga? Mbeu iria nyingi ciumaga iringanaga na muthemba jwa muti. Mbeu imwe niciendaga kuthithirua na njira ya mwanya mbele 10. Niatia ciendaga kuthithirua mbele? - Mbeu ikethirwa iri na gikonde gikiuthu. Gutiu ciendaga kuthithirua. - Mbeu iria iri gikonde gikiumu niciendaga kuthithirua mbele. Imwe iciendaga gukonyorwa gikonde kiu na nondo kana iiga. Ibwirite kuandwa orio ciakonyorwaingi ciendaga gwaturwa aniini tu kenda ruuji rwona kaanya. Ugakonyora aria mpindi yagwatiri iri kiri kimera kana aria kuri na metho. - Ingi ciendaga kurindwa ruji ne rwa acid iti na inya ndaika 5-20 - Njira ingi ya mbeu iria cirri na gikonde gikiumu ni gwicamukia na ruuji ndagika 5-10. ucoke uciikire rujine rungi ruti na mwanki. Buu ibutumaga gikonde kiaga inya na ruuji rukomba gutonya - Mbeu ingi iciendaga kurindwa ruujine rwa kawaida mathaa 12-24 - Mbeu cionthe ciathithirua uju, ibwirite kuandwa orio 11. Tuandaga mbeu atia? - Mbeu imwe ciumaga orio nociaandwe muundene orio. Mbeu iria ciendaga kuthithirua kenda ciuma iciendaga ciumithirua nurserine
- Igiita riria ijukagia ikiuma rikaringana na muthemba jwa muti, murutira, ruuji uria rukwoneka na ukuru bwa mbeu - Withire, mbeu ciandagwa mbele ngai itirambiria - Njira ya withire ya kubutongeria, mbeu iria ciandagwa orimwe ibwirite kuandwa irinyene riorokeri mainda jairi kana jathatu unene bwa mbeu na gukunikirwa na muthetu bwega. Muthetu jubwirite kwithagirwa juri na ruuji. 12. Miti yumaga mbeune aki? Mithemba imwe ya miti iri mbeu mirine(miti imianake ikauma mirine ya muti jungwa). Iji no umigite na umiande. Ingi nigitagwa mpang’ine iri na metho jairi kana jathatu. Thuura rwang’i rurungi buru na ruri na inya na urugite rimwe rwinuki. Riita mabuura. Injira muthetune utige rungi ruumirite na wikagire ruuji. Mbeu iria yaandgwa na muthemba juju ikuraga igakara ta ng’ina na maciara no ta muti mwene KIMERU VERSION 6 N i igita ririthongi rina gikeno mono kwithirwa uri ndene ya TIST. Nituandite miti milioni inyingi na ta miti iu, Tist nigukura ndene ya Kenya. Cluster injeru nikuthithua naria Mara na Mbeere na ikundi akui na mulima jwa Mt. Kenya nibikuanda miti ingi na bakithithagia urimi bubwega. O uria tugukura , nitukwenda kumenyeera ati mri yetu ina inya. Nikio nontu tugucibangania kairi na cluster. Cluster ya TIST ti gintu gia gucionania, ni njira injeru iria tukubanga TIST nayo nikenda tugia inya nkuruki. Gutonya kiri cluster kana gutonyithia ikundi bithithia cluster ina baita inyingi mono. Amemba ba cluster bakomba gutonya kiri mibango imieru imithongi, bakona kanya ga gutongeria bangi, bakaewa moritani bwega nkuruki na kinya uteri bwa miti bukabua nkuruki. Na cluster, utumiri bwa mbeca bukanyia nikenda mbeca kiri arimi ba TIST cikongereka. Tega baita imwe cia TIST aja nthiguru. Kiri mucemanio jwenu jwa cluster, arieni na ikundi bingi mantu jegie uria bumba kuthithia cluster yenu igia inya! Mieri iji ijite ndene ya gazeti iji, tugaana mantu jangi jegie matagaria jaria umba kujukia kenda wikira cluster yaku inya. Mbele, cluster nimbi?
Cluster ithithagua ni ikundi bibinini bia TIST. Iujuraga riria iri na: Arimi ba TIST 300-400 baria batitariene na guntu gukunene nkuruki ya aria gwitiwa na maguru. Nkuruki ya 200 hectare cia munda jwa kuanda miti. Nkuruki ya miti iri mwoyo (ikundi nkuruki ya 40 o gikundi kiri na miti 5000) Micemanio ya o mweri naria antu ba TIST bakagaana mitire iria miega buru ya kuthithia mantu mwanya mwanya. Umenyo na uritani bubwega kiri ikundi bionthe. Uteri miti bwa mma na butina mawitho bwa miti ya ikundi bibinini. Utongeria bwa kuthiuruka buria buejanaga wathani bubwega na kumenyithania mantu Niki mbatiri gutonya kiri cluster kana kuthithia cluster? Utumiri bwa mbeca bubunini mantu jamanene. Tha iji ngarama cia ngari cia TIST ni inyingi mono nontu aritani na Atari miti nibetaga kuraja mono naikenda bakinyira ikundi bibinini. O uria tugutumira mbeca inyingi nou mbeca iria tumba kuria mumemba wa gikundi ikunyia. Narua nitugutumira mbeca inyingi nkuruki kiri ngarama cia njira kenda tukinyira ikundi nkuruki ya iria tukuria arimi bau baandite miti iu. Cluster niciitaga buru mbeca iu cia ngarama nontu Atari miti na aritani baritagira ngugi ikundi biria bakumba gukinyira betite na maguru. Nontu bwa uriti nainya bwetu bwa ngugi nitukuthithia mantu jamanene. Cluster nicigwita ngugi bwega, cluster niciriitwe mbeca, cluster nicijukitie mukobo jwa mbeu jwa urimi bubwega. Cluster nicikugia umenyo bwegie guturanira kwa imera na thoko ya ruugo ruruthuku. O uria cluster cietu ikunenea kiri umbi bwao kuritana, gutara na gwita na mbele bwega, nou tuguetera na wiru cluster cietu ciumba guciatha ciongwa na kwona baita cionthe cia cluster. Turiteni ngugi twikire cluster cietu inya. Tonya kiri cluster kana uthithie cluster M azingira Bora An Environmental, Sustainable Development and Community Forestry Program. The International Small Group and Tree Planting Program (TIST) NOT FOR SALE www.tist.org KIKUYU VERSION January 2011 Newsletter Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: martinweru@tist.org Tel: 0722 - 846501 Inside this Newsletter.
Plant Indigenous Trees. Protect Rivers. Practice Conservation Farming.Attend Monthly Cluster Meetings.Practice Rotational and Servant Leadership.
• A successful Validation and verification underscore the importance of adhering to TIST values. Page 2
• Handa miti niguo ugie na ruciu rwega. Page 2
• Thina wa muthua: geria miti ya ki-nduire! Page 3
• Chugu Field Office kugia na Cluster njeru kuma hari cluster yao nene. Page 4
• Kungania mbeu cia kuumithia Page 4
• Kumenyerera na kugitira Nathari Page 5 TIST Quantifiers:Their accurate and honest work resulted to a successful Validation and Verification of TIST tree groves last month KIKUYU VERSION 2 Riria andu matema miti matakuhanda ingi nimatumaga kugie na Deforestation na bururi wothe ugathinika nikwaga maai. Ithuothe nituagiriirwo kumenyerera maria maturigichiirie. Riria twahanda miti ya ki-nduire, nituteithagiriria kugitira na kumenyerera maria maturigichiirie. Miti ya matunda ta maembe, makorobia na machungwa niiituteithagia. Miti ya Luciner niirutaga irio cia ng'ombe na miti ingi miingi ikaruta mbao niguo tugie na micii miega. Maratathi maria tuhuthagira, mabuku maria tuthomaga uugi uria tugiaga, miti niikoragwo ihuthikite hari gucithondeka. Ona ngathiti ino iguthondekwo na kindu kiumite mitiini. Na ona kuri o uguo, miti niiteithagiriria kugitira tiiri na gwikira unoru tiiri-ini niundu wa kuiga maai kimera kia mbura. Na uria wa bata makiria, kahindaiini gaka ka global warming, kuhanda na kumenyerera miti nigutuikite undu uria ungihokwo hari kunyihia muigana wa carbon riera-ini. Carbon ni imwe ya riera riria ritumaga kugie na ugaruruku wa riera na mutaratara wa rio.
Thi iri uria iri umuthi niundu wa miti. Nituhinyiririe andu aria angi kuhanda miti ingi miingi nigua tukagia na ruciu rwega. Handa miti niguo ugie na ruciu rwega. Mwandiki; James Gatwiri. Gwa kahinda gatari karaya, TIST niyanyitire ugeni validators eeri kuuma Enviromental Services Inc, kuuma America Gitumi kia iceera riao kiari ku audit TIST na kuona kana wira witu niukoretwo uri mukinyaniru na wa uigiririku. Undu uyu niwa bata kuonia aguri aitu(aguri a carbon credit) ati uria tumeraga iguru ria ikundi nini ni wa ma . uu, kwa njira ingi, niuheaga muguri umiriru na gutwihoka, na kwa uguo makahota kugura carbon credits kuma kuri arimi a TIST. Na tondu niturumagirira values cia TIST, nitwahitukire kigerio kia validation na verification. Uyu ni uhoro mwega kuri ngiri nyingi cia arimi na TIST iri yothe. A successful Validation and verification underscore the importance of adhering to TIST values. Uu niwonanagia bata wa kurumirira values cia TIST. Mundu o wothe agiriirwo kuhe gitio na kuhinyiriria vakues cia TIST. Quantifiers magiriirwo gukorwo na uhoro mukinyaniru hari utari wa miti, na kugia na utheri mukinyaniru kuri ikundi ciothe. Auditors magiriirwo kuona ati audit nicikinyaniirie ikiro cia iguru biu nao athomithania matigirire arimi nimakinyirwo ni uhoro mukinyaniru. atongoria magiriirwo kurorana. Arimi a TIST magiriirwo gukinyaniria ciiraniro na kurumirira githomo kia TIST. Ithuothe twagiriirwo ni gukorwo turi ehokeku, andu a am na utheri nitondu thiini wa TIST turi. Patrick Kimathi, Chugu Quantifier discuss a point with Scott, a Validator Kirimaara Quantifiers with Shawn, a Validator, inspect TIST Tree groves KIKUYU VERSION 3 Arimi aingi a TIST monaga muthua uri tutambi tuuru migunda-ini yoa. No uthukangie mimera, miti ona kana nyumba iria ciakitwo na miti. Ona ugithukangagia, muthua ungi niukoragwo na mawega. Nikuri na njira tungihuthira kugitira uthukangia tutakuraga muthua. Ni njira iriku muthua uteithagia murimi na cio? Muthua ni wongagirira unoru tiiri-ini. Niuragaga mimera niguo wongerere unoru tiiri-ini. Marima maria wenjaga nimatumaga tiiri ugie na riera. Uu nikuga ati mbura niihotaga gutonya tiiri-ini niguo kuhotithia mimera gukura wega handu ha kuma. Tiiri wa muthuia no uhuthirwo guthondeka riiko tondu nimunyitu. Niatia ingika kugitira mugunda wakwa ndugathukio ni muthua? Njira nyingi nocigiriririe muthua guthukangia mugunda waku. - Intercropping, muno kuhandirira mboco mugunda-ini wa mbembe kana mimera ingi ya muthemba ucio, ongerera muigana wa tutambi turia turiaga muthua. - Miti ingi niingataga muthua. Neem (Azadirachta Indica) na Pencil Tree(Euphobia tirucalli) no iteithie. - Biodiversity niya bata. Nyamu nyingi na nyoni nicikuria muthua. Niundu wa kugitira species ici niuteithagiriria kugitira mugunda waku. - Ikira muhu tuta-ini yaku niguo kuingata muthua Chagura miti iria yagiriire Guchagura miti iria yagiriire na kuhanda miti ngurani niimwe ya njira cia kugitira muthua. Miti ingi niikoragwo itakuhota kwigitira kumana na muthua. Eucalyptus na Grevillea ni imwe ya iria itahotaga kwigitira. Miti ingi na muno ya ki-nduire niihotete kugia na hinya wa kwigitira kumana na muthua. Ungihanda miti ino, muthua ndungithukangia muno. Mbao cia miti ino itiriyagwo ni muthua na kwa uguo ikagirira hari gwaka. Ino ni imwe ya miti ta iyo;
- Bitrerleaf tree (Vernonia amygdalina) Muti uyu uria uhuthikaga nanjira nyingi na ukuraga na ihenya no ukurio kuria kuri na mbura iri na githimi gikirite 750mm. mahuti ma muti uyu maria makoragwo mari magagatu nomario ni ng'ombe. Miti yaguo noihuthike gutanuka. Mahua maguo nimega na guthondeka uuki na muti nimwega hari kugiririria tiiri gukuo ni maai. - Flame tree (Erythrina abyssinica) Muti uyu ni wa muhiriga wa mboco na niuteithagiriria kuongerera nitrogen tiiri-ini. Noukure tiiri-ini uri na ugunyu munini kundu kuri na muigana wa mbura wa 800mm. niukuraga na uhuthu ungitinia ucoke uhande kiambiriria kia kimera kia mbura. Ni muthemba wa kuhandwo mugundaini na niukoragwo na kiruru hari kahua. Mahuti nimariago ni ng'ombe, mburi, mbuku na ngurwe. - Melia (Melia volkensii) Kundu kuria kwaru, kuri na muigana wa mbura wa gatagati ka 300mm na 800mm muti uyu ni mwega nitondu niukuraga hari mimera iria ingi na ukaruta mahuti mega makurio ni mahiu, mahuti maguo nimega na uuki na niurutaga mbao njega. Ni tutambi tuninni tuthumburaga muti uyu. Mbegu nicibataraga guthondekwo na dawa niguo imere. Niundu wa uu, gwetha tumimera turia twimeretie kana kuria murimi wa cluster yanyu uria uhandite no guguteithie muno. Thina wa muthua: geria miti ya ki-nduire! Mwandiki, Christine Yankel Charlie Williams, CAAC VicePresident (with a hat) with Scott, Validitor Validators, Quantifiers and TIST staff in the field Scott with Small Group Member Shawn with Quantifiers PICTORIAL Recent Validition /Verification of TIST Kenya Tree Groves KIKUYU VERSION 4 Nontu imera bietu biria biri nursery bikathamirua muundene ngaine iji ri,ni untu bwa muhimu mono batwi twambirie kuthuranira nursery injeru cia imera bia gwikia miundenu ngai iu ingi ya April-July 2011. Kithomo giki gigatutethia umenye mantu jamwe jaria ukwendeka kumenyanikenda umba kuthuranira nursery yaku wengwa kana ya gikundi.
1. Ni mbeu cia miti iriku injega cia kuanda? Mbeu iria njega cia kuanda ni iria ciumaga ciongwa. Taara mbeu iria ikujuria ubatu bwaku.TIST mono niendaga mbeu cia matu nda na miti ya kienyeji na cia miti iria ikaraga nthi miaka mirongo iri kana nkuruki. 2. Miti yonthe nimiega? To mwanka! Imwe iri inya kumimenyeera, ingi ni sumu kiri ndiithia na ingi nitumagira ruuji rurwingi mono. Thuura miti iria ukumenya igatethia kwenu. 3. Miti niciaraga mbeu o mwaka? Miti imingi niu ithithagia, indi tega miti yenu yongwa kenda withirwa uri meene. Miti imwe iciaraga mbeu injega nyuma ya miaka iri kana ithatu. 4. Muti juria mwega jwa mbeu ni juriku? - Cwa mbeu kuuma kiri mutine juri na inya juria jumaga mbeu bwega. - Tigana na muti juria juri junka. Muti ta juju jwithagira juri jwa rutere rumwe runka rwa kiurume kana rou rungi na juti kuraga bwega. - Tigana na mbeu ya miti iria iticiaraga bwega na mbeu iria itikwonekana ithongi. - Ni bwega gucua mbeu ciaku gatigati ka miti iria yumite amwe ya muthemba jumwe na iri na inya. Mbeu cia miti iria ria na maua jakunuki bwega iciithagirwa iri cia iguru nkuruki cia maua jaria jakunjari jagwatene. - Mbeu iria njega iriringana na ugwe gwengwa cia muti juria ukwenda. Kwa mung’uanano,miti imiega ya mbao ithagirwa iri imitamburuku iri na mpang’I inkai na ikuraga na mpwi. Miti imiega ya iiria ria ndiithia ikuraga na mpwi, mpang’i inyingi, muti jumwe jukethira juri na itina bibingi, mabura jakuraga na mpwi na jukumba kworia ironda wajucaa. Muti jumwega jwa matunda naju nijuria juguciara matunda jamaingi jari na inya. - Geria gucua mbeu kuma kiri miti iria ibujaga kuria ukwenda kujuanda na muthetune juu. - Thuura kuma kiri miti imikuru,ti imianake. 5. Tubwirite gucwa mbeu ri? - Thoma umenye ni igita mwaka ririku mbeu ciithagira iri ingundu. - Uria antu ba nao kana utegage gwengwa. - Rimwe mbeu igundaga riria itunda riagaruka rangi kana rioma kana riria rigukuka raisi kuuma rwang’ine. - Mbeu iria nyingi ciithagirwa iri tayari riria ciagwa ciongwa. Kungania mbeu cia kuumithia Gwa kahinda kanini, cluster nyingi thiini wa TIST nicitheremete na njira nene nakugia na ikundi nyingi na tugakenerera uhoro ucio. O uria mahinda marathii, ikundi iria ikoragwo kuraihu niciremaguo gukinya micemanio-ini ya cluster. Kuhitukira seminars, TIST atongoria nimatuire uria ikundi ici iritungatagwo wega. Undu umwe monire ungiteithiriria wari kugayania ikundi iria nene niguo igie na ikundi ingi nini. Nikwahuthirire atongoria a TIST kuuma Chungu Field Ofice kahinda ka mweri umwe gukinyiria ugayania uyu. Thini wa Chungu office, cluster ya Giaki, cluster nene niyagayanirio niguo kugia na cluster ingi ithatu njeru na nicio-Kirimatuine, Chugu Field Office kugia na Cluster njeru kuma hari cluster yao nene. Mwandiki; Kiogora Joseph. Kanjagi na Mbajone. Ona kuri o uguo cluster ya Chung'ari niyagayanirwo na ikigia na cluster ingi imwe njeru na niyo- Kambiti nayo cluster ya Kithoka ikigia na cluster njeru ya Kaaga.
Nituguteithiriria cluster ya Kiiria kwigayania. Twagia na cluster ngayanie noguo ikundi nyingi ikuhota guuka micemanio-ini na gukinyirwo ni uhoro wa TIST na githomo. Na ningi, utongoria niuthondeketwo thiini wa cluster icio njeru. Ikundi nini nicikoragwo na wiyathi riria marathura atongoria na njira ya ma naya utheri. Ikundi ingi nyingi iri na kamweke ga guteithiriria ikundi ciao gutherema na kugia na hinya. KIKUYU VERSION 5 6. Tubwirite kwoja mbeu atia? - Buri na bata kwamba kutheria gitina kia muti mbere. Mbeu iria nyingi womba gucioja rungu nthi. Tega mbeu itikeje kwithira irigi ni tunyomoo. - Womba gwitia muti ugacwa mbeu indi imeenyeere. - Matunda jamwe jakuraga jagatuka na mbeu ikauma ikarega kugwa nthi. Mbeu ta iji iri inya mono kuoja ikethira iri inini. Mbeu taiji itujagwa itunda riagundambele ya ritiroma rituka mbeu inyaga kana igwa nthi. Ucoke uriumie antu atheru na athithitue bwega kenda wona mbeu. - Mbeu imwe nitujagwa mutine na miti imiraja - Geria gwika kiandaruga gitina kia muti na kujwinainia mpaara. - Miti iria miraja womba kuthekera muti jumwe jumuraja na juri na inya rutere rumwe rwa makasi na ruteere rungi ukathekera murigi jumuraja. - Menya mbeu imwe utiumba kwoja nthi indi neka ikuraga ciongwa.iji ni miti imianake iria ithagirwa iumite rungu rwa miti imkuru. No uthamirie mbeu iji tumibukone twa nursery yaku. Iji niyo njira iria njega ya miti iria utiumba kuumithia kiri nursery kana iria mbeu iri inya kwoja. - Mbeu cionthe no mwanka iritwe kuuma matundene jacio. No urite na njara kana kwanika ugeteera ikooma na gwatuka. 7. Niatia tumba kumenya kethira mbeu ni injega? - Mbele amba utege mbeu. Taara iria iri na rangi iri na mwanya kiri ingi. Imwe ciomba kwithirwa iritwe ni tunyomoo. - No wererie mbeu iria ciithagirwa iri na gikonde gikiumu rujine.
Mono mono iria njega ikorokera na iria mbii cierere. - No uthithie na njira imbuthu,taara mbeu inkai(20- 100)kethira kuriu ciendaga kuthithirua mbele withithirie. Ciikire gitambaene kiri na ruuji kana mpakurine. Kunikira na gitambaa kingi na wikundie ruuji bwega na wike antu ari na murutira.(indi ti mwanki). Tegaga ntuku cionthe ikiambiria kuuma. Gitambaa kithagirwe kiri na ruuji igita rionthe. Wona ciambiria kuuma aki, iika rekondi yacio ni ntuku iriku na ni ing’ana. Mono ikuraga na biumia biiri kulingana na muthemba jwa muri. Ikauma nkuruki ya 50% nikwonania uri na mbeu injega. Mbeu iria niini ikauma 5% kinya cio ni injega. 8. Twaande kana twike mbeu? - Mbeu imwe utibwirite gwika nonga kuanda orio.(mono iria mbinyu, iria ciithagirwa iri fresh, mbeu cia mitunda kana mbeu iria iri maguta jamaingi). - Mbeu iria iri gikonde gikiumu ciendaga gwikwa antu atheru na ati na ruuji ari na karuugo gakeega - Mbeu no mwanka iritwe itundene na ciumwe bwega. Ciike riuene ntuku ijiri kana ithatu. - Guciika mubukone kana mukebene jwa ibati bunka juti riuene nibwega(indi ti mubukone jwa nylon tontu nijutumaga mbeu ikathithina na ikoora). Mukebe no mwanka jukunikirwe uria ruugo rutitonya. - Andika riitwa ria muthemba jwa mbeu na ni tariki ing’ana waciojere. - Rikana ikanyiya uria ciumba kuuma na wingi. Ugaciika igitariraja igita ria kuuma riomba kuthira. 9. Mbeu cionthe niciumaga? Mbeu iria nyingi ciumaga iringanaga na muthemba jwa muti. Mbeu imwe niciendaga kuthithirua na njira ya mwanya mbele. 10. Niatia ciendaga kuthithirua mbele? - Mbeu ikethirwa iri na gikonde gikiuthu.
Gutiu ciendaga kuthithirua. - Mbeu iria iri gikonde gikiumu niciendaga kuthithirua mbele. Imwe iciendaga gukonyorwa gikonde kiu na nondo kana iiga. Ibwirite kuandwa orio ciakonyorwaingi ciendaga gwaturwa aniini tu kenda ruuji rwona kaanya. Ugakonyora aria mpindi yagwatiri iri kiri kimera kana aria kuri na metho. - Ingi ciendaga kurindwa ruji ne rwa acid iti na inya ndaika 5-20. - Njira ingi ya mbeu iria cirri na gikonde gikiumu ni gwicamukia na ruuji ndagika 5-10. ucoke uciikire rujine rungi ruti na mwanki. Buu ibutumaga gikonde kiaga inya na ruuji rukomba gutonya - Mbeu ingi iciendaga kurindwa ruujine rwa kawaida mathaa 12-24. - Mbeu cionthe ciathithirua uju, ibwirite kuandwa orio. 11. Tuandaga mbeu atia? - Mbeu imwe ciumaga orio nociaandwe muundene orio. Mbeu iria ciendaga kuthithirua kenda ciuma iciendaga ciumithirua nurserine - Igiita riria ijukagia ikiuma rikaringana na muthemba jwa muti, murutira, ruuji uria rukwoneka na ukuru bwa mbeu. - Withire, mbeu ciandagwa mbele ngai itirambiria - Njira ya withire ya kubutongeria, mbeu iria ciandagwa orimwe ibwirite kuandwa irinyene riorokeri mainda jairi kana jathatu unene bwa mbeu na gukunikirwa na muthetu bwega. Muthetu jubwirite kwithagirwa juri na ruuji.. 12. Miti yumaga mbeune aki? Mithemba imwe ya miti iri mbeu mirine(miti imianake ikauma mirine ya muti jungwa). Iji no umigite na umiande. Ingi nigitagwa mpang’ine iri na metho jairi kana jathatu. Thuura rwang’i rurungi buru na ruri na inya na urugite rimwe rwinuki. Riita mabuura. Injira muthetune utige rungi ruumirite na wikagire ruuji. Mbeu iria yaandgwa na muthemba juju ikuraga igakara ta ng’ina na maciara no ta muti mwene. KIKUYU VERSION 6 K umenyerera na kugitira nathari ni kuhotithagia mimera gukura wega nginya igatuika miti iri na hinya na noguo ikoragwo na maciaro mega. Maciaro maitu ni kugia na mbeca nyingi kumana na cabon credit iria iringanaga na utungu na uraihu wa muti. Kwa uguo ni hari na bata kumenyerera miti ir o minini na njira ta ici. a) Kugitira kumana na tutambi. Indo ingi ta fungi, viruses nematodes na bacterias an tutambi ta (muthua, muthigiriri) no ithukie mumera Hari murimu witagwo damping off na urehagwo ni fungi. Utumaga mbegu igume mbere ya imerete, miri ithuke na mumera gutuika miceke ikimera.
Dalili ciaguo ni;
• Gucekeha na kuhoha
• Kuhoha na kugua kwa mumera
• Mathangu gutuika ma yellow
• Gukua kwa mumera. Giririria damping off na njira ino.
• Cenjia tiiri wa gitanda o thutha wa miaka 2-3.
• Ehutia na icine mimera iria minyite ni murimu na ihenya
• Ndugaitiririe mai maingi gukira githimi
• Mai magiriirwo gutherera wega
• Miti yagiriirwo ni gukinyirwo ni riera riiganu
• Rimira hindi iria yagiriire
• Tiiri wagiriirwo gukorwo uri munoru. Rumirira githimi kia mutukanio wa tiiri na wikire thumu munini.
• Tigithukania mimera
• Gitanda kiagiriirwo gukorwo kiri githeru. Kumenyerera na kugitira Nathari Mirimu no ininwo na dawa. Niwega kuhuthira dawa cia ki-nduire tondu cia nduka-ini cirri goro na no cithukie maria maturigiciirie. a. Huthira muhu b. Gitanda gikorwo kiri githeru kugiririria tutambi. b) Root pruning Nyegenyia mimera rita rimwe hari wiki kugiririria miri kugwata. Muriwa itimu uri na hinya uteithagiriria muti gukinyira mai thutha wa kuhandwo. Hingo iria mumera urakura maratathi-ini thutha wa mieri 3-4 (kuringana na muthemba na riera) miri yambagiriria gukura kuma na thi wa iratathi. Miri ino yagiriirwo gutinio thutha wa mieri 1-2 na kahiu Kwa njira ingi, geria nathari yoetwo iguru iria inyihanyihagia miri kuneneha. c) Kuhe mai , kurimira na kiruru
• Miberethi ya kuhe mai yagiriiwo kunyitithanio na ndoo ya kuhe mai kugiririria tiiri gukuo ni mai.
• Ndugaitiririe mai manini muno kana maingi muno
• Itiriria mai kiroko na hwaini
• Menyerere ndugathukie miri ukirimira
• Rimira tene kugiririria mimera gucindana na riia.
• Mimera ingi ni ibataraga kiruru, thondeka handu ha kiruru.
• Kimera-ini kia mbura humbira mimera na mahuti. Mimera yagiriirwo kwehutio mitiini minene kugiririria guthukio ni mai kuma miti-ini.
• Gitira nathari na mahuti kumana kuri nyamu na ciana.
• Rekereria mimea ikure uraihu wa 30cm mbere ya kuhanda mugunda-ini. No ihuthire kahinda ka mieri.