MAZINGIRA BORA
October 2007 Edition Newsletter
www.tist.org
ENGLISH VERSION
The International Small Group and Tree Planting Program ( TIST)
An Environmental, Sustainable Development and Community Forestry Program.
TIST farmers during a recent In- house training at Ntoobo, Tigania West.
- How TIST helps achieve the Millennium Development Goals - Page 2.
- Kamithagana C Best Small Group: Trees From The Beginning - Page 6.
- Kioki Best Small Group: Discovering another Best Practice – Fish Farming - Page 4.
- A story of Ms. Tabitha Stanley, A Member of Kainyinyo Kiburi Small Group - Page 5.
- Kuuga na Gwika Small Group: Diversifying the trees benefits - Page 5
www.tist.org P.O Box 1508 Nanyuki, Kenya Tel: 0724 - 255 369
ENGLISH VERSION
How TIST helps achieve the UN Millennium Development Goals
In the year 2000, world leaders adopted the United Nations Millennium Declaration and Millennium Development Goals. Eight goals were set, which it was envisioned would bring half of world population out of the bondage of poverty by the year 2015. Millennium Development Goals have become a universal framework for development.
These goals includes,
Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education
Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women
Goal 4: Reduce child mortality
Goal 5: Improve maternal health
Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases
Goal 7: Ensure Environmental sustainability
Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development
The TIST Program began as a response to goals set by people working together in Tanzania in July of 1999. At two seminars, the participants set goals to eradicate famine, reforest their devastated land, address health concerns of the people, give trainings and start small groups. In December of 1999, members of the first small groups gathered and the basic TIST Program was born. TIST began before the UN Millennium Development Goals were developed, yet it is exciting to see how closely aligned the vision of those first small group members was to the vision of 189 world leaders who gathered later that year. As TIST has matured, it has responded to more needs and requests expressed by members of the small groups. It now encompasses most of the UN Millennium Development Goals in its program of activities. TIST works within rural communities, who are mainly the target of MDGs, in four developing countries namely, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and India. It has immensely contributed in responding positively to some of the goals highlighted above.
TIST has made both direct and indirect interventions. Both efforts have drastically changed lives of thousands of people. Here in Kenya, the program was introduced in August 2004 and within the short period it has been in operation, over 3,000 small groups have joined the program. These small groups consist of subsistence farmers and membership ranges from 6 –12 men and women. The program works with these groups and the main focus is on reforestation; with the groups receiving an incentive for each tree they plant and keep alive. Alongside this, groups receive a holistic training program adapted to the most pressing needs of the local community. Currently this includes training on tree-planting, nursery development and management, sustainable agriculture, HIV/AIDS, malaria prevention, nutrition, fuel efficient stoves and capacity building skills. Training is conducted through a program of seminars / village seminars and through local trainers facilitating monthly group meetings known as Node Trainings.
Through these efforts, the program helps achieve the MDGs in the following ways;
Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger.
It must be acknowledged that one of the major causes of drought that results in hunger is the rising spread of desertification. Desertification is caused by deforestation. As more areas continue to lose million of trees the more the drought continues to hasten and hence resulting in food crisis and insecurity.
Combating hunger: Members of TIST Small Groups.
As mentioned above, the main focus of TIST program is reforestation. The program is working with Small Groups where members are trained on nursery management, species selection and tree planting best practices. So far, over 3 million trees have been planted. The program gives small incentives to the farmers for every tree they plant and keep alive. This has supplemented their income hence they are able to meet their basic needs. Besides, planting trees, TIST participants are trained on Conservation Farming. This farming technique, developed by UNFAO, has boosted maize and other crop production by an average of four fold since it was introduced to TIST farmers. This has meant that the majority of TIST members now have enough food for themselves and their families and are no longer hungry . In some areas, such as Meru regions, farmers are now selling surplus produce to the market thus supplementing their incomes.
Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education.
Primary School enrollment has not been a major TIST issue in Kenya. With the Government introduction of free primary education, nearly all children of school age are enrolled. However, the stipend paid for the trees helps pay for clothing and with better nutrition, children are much more able to learn. A number of TIST staff have taken personal efforts to support education in some of the primary schools in the region.
Goal 4: TIST support parents by giving them incentives for women.
The TIST program puts a lot of emphasis on both rotational leadership and servant leadership, two of TIST’s Small Group “best practices.” It is a major requirement that every Small Group must exercise rotational leadership, practice servant leadership and “building up” of that week’s leader. Through these “best practices”, women are empowered to take leadership roles and be equally involved with men in making decisions for their Small Groups. Their leadership qualities are identified and supported through “building up” and then harnessed for the good of the group as a whole. Many women who are in TIST Small Groups have reported that they begin to participate more actively in the leadership and development of their groups as well as in their villages and in the larger society.
Goal 4: Reduce child mortality.
Child mortality rate is not prevalent in these areas. Better nutrition through Conservation Farming, use of mosquito nets to reduce childhood malaria, and the introduction of fuel efficient stoves that vent the smoke outside the cooking area so women and children don’t breathe it, are part of the health related activities of TIST.
Goal 5: Improve maternal health.
Most of the maternal deaths are caused by lack of access to maternity health care. Poor women, unable to raise maternity fees, often opt for home delivery and in many cases of birth complications, the mother and/or the child can die. TIST, with the income from the incentives for live trees, encourages families to take health insurance coverage that will not only cater for pregnant mothers but also the entire family. TIST is currently seeking collaboration with National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) to explore ways that members can join and benefit from the scheme.
Goal 6: Combat HIV/Aids, Malaria and other diseases.
HIV/AIDS and malaria have continued to be the biggest challenges in developing countries. In realization that these two scourges affect all sectors of development, the TIST program includes training on HIV/AIDS and malaria in its program. Upon joining the program, members of the Small Groups receive training on preventive measures of both epidemics. Significantly, in Meru and Nanyuki areas, where the program is in operation, cases of malaria has continued to rise as glaciers on the cap of Mount Kenya continue to melt. This is the result of global warming. Efforts made by the Small Groups to plant millions of trees aims to reverse the trend.
Goal 7: Ensure Environmental sustainability.
This is a key focus and component of the TIST program. TIST was founded on environmental sustainability. The program has been putting a lot of resources towards community forestry.A major sponsor of TIST program, Clean Air Action Corporation (CAAC), has been in fore front in mitigating climate change. It must be noted that the levels of greenhouse gases that causes global warming have continued to rise over the years. This has increased the number of malaria zones and the harsh climatic conditions that have continued to have a negative impact on agriculture. TIST participants are tirelessly working together to reverse this trend. As mentioned above, over 3 million trees are alive as a result of the Small Group members’ efforts. The program has resonated well within the communities with overwhelming requests to expand TIST in new areas.
A tree nursery with mixed tree species
Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development. TIST farmers have discovered, through the program, a new global trading business –the Carbon Credit Business. Small Groups are receiving thousands of shillings every year as they prepare to enter the carbon trade. The program has created and opened international communication channels that are accessed by TIST participants. Knowledge transfer cannot be overemphasized. TIST Trainers and Quantifiers have been trained and exposed on Palm Computer Technology and Internet. Information has been flowing smoothly between TIST participants in Kenya and their counterparts in USA, UK and East Africa and exchange of ideas made possible.
Exchange programs have been promoted across the East Africa Countries. Recently, a team of 20 TIST participants in Tanzania visited Kenya on a study tour. Truly, TIST perfectly meets this goal beyond donor assistance Farming as one of our TIST Best Practice activities. Fishing Farming is a fast-growing economic endeavor in Meru, which has becoming highly adopted by many farmers. Fish eating among the Meru populace is also gained acceptance.
TIST farmers from Tanzania sharing with Kenya TIST farmers during their recent visit in Kenya.
benefits. First, the project has high turn out especially in selling of mature fish and also the fingerlings to newly establishing fish farmers. This has improved the life of members due to additional income from fish. Secondly, fish farming ensures provision of ready and cheap source of protein which substitutes other expensive sources of protein especially meat. This has added our nutritional values in our meals leading to better healthier lives. Another benefit of fish farming is that eating fish improves brain development. This is a scientifically proven fact. Thus with availability of fish means that our children will grow with better-developed brains. Keeping Fish also controls breeding of mosquitoes. Fish are known to feed on mosquitoes larva and thus hamper their breeding which in turn reduces them. The above benefits of fish farming prompted us to take the project seriously. We sought expertise from Fisheries Department, which organized seminars, trainings and also constructed the first demonstration pond in one of our member’s farm. From the knowledge obtained from fisheries departed, we were able to construct our own ponds, stock and took care for fingerings until matured. The Fisheries Department also supplied us with the fingerlings until we became self- reliant. Our message to encourage other small groups to try Fish Farming and improve their income earning. Our motto remains; eat more fish and live a healthy life. Martin – what kind of fish are they growing? How would a group contact the right person at the Fisheries Department? Where and when are seminars being given by the Department?
Kuuga Na Gwika Small Group: Diversifying the trees benefits.
Beyond the traditional known benefits of planting trees such as provision of wood fuel, shade and soil control measures, we members of Kuuga na Gwika Small Group have broaden our horizons as far as the benefits of trees are concerned. We have extensively embarked on Bee – keeping and Silk Worm rearing projects – which are heavily depending on trees. This has earned us extra income. Besides making money from sale of honey, which has an increasing demand in the market today, we have also benefited from nutrition value of the honey. We are building a healthy society. Silkworm depends and feed on mulberry trees (locally known as Ndare). The business is gaining ground and we are confident that it is going to become viable, profitable and sustainable enterprise.
We have been able to achieve this due to trainings we received from TIST. We have tremendously improved in group organization. We have continued to practice servant and rotational leadership. Coupled with our weekly meetings, we have been able to come up with ideas which we examine during our meetings and if found viable, we do implement them. We believe in sharing of information. We are ready to educate other members and influence them on the above enterprises. We truly hold the TIST value of volunteerism and as such, we are ready to share and learn with other TIST Small Groups. Significantly, with other Small Groups in our area, we have identified Kianjagi Chief’s Camp as our Node Venue.
We have continued to practice Conservation Farming, Nursery Management and we can confidently affirm that we have enjoyed the benefits. Our group consists of 12 members who are all dedicated and active participants. We are requesting TIST Kenya Office to evaluate us so that we can become a Best Small Group, and eventually a Mentor Group. A Story of Ms. Tabitha Stanley, A Member of Kainyinyo Kiburi Small Group. Ms. Tabitha Stanely is a happy woman. She narrated her joy to Ugandan TIST Team who had visited her recently accompanied by Chugu Field Office Trainer, Ms. Dorothy Naitore. Ms. Tabitha Says, ‘ since I joined TIST program, my life has completely taken a new turn. The payments I have continued to receive from TIST have enabled me to buy a new Water tank. I have been relieved from fetching water.’seedlings. Besides planting Trees, Tabitha has also practiced Conservation Farming. She took this Team around her maize garden proud of her bounty harvest. She says, that never before had she experienced such improved production. She’s thankful to the TIST program for having taught her this new farming method. To demonstrate her gratitude, she served the team with boiled fresh maize she had harvested from her Conservation Farming garden.
Tabitha has become an active proponent of Conservation Farming in her village. Many Farmers have now adopted this farming method and majority of them joining TIST program.
TIST Program recognizes efforts made by such groups and continue to offer them more trainings so as to improve their lives. The program is highly encouraged by the prudent use of incentives received by TIST Farmers. Tabitha efforts are a success case story. Other Small Groups are encouraged to put in proper use their incomes. As Tabitha aptly advise other small groups to pool their tree payments together for a common good. TIST program extends this advice to the entire TIST Community.
Kamithagana C Best Small Group: ‘ Trees From The Beginning’.
Millions and Millions of Years Ago
At the Beginning of Universe
The Land was Bare
It was God’s Creation.
Not forgetting to decorate it
He created Plants.
He created Adam and Eve.
He gave Them Authority over Nature.
To discern what is good and bad.
As years passed by, human population increased
Pressure on use of trees increased as well
More trees were destroyed
They forgot importance of trees.
In 1800’s Industrialization began in the west
No one thought of its consequences.
We wanted to grow, we wanted to industrialize
Factories were set up, more smoke was produced.
Other World countries followed suit.
We must emit to develop
So was the slogan
The consequences not withstanding.
Climate change has now become a hot topic.
Global warming is more serious than ever before
Human existence has been threatened.
Urgent interventions are needed.
Floods are happening.
Our own Bundulangi is a perfect example.
Lives and property have been lost.
People have been displaced.
Weather patterns have become unpredictable
Crop failures is now a re-current phenomena
Food security is in crisis
We are faced with hunger
The solution is simple
Plant more trees, plant million trees
Trees help reduce carbon levels
Trees clean the air.
TIST farmers are on the rise.
Planting millions trees
To save the world
To save mankind.
Members of PAA -A Best Small Group working in their tree nursery.
TIST Kenya Quantifiers counting trees using palm held computers. TIST has embraced new technology
Members of Lamuria Field Ofice pose for a group photo after one of their meetings
Members of Kinyaritha Field Office sharing with Tanzanian TIST Team during an office meeting.
MAZINGIRA BORA
Ngatheti ya mweri wa ikumi
www.tist.org
KIKUYU VERSION
The International Small Group and Tree Planting Program ( TIST)
An Environmental, Sustainable Development and Community Forestry Program.
Arimi TIST maari In- house training mwena Ntoobo, Tigania West.
- Uria TIST iteithiri-irie gukinyira kioneki kia uthii wa nambere.
- Gikundi kiega gia Kamithagana C: Miti kuma kiamjiriria.
- Gikundi kiega gia Kioki: Guthundura urimi ungi – urimi wa thamaki.
- Gikundi kinini kia Kuuga na Gwika: Gutambia mawega ma miti.
- Rugano rwa mutimia ti Tabitha Stanley, umwe wa Gikundi kiega gia Kainyinyo Kiburi.
www.tist.org P.O Box 1508 Nanyuki, Kenya Tel: 0724 - 255 369
Uria TIST iteithiri-irie gukinyira kioneki kia uthii wa nambere.
Mwaka-ni wa 2000, atongoria athi nimetikirire cioneki cia uthii wa na mbere wa ngwataniro ya mabururi. Cioneki inyanya ni cietikani-irio, iria metikitie ati nicikunina nuthu wa uthini wa thi gukinyiria mwaka wa 2015. Cioneki ici nicituikite mithingi ya uthii wa na mbere.
Cioneki ici ni:
Kioneki kia 1: Kunina thina na Ngaragu.
Kioneki kia 2: kugia na githimo kia muthingi.
Kioneki kia 3: Kuiganania iruka cieri (Atumia na athuri)
Kioneki kia 4: Kunyihanyihia ukui wa ciana.
Kioneki kia 5: Kwagiria ureri na ugima mwega wamwiri.
Kioneki kia 6: Kunina mukingo, malaria na mirimu ingi.
Kioneki kia 7: Gukinyiria uigananu wamarimatuthiururuki-irie
Kioneki kia 8: Gutheremia unyitaniri wa mabururi niundu wa uthii wa nambere.
Mubango wa TIST wambiri-irie ta machokio kuri wirutiri uria wonanitio ni andu aria marutaga wira hamwe bururini wa Tanzania mweri wa mugwanja mwaka wa 1999. Thi-inie wa themina igiri, aria mathi-ite ni monire uria mangihota kunina wagi wa mbura, kuhanda miti kuria gutari, kwaria iguru ria mirimu,guthomithania hamwe na kwanjiriria ikundi nini. Mwerini wa December 1999, amemba a mbere a tukundi tunini ni macemanirie na makianjiriria TIST. TIST yambiri-irie mbere ya cioneki cia UN cianjitie, ni uhoro wa kumakania kwona uria cioneki cia ikundi icio nini ciakuhaniriirie na cioneki cia atongoria 189 a thi aria macemanirie muthia-ini wa mwaka ucio.
Riu tondu TIST ni ikurite, noihotete kuhingia mabataro maingi maria marabatarwo ni ikundi nini. Riu TIST ni inyitite gichunji kinene ma kia cioneki ici cia Urumwe Wa Kimababururi cia uthii wa nambere. TIST irutaga wira ichagini, iria cierekeirwo ni MDGs, hari mabururi mana maria marakura nanimo, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda na India. TIST ni irutite gichunji kinene muno hari gukinyaniria cioneki ici twona haha iguru. TIST ni yoite makinya mithemba. Wirutiri wayo niuchenjetie miturire ya andu aingi. Guku Kenya, mutaratara uyu wa TIST wanjiri-irie mweri wa Kanana mwaka wa 2004 na thutha wa kahinda kanini niwarutaga wira, na makiria ma ikundi nini 3,000 niciengite na mutaratara uyu wa TIST. Ikundi ici nini cithondeketwo ni arimi aria makoragwo mari atandatu nginya ikumi na eri arume na atumia. TIST irutaga wira na ikundi ici, na kioneki kinene ni uhandi wa miti; orogikundi gikiamukagira marihi manini kumana na muti uria mahandaga na makamenyerera. Hamwe na uu, ikundi niciamukagira mataro na ithomo iria mabatarite muno muturire-ini. Mahinda maya ithomo ici ni ta uhandi wa miti, Murimu wa mukingo, Kuria irio njega, Malaria, uhuthiri wa mariko ma ngu na gukuria iheo mwanya mwanya. Githomo giki gikagwo kuhitukira Themina cia matura orohamwe na kuhitukira arutani anini aria mathomithanagia oro mweri moikaine ta uthomithania wa uhamwe. Kuhitukira wirutiri uyu, TIST ni ihotete kugia na MDGs na njira ici;
Kioneki kia 1:Kunina thina na Ngaragu.
No nginya twitikanirie ati njira imwe iria irehaga wagi wa mbura iria ichungagiriria ng’aragu na kugarura kuria kwega gugatwita kumu. Kugarura kuria kwega gugatwita kumu kumanaga na gutema kwa miti. Oro uria kundu kuingi kurathii na mbere na kwaga miti, nogwo wagi wa mbura wongagirikaga na igachungirira wagi wa irio.gia TIST ni uhandi wa miti. TIST iraruta wira na ikundi nini kuria ikundi cirathomithio umenyereri wa tuta, uchaguri wa miti ya mithemba na uhandi wa miti. Gukinyiria riu, makiria ma miti milioni ithatu ni ihanditwo. TIST iheanaga marihi manini niundu wa muti wahandwo kana wamenyererwo. Uu niwongereire mbia mihukoini yao na nimarahota kwona kiria mabatarite.
Kuhurana na Ng’aragu: Arimi a tukundi tunini twa TIST
Hamwe na uhandi wa miti, ariamanyitanagira na TIST nimathomithagio iguru ria urimi mwega. Njira ici cia urimi, cigitwarithigio ni UNFAO, niciongereire mbembe hamwe na irio ingi nyingi na gichunji kinene muno kuma riria arimi manjirie kuhuthira urimi uyu mwega. Uu nitakuga ati andu aingi a TIST mari na irio nyingi cio na cia andu a nyumba yao na matirahuta ringi. Icigoini imwe ta Meru, arimi nimarendia irio nitundu mari na makiria.
Kioneki kia 2: kugia na githimo kia muthingi.
Kuingira githomo kia muthingi gitikoretwo kiri githeremu muno thi-inie wa mutaratara wa TIST kumia thirikari yanjia githomo kia buri kia muthingi, hakuhi ciana ciothe niciingirite. Ona kuriouguo, marihi maria marihagwo niundu wa miti ni maratuma ciana ihote guthoma muno niundu nguo na giakuria ni ironekana. Atongoria aingi a TIST nimoite makinya mithemba kunyita mbaru githomo kia muthingi.
Ciana cia cukuru:Thirikari ni ikoretwo ikiheana githomo gia tuhu nayo TIST igakorwo igiteithiria na kuriha aciari mbeca nini hari o muti uria mahanda na kuuturia.
Kioneki kia 3: Kuiganania iruka cieri (atumia na arume)
TIST niikuriire muno utongoria wa guthiururukana hamwe na utongoria wa ngombo, ikundi igiri nini njega. Hari na bata Munene muno orogikundi gikorwo na utongoria a guthiururukana. Hamwe na utongoria wa ngobo na gukuria mutongoria wa kiumia iyo. Kuhitukira wirutiri uyu, atumia nimarorio moe utongoria na makorwo meruti-ire ta arume hari gutua matua ma ikundi ciao. Uhoti wao wa gutongoria wonekaga na ugakura na thutha ukagira niundu wa wega wa Gikundi. Atumia aingi aria mari rungu rwa ikundi nini cia TIST nimarauga ati mambiri-irie gutongoria ikundi ciao macitheremie hamwe na matura mao.
Kioneki kia 4: Kunyihanyihia ukui wa ciana.
Ukui wa ciana nimunini mataraini maya. Urii mwega kuhitukira urimi mwega, uhuthiri wa neti cia rwagi kuhurana na malaria, na wanjiriria wa mariko maria mega marutaga ndogo na nja ya haria hararugirwo na kogwo ciana na atumia matihuhagia ndogo iyo, ni imwe ya mawira maria TIST iruti-ire kuiga ugima wa mwiri.
Kioneki kia 5: Kwagiria ureri na ugima mwega wamwiri.
Kuo nyingi iria cionekaga mutumia akiheo mwana ciumanaga na kwaga gucherera thibitari. Atumia aingi aria matangihota kwona mbia cia thibitari magiagira ciana muci-ii na nogutome mwana hamwe na nyina makue. TIST, kuhitukira marihi manini maria irihaga aria mahanda miti ni iringagiriria micii mi-ingi kugia na unyitaniri namathibitari nigetha matungatagirwo. TIST ni iracharia unyitaniri na NHIF kumenya uria amemba mangiyitanira nigetha mateithike kuma kuriyo.
Kioneki kia 6: kunina mukingo, malaria na mirimu ingi.
Mukingo na malaria ni ithiite nambere gutwika muhinga munene hari mabururi maria marekuria. Thutha wa kumenya ati mirimu ino yeri ni irahinga uthii wa nambere, TIST ni ithomithanagia iguru ria Mukingo na malaria. Waingira TIST, amemba a tukundi tunini, nimathomithagio kugitira mirimu ino yeri. Undu wa bata, thi-ini wa Meru na Nanyuki, kuria TIST irathii nambere, murimu wamalaria niuthiite nambere na kwongerereka niundu wa mbarabu ya kirima kia Kirinyaga uu nikumana na wongerereku wa urugari thi-ini wa thi. Wirutiri uria wonanitio ni ikundi nini hari kuhanda miti miingi ni wa kunina thina uyu.
Kioneki kia 7: Gukinyiria uigananu wamarimatuthiururuki-irie
Uu niguo undu uria Munene muno TIST iruti-ire. TIST yambiri-irie nigetha kwagiria maria matuthiurukiirie. TIST ni ihuthirite makiria kwona ati mititu niyagira.Amwe a aria manyitite TIST mbaru ni, Clean Air Action Corporation (CAAC), iria ikoretwo iri muharini wa mbere hari kwagiria uchenjia wa riera. Nitwonete ati riera ithuku nirithi-ite na mbere na kuingiha. Uu nigutumite malaria hamwe na riera ritari riega gutherema na nikuhutitie urimi witu. Aria manyitanagira na TIST nimathi-ite na mbere na kuruta wira kunina thina uyu. Ta uria tukugwetete hau iguru, makiria ma miti milioni 3 ni irakura kumana na wirutiri wa ikundi nini. Mubango uyu wa TIST ni ukurite wega maturaini na andu angi nimarenda uthereme maturaini meru.
Kioneki kia 8: Gutheremia unyitaniri wa mabururi niundu wa uthii wa nambere.
Arimi a TIST nimamenyete, biashara ingi njega ya riera riega. Ikundi nini ni ciragia na mbecha nyingi oromwaka makihari-riria kuingira thoko-ini ino. TIST ni yanjitie njira cia kwaraniria na maburi ira ironwo ni aria manyitaniire na TIST
Kugayana ugi gutingitenderio. Athomithania a TIST na Atari a miti, nimonitio kuhuthira Computa ya palm. Mitambo ya Internet. mohoro makoritwo magitamba wega kuri TIST Gikundi gia Kenya orohamwe na aria martongoragia bururini wa USA, UK na East Africa na kuheana matataro gugatamba raithi. Kugayana mibango namitaratara nigutheremete mabururini , kahinda kahituku nituracereirwo ni Gikundi kia andu 20 kuma Tanzania mokite guthoma. Nima, TIST nimahingitie cioneki ciao.Gikundi kinini kiega gia Kioki gikoragwo rungu rwa wabichi ya Chugu. Tukoragro gichigo gia Katheri Meru. Nitwajitie urimi wa thamaki ta umwe wa urimi mwega. Urimi wa thamaki ni umwe wa uria urakura na ihenya muno thiin-ie wa Meru na niwanjitio ni arimi aingi muno. Andu aingi Meru nimarenda kuria thamaki.
Gikundi kiega gia Kioki: Guthundura urimi ungi – urimi wa thamaki.
Urimi wa Thamaki: giki ni gikundi kimwe kiega kia KIOKI mbiri-irie na ukuria wa thamak
Twambiri-irie na ukuria wa thamaki niundu wa mawega macio maingi. Wambere, wendia wa thamaki niutheremete muno orona makiria tuthamaki twana niundu wandu aria marenda kwanjia kureraga thamaki. Utoro wa aria marendia thamaki niwagirite niundu wa kugia mbia makiria. Wakeri, ukuria wa thamaki niutumite kugie na irio cia kuhe mwiri hinya iria ihuranaga na irio ingi ta ici cia thogora Munene. Uu ni kwongereire irio njega na igatuma miri itu ikore na hinya. Wega ungu wa thamki ni; uri-i wa thamaki ni wongagirira utheremu wa hakiri. Ataaramu nimekitrite mukonde uhoro uyu. Kogwo ciana citiu ingionaga nyama cia thamaki nocikure na ugima mwega na makiria hairi ciao.
Ukuria wa thamaki no iugiragiriria utheremu wa rwagi. Thamaki niciriaga matumbi ma rwagi na kogwo cikagiririria guciaranaga na muthia kunina. Mawega maya ma ukuria wa thamaki nimatumite twoe mubango uyu na njira ya hinya muno. Twetire ataaramu kuma ruhonge rwa thamaki aria magi-ire na themina hamwe na guthomithia na magithondeka ndemu ya thamaki mugundaini ya mumemba umwe. Kumana na ugi uria twamenyire kuma kuri ataaramu acio nituhotete guthondeka ndemu citu orohamwe na gukuria thamaki citu nginya cikagimara.
Ikundi cia ukuria wa thamaki no ciatuheire tuthamaki tunini nginyagia tukihota kwirugamirira. Ndumiriri itu ni kuria ikundi iria ingi cianjie ukuria wa thamaki na nimakwongerera mbia. Tukuga atirii; ria thamaki nyingi na uture muturire wina ugima wa mwiri mwega.
Ta uria tukugite hau iguru, tukuria ikundi iria ingi cingienda gukuria thamaki ciaranirie na wabichi ya TIST Kenya. Kana methe uhoro makiria kuma ihonge cia ukuria wa thamaki tauni ya Meru.
Gikundi kinini kia Kuuga na Gwika: gutambia mawega ma miti.
Makiria ma mawega maria moikaine ma muti ta gutuhe ngu, kiruru na kugiriira tiri, ithui amemba a kuuga na gwika ni tuthiite makiria ma mawega maya. Nitwanjitie gukuria thamaki hamwe na tugunyo na tuhuthagira miti. Nitwonete mbia makiria. Makiria ma kwona mbia kumana na wendia wa uki, ura urabatarikana na hinya muno thokoini citu. Nitugite na miri miega kumana na kuria uki. Turagia na andu mari na ugima mwega wa mwiri. Tugunyu tutu turiaga ndare. Thoko ino niirakura wega na twina mwihoko ni ikwagira na ituhe maciaro mega. Tuhotete kiugia na maya mothe nindu wa githomo kiria tugite kuma TIST. Nituhotete kugia na ikundi njega. Niturathii na mbere na gukuria atongoria ngombo na utongoria wa guthiururukana. Niundu wa michemanio ya arowiki, nituhotete kugia na mataro maria tuthunduraga micemanio-ini na moneka mari mega tukamahuthira. Twitikanititie na kugayana mohoro, ni twiruti-ire guthomithia andu angi na maingire mutaratara-ini uyu witu. Twoete TIST namwihoko Munene muno na ni twiruti-ire kunyitanira na tukundi tungi tunini. Undu wa bata ni ati twihamwe na tukundi tungi tunini nituthundurite wabicini ya chifu ya Kianjagi taharia turichemanagia.
Nituthi-ite na mbere na urimi mwega, umenyereri wa tuta na twina umiriru tukiuga ati ni twonete maciaro mega. Gikundi gitu gikoragwo na arumiriri 12 aria merutagira na hinya muno, nituroria wabichi ya TIST Kenya itwicirie nigetha tutwike Gikundi kinini kiega na muthia tutwike kiria kinene ma.
Rugano rwa mutimia ti Tabitha Stanley, umwe wa Gikundi kiega gia Kainyinyo Kiburi
Mutimia ti Tabitha Stanley ni mutimia mukenu muno. Aganire rugano rwake kuri gikundi kuma Uganda iria yamuchereire hamwe na umwe wa athomithania kuma wabichi ya Chugu etagwo Ms. Dorothy Naitire. Mutimia ti Tabitha ekuga: kuma riria aingirire TIST, muturire wake ni uchenjetie muno; marihi ma ria nyonete kuma kuri TIST nimahotithitie kugura itangi ria mai. Riu ndirataha mai. Tabitha, uria urina ukuru wa naka 70, arauga ati itangi riu rimuteithitie na mai matheru hamwe na maguitiriria tumimera twake.
Muthuri ti Stanely, muthuriwa Tabitha, ari nathari-ni yao.
Hamwe na kuhanda miti, Tabitha nii ahuthagira urimi mwega. Ni acheririe Gikundi giki mugundaini wake wa mbembe. Arauga ati ndari agia na maciaro ta macio kuma tene. Ni arachokeria ngatho TIST niundu wa kumuthomithia urimi uyu. Ni onanirie ngatho ciake na njira ya kuhe Gikundi kiu mitungo iria yaumanite na urimi mwega. Tabitha nietuni-irie muno na urimi mwega gichagini kiao. Arimi aingi nimanyitite urimi uyu na nimarenda kuingira TIST.
TIST niyonaga wirutirui Munene uria wonanagio ni ikundi taici na ekerutira kumathomithia makiria nigetha gutheremia miturire yao. Mutaratara uyu wikagirirwo muno ni marihi maria marihagwo arimi a TIST. Wirutiri wa Tabitha ni rugano rwa utorania. Ikundi ingi nini ni iririo cihuthire wega kiria monaga. Mutimia ti Tabitha akiuria ikundi nini cihuthire marihi maria monaga na gwiteithia, ithui ta TIST turoria andu othe a TIST.
Gikundi kiega gia Kamithagana C: miti kuma kiamjiriria.
Miaka miingi mihituku
Riria thi yanjagia
Migunda ndiari kindu
Ni ngai wombire
Atekuriganirwo kumigemia
Akiumba miti
Akiumba Adam na Eve.
Akimahe hinya iguru ria maundu mothe
Kugayukania mega na moru.
Ouria miaka yathiangaga, andu no maingihaga
Wendi wa kuhuthira miti ugitherema
Miti mi-ingi igithukangio
Makiriganirwo wega wa miti.
Mwakaini wa 1800’s iganda ikianjia.
Gutiri mundu wamenyaga machungirira
Twendaga gukura, twendaga kugia na iganda
Iganda ikianjia, riera ithuthu riki-ingiha.
Mabururi mangi makiuma thutha
Nonginya twirutire gutherema
Na mabururi mothe magika uguo.
Matekumwenya maumirira.
Uchenjia wa riera riu niguo uraririo
Urugari no urogereka bururini
Gutura kwa mundu kwi hatikaini
Makinya ma naihenya mekwendwo moyo.
Warahu wa mai no urongerereka
Bundulangi ni imwe ya warahu ucio
Mioyo igakua na indo nyingi igathukio.
Na andu magathama.
Uchenjia wa riera riu ndugimenyeka
Wagi wa irio riu ni wa mahinda mangi
Wagi wa wairio ukaingiha
Kihonia ni kinini
Handa miti miingi
Miti ni – ininaga riera ithuku
Miti itheragia riera
Arimi a TIST nimeruti-ire
Kuhanda miti mi-ingi
Kuhonokia thi
Na kuhonokia mundu wathi.
Amemba a PAA-A mariruta wira nathari-ini yao
Atari a miti magitara miti kwa uhuthiri wa komputa ya guoko.
Amemba a wabichi ya Lamulia.
Amemba a wabichi ya Kinyaritha hamwe na amemba a TIST Tanzania hindi ya mucemanio wao.
MAZINGIRA BORA
October 2007 Edition Newsletter
www.tist.org KIMERU VERSION
The International Small Group and Tree Planting Program ( TIST)
An Environmental, Sustainable Development and Community Forestry Program.
TIST farmers during a recent In- house training at Ntoobo, Tigania West.
- Uria TIST igutethia kwingiria goal ya maendeleo( Millenium Development Goals.) - Page 2
- Kamithagana C Best Small Group: Trees From The Beginning.
- Kioki Best Small Group: Discovering another Best Practice – Fish Farming.
- A Story of Ms. Tabitha Stanley, A Member of Kainyinyo Kiburi Small Group.
- Kuuga na Gwika Small Group: Diversifying the trees benefits.
www.tist.org P.O Box 1508 Nanyuki, Kenya Tel: 0724 - 255 369
Uria TIST igutethia kwingiria goal ya maendeleo( Millenium Development Goals.).
Mwakene jwa 2000,atongeria ba nthi cia oome ibakurukirie uria maendeleo jakombikika: goal iji nii:
Goal 1: Kuthiria ukia mukeu na mpara.
Goal 2: kuthoma kithomo kia kuthiria waa.
Goal 3: kung’anania aaka na arume na gwikira aaka inya
Goal 4: kunyiyia ikuu bia twana
Goal 5: gutuma afya ya ekuru bari barito ibua
Goal 6: kurwa na murimo jwa mukingo (HIV/ AIDS), rwagi na mirimo ingi.
Goal 7: gutuma biria bitucigiritie bikara bwega (environmental sustainability)
Goal 8: kureta ngwataniro ya maendeleo na antu bangi.
TIST yambiririe kumania na mantu jaria jathithirue ni antu ba Tazania July 1999. semina ijiri ibombire gwika njira cia kuthiria mpara, kwanda miti miundene yetu, mantu ja afya injega na kuritana antu kwambiria tukundi tuniini. December 1999, amemba ba mbere ba gakundi kaniini ibothuranire na TIST yambiria. TIST niyo yambiririe mbere ya UN Millenium Development goals itithithitue na bubu ni bwa kugwirirua niuntu gakundi kaniini ka mbere nikaari na kioneki kia atongeria 189 ba nthiguru cia oome naria bacemananirie nyumene mwaka juu. Oo uria TIST igukura nou ikumba kujuria mobatu na wendi bwao na uria tukundi tuniini tukwenda kumania na TIST na kuringana na UN Millenium Development goals.
TIST iritaga ngugi na arimi oo baria MDGS itegerete nthiguru inya igwitwa Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda na India. Nitumite mantu jaria jakwendeka jau jandiki au iguru jombika. TIST nigarurite mono miturire ya antu mono. Aja Kenya TIST yambiririe August 2004 na kagita kau kaniini nkuruki ya tukundi tuniini 3,000 itumbite gutonya. Tukundi tutu tuniini ni twa arimi kuuma antu 6-12 ba antu arume na aaka.
TIST iritaga ngugi na tukundi tutu tuniini kenda bomba kwaanda miti bakionaga marii ja oo muti juria bakaanda na bajumenyere jutikoome. Amwe na bubu tukundi ituritanagwa mobatu jaria jabainyagiria mwanka nandi. Baritanagwa waandi bwa miti, kuthithia nursery cia kumithia miti, urimi buti na goro, HIV/AIDS, kurigiria murimo jwa rwagi, gwaka mariko ja gutumira nku inkai na uria bomba kwirungamira bogwa. Moritani jaja baritanagwa kumania na: seminars na kumania na aritani ba ntura baria baritani ni TIST bagikaga moritana oo Mweri akui na arimi. Kumania na wiru buria TIST ithithitie niumbite gukinyia MDGS na njira ta iji:
Goal 1: kuthiria ukia mukeu na mpara. Itubwirite gwitikiria ati mpara na ukia bireti ni waagi bwa ngai niuntu bwa uria miti yarikirwe na inya. Oo uria mamillion ja miti jagwita jakirikagwa nou mpara igwita na mbere niuntu urimi butibua.
Ta uria kugweterwe au iguru, TIST ni ya waandi bwa miti. Murandi juju juritaga ngugi na tukundi tuniini bakaritanwa kuthithia nursery cia kumithiria miti na gutaara mbeu na waandi bwa miti. Mwaka nandi miti 3 million niandi. Murandi juriaga gantu kaniini o mwaka niuntu bwa kwaanda na tumenyera oo muti. Mbeca iria ikundi bikuriwa nitumite bomba kujuria mobatu jao.urimi bubwega bwa ngarama inkai buria butumite urimi bwa mpempe bwithirwa buri na maketha mainda jana nkuruki kuuma TIST ikwambiria. Ikwonania amemba ba TIST ibombite kwithirwa bari na irio bia kung’ana na kwou ikwonania bati na mpara. Ruteere rwa Meru arimi bari na irio kinya bia kwendia kenda bona mbeca cia mobatu jao.
Goal 2: Kuthoma kithomo kia kuthiria waa. Kithomo kia primary school gitaari mubangone jwa TIST. Thirikari ikureta kithomo kia utheri aana ibombite gwikua cukuru na wingi. Amwe na buu, mbeca iria amemba ba TIST bariagwa nitumaga bakomba kubagurira nguu na irio kenda bomba kuthoma bwega. Bamwe ba staff ya TIST ibombite gutethia kithomo kia primary nterene mwanya.
Kuhurana na Ng’aragu: Arimi a tukundi tunini twa TIST makigetha mbembe kuuma mugunda wa urimi mwega.
Ciana cia cukuru:Thirikari ni ikoretwo ikiheana githomo gia tuhu nayo TIST igakorwo igiteithiria na kuriha aciari mbeca nini hari o muti uria mahanda na kuuturia.
Goal 3: kung’anania aaka na arume na gwikira aka inya. Murandi jwa TIST ijwikagira mono utongeria bwa kithiuruko na uthumba, na jaja ni mantu jamwe ja TIST. Kwou no mwaka kwithirwe kuri na utongeria bwa kithiuruko na uthumba na gwakana ( building up) mutongeria wa kiumia kiu. Kuumania na utongeria bubu antu aaka ibaejagwa kaanya ka gutongeria oo umwe na antu arume na kubaa kaanya ka kumenya mantu nkuruki. Ikumbikaga kumenya kiewa kiria oo muntu aegi kia utongeria. Antu aaka ibombite kugia na utongeria ikundine na nturene ciao na biuthuranone bingi binene.
Goal 4: kunyiia ikuu bia twana Ikuu bia twana ibinyii naria TIST iri. Kurea irio bwega niuntu bwa urimi bubwega, gutumira net cia kurigiria rwagi na gwaka mariko ja kunyiia toogi ekuru na twana batikamikuucie ni mantu jamwe ja afya ya mwiri iria ireti ni TIST
Goal 5: Gutuma afya ya eekuru baria arito ibua Kuu bia muthemba juju biumanagia na riria eekuru baria batiguciumba batikumba kwona mbeca cia gwita maternity mwanka gikuu gikonekana kia mwana na ngina. TIST kumania na mbeca iria bonaga niuntu bwa miti nibaritanagwa ubatu bwa kwithirwa muntu ari na insurance yawe. Iji ti ya kumenyera eekuru baria arito aki, indi kinya family yonthe. TIST nikwariria na NHIF uria bomba gutetheria amemba ba TIST gutonya ku.
Goal 6: Kurwa na murimo jwa mukingo (HIV/ AIDS) na rwagi na mirimo ingi Mirimo ya mukingo na rwagi niete thiina inene kiri nthiguru iria igwita na mbere na nirigagiria maendeleo jeta na mbere. TIST niritanaga uritani bwa kurigiria mukingo na rwagi kiri training ciao. Tukundi tuniini tugutonya kiri TIST ibaritani mono njira cia kwirigiria mirimo iji. Mono mono ruteerene rwa Meru na Nanyuki naria TIST iri, murimo jwa rwagi irwitite na mbere kwingia niuntu bwa ruuji ruria rukuma nkamiene ya kirima kia Mt. Kenya yakeruka niuntu bwa murutira juria jukwithirwa juri ruone. TIST nikugeria kwaanda ma million ja miti kenda yumba kunyiia murutira nthigurune.
Goal 7: Gutuma biria bituciigiritie bikara bwega (environmental sustainability) Iji niyo ya bata mono kiri murandi jwa TIST. TIST nigeretie na ngarama inene mono kenda antu bathithia miitu yao yongwa.Company iria iejaga TIST mbeca, Clean Air Action Corporation (CAAC) ithagira iri ya mbere kwona ati ruugo rwetu rugakara bwega. Itubwirite kumenya ruugo ruthuku rwitite na mbere kwingia mono mwaka rwatuma nthiguru igia na murutira nkuruki mwaka murimo jwa rwagi jwangia mono na mwaka urimi bwathuka niuntu bwa kwara. TIST nikugeria itikunoga, kwona ati nthiguru yetu ikagaruka uria ikari nandi Murandi juju ijukugeria gutamba kuruki. Goal 8: kurete ngwataniro ya maendeleo na antu bangi Kuumania na TIST, arimi ibakumba kumenya biashara ingi ya ruugo, Carbon Credit Business. Tukundi tuniini tukwambiria kuriwa mbeca oo mwaka bakithuranagira uria bagatonya biasharene iji. Murandi juju ijuruguritea Internation Communication iria bagutumira nandi. TIST trainers na atari ba miti (quantifiers) ibaritani njira ya gutumira Palm Computers na Internet. Mawasiliano ja antu ba TIST ba nthiguru ingi ta USA,UK na East Africa nijagutuma bomba kumenyaga uria nthiguru igwita na mbere.
Kumenya uria nthiguru ingi ikuthithia igwatumire gikundi kia arimi ba kuuma Tanzania 18, beja Kenya kuthoma. Kwaria ma TIST nitumite bathithia nkuruki ya utethio buria bonete.
Gakundi kaniini ka kioki: Ithithio ringi ririega- urimi bwa kurithia makuyu.
Gakundi kaniini ga Kioki karitaga kari ndene ya ubici ya Chugu. Turi Katheri District ya Meru ya Gatigati. Tukwambiria kurithia makuyu iri njira imwe ijega ya TIST. Urimi bwa kurithia makuyu ibukureta mbeca na mpwi mono Meru. Arimi ba makuyu nibagwita na mbere bakinyiaga Meru.
Twambiririe urimi bwa makuyu niuntu bwa mantu jaja jathatu, kwendia makuyu jakura na kwendia twanana kiri arimi baberu. Urimi bubu ibutumite twona mbeca cia kumba gutwitithia na mbere maishene jetu. Bwajairi makuyu ijaretaga ndene ya mwiri vitamin iria ciendekanaga guti na ngarama. Iji mitumite miiri yetu ikara bwega nkuruki. Baita ingi kuria makuyu ijatethagia gutumira utombo bwetu bwega.
Kurithia makuyu ikunyiagia gukura kwa rwagi. Makuyu ijaijikene karijaga tung’inyo turia tuciaraga rwagi. Mantu jau jonthe twagweta au igurru ijatumite twajukia urithi bwa makuya na njira inene. Fisheries Department nituthithiritie seminar ya uritani bwa kuthithia antu a kurithiria makuyu kwa mumemba umwe wetu. Kuringana na uume buria tugwete kumania nabo, itukumba kuthithia antu a kurithiria makuyu na kumenyera twanana mwanka tugakura. Fisheries niyo yombire gutwa twanana twa makuyu na mwanka nandi itukumbaTwambiririe kwirungamira. Ntumiiri yetu ni arimi bangi bambirie urimi bwa makuyu kenda bomba kwona mbeca nkuruki cia kwirungamiira miturirene yao. Batwi tugiite; urie makuyu nkuruki utuure na mwiri jumwega.
Nathari ya miti ina miti mihiraga ngurani.
Urimi wa Thamaki: giki ni gikundi kimwe kiega kia KIOKI Best Small Group mwena wa Katheri.
Gakundi Kaniini ka Kuuga na Gwika: Baita ya miti
Nkuruki ya baita cia miti tene, niuntu bwa nku, kithiiki na kumenyera muthetu batwi gakundi kaniini ka Kuuga na Gwika, itutegerete nkuruki baita cia miti. Iturithitie njuki na silk worm rearing- biria bimenyagirwa ni miti. Bibi ibitwonerete mbeca nkuruki. Amwe na biashara ya wendia bwa nainchu, iria thoko irio mono, niumbite kinyatwi gututethia miirine yetu. Silk worm irijaga taratare kuuma mitine(from Mulbere trees). Biashara iji no igwita na mbere ikigijaga inya nkuruki na turi na witikio ikabua yumbe gututethia.
Bubu ibumbikite kuringana na urutani bwa TIST. Itumbite kwibangania tukuundi tuniini tugicemanagia kiumia na utongeria bwa kithiuruko. Amwe na tukundi tungi tuniini itumbite kuthuura Kianjagi chief’s camp aria tukomba kuthuranaga niuntu gwa urutani.
Itumbite kuthithia urimi bubwega na kuthithia nursery cia kumithiria miti. Gikundi gietu kiri na amemba 12 baria bonthe baciejanaga. Itukuria TIST itutegere kenda tukaa Gakundi kamwe kaniini gakega kenda tumba kuritira ngugi inkundi biria binge bituciigiritie.
Rugono rwa Ms. Tabitha Stanley mumemba wa gakundi kaniini ka Kaing’inyo Kibiiri
Ms Tabitha Stanley ni mwekuru ugwiritue mono. Naere ageni ba TIST Uganda baria baari na muritani wa ubici ya Chugu, Dorothy Naitore.
Ms Tabitha arauga, “kuuma ndigutonya kiri TIST muturire jwakwa ijwagarukire. Mbeca iria njukitie indombire kugura itangi ria gwika ruuji. Nandi TIST nitumite ndatiga gutaaga ruuji. Tabitha 70, ariuga itangi ti ria ruuji rwa kunyua aki, indi iritumite ndomba kumenyera nursery ya kumithia miti. Akiriungirwa July iji ikurukite nursery yawe yaari na miti 8,000. Amwe na waandi bwa miti, Tabitha narimite urimi bubwega. Athiurukirie ageni mundene jwagwe agwiritue mono akiugaga uria agwiriritue iketha riria rikurukite. Nagucokeria TIST nkatho ciawe. Nombire gucamukiria ageni bau bonthe mpempe cia micababa iria ciumenie na urimi buu.utumiri bwa mbeca iria ciumanitie na waandi bwa miti. wiru bwa Tabitha ibumwe buria bugwikira ikundi bingi wiru kiri utumiri bwa mbeca cia miti. Tabitha akiejana nkuagaya nakwenda ikundi biuthurania mbeca na baitumire bwega. Antu bonthe ba TIST ibabwirite kuthingata mung’uanano juju.
Gakundi Kaniini ka Kamithagana C: Baita
ya miti
Miaka million inyingi iria ikurukite
Nthiguru ikiambiria
Nthiguru itari na gintu
Ni Murungu wamiumbite
Tukorirua niuria amithongometie.
Naandire imera
Oomba Adam na Awa.
Arabaa inya ya into bionthe bianthi.
Kuthuura into bibiega na bithuuku.
Oo uria miaka ikuthira nou antu baingiire
Utumiri bwa miti nabu bwaingia.
Miti imingi nienyangirue
Borirua ni wega bwa miti.
Miaka ya 1800’s factories ciambiririe
Gutiwe wathuganirie uria gugakarika.
Itukwenda gukura na no tukwenda factories
Factories ikwambiria toogi yambiria kuuma.
Nthiguru ingi irambiria
No mwanka twite na mbere.
Uu niu baugaga.
Batikumaka uria gugakarika
Nthiguru nigaruki yagia mwanki
Mwanki nthigurune jukuthuka nkuruki.
Utuuro bwa muntu buri hatarine
Utethio bwa mpwi ibukwendekana.
Miuguu niu ingiire
Juju niju mufano jumwega
Ikuu na winyangia bwa into ibikarikite
Antu bauma nja ciao.
Uria riera rikari utiumba kumenya
Imera kurega kubua nibio bigukarika
Irio gutibio
Mwanka twagia mpara
Kurigiria ni njira inkai
Aanda miti imingi, aanda miti mamillion
Miti niyo inyiaga ruugo ruthuku
Miti ithambagia ruugo
Arimi ba TIST bakwigia
Kwanda miti mamillion
Kwonokia nthi
Kwonokia ruriijo rwa muntu.
Amemba a PAA-A mariruta wira nathari-ini yao
Atari a miti magitara miti kwa uhuthiri wa komputa ya guoko.
Amemba a wabichi ya Lamulia.
Amemba a wabichi ya Kinyaritha hamwe na amemba a TIST Tanzania hindi ya mucemanio wao.